1.5 MW风力发电机组动态载荷分析

风力发电机动态载荷是影响风机运行和寿命的重要因素,对动态载荷的分析一般采用模型仿真方法.本文针对1.5MW变速变桨风力发电机,基于Samcef for wind turbine（SWT）软件,应用梁单元和超单元进行了高精度建模.模型的控制部分利用曲线查询模拟.在额定风速的湍流风况下,对动态响应曲线、齿轮箱和主轴的两轴承处动态载荷进行了重点分析,揭示了曲线变化成因.通过与Blad-ed软件的仿真结果对比,证明SWT模型具有较高的有效性和参考价值.     

船用汽轮机汽封系统改进研究

针对船用汽轮机常用的汽封系统结构的缺点,设计并应用了汽封压力调整器,能将轴封、主汽门及调节汽阀的漏汽一体化集成处理,合理利用了高压漏汽源,并具有根据压力自动调节汽封补汽的优点,既提高了设备的自动化程度,又减小了安装空间。经实船的运行检验,证明了该系统的可靠性及实用性。     

舰用燃气轮机发电机组发展概述

本文介绍了当今世界主要舰用燃气轮机发电机组,分析了燃气轮机发电机组的优缺点及其成为综合电力系统主动力的要求,得出我国必须大力发展燃气轮机发电机组以满足未来我海军需求的结论.     

航行工况下自升式风车安装船强度直接计算研究

自升自航式风车安装船为海洋工程专业特种船舶,在风机运输,安装中有很高的实际利用价值。采用直接计算法,对航行工况下自升自航式风电安装船的总强度进行评估。建立了船体和桩腿的有限元建模,基于三维势流理论对波浪垂直弯矩进行长期预报,得到风车安装船在典型装载工况下的设计波参数,将船舶在设计波中的重力、静水压力、水动压力、惯性力等施加到模型上进行直接强度分析,对航行工况下船体和桩腿的强度进行了校核。本文的计算方法及结果可为自升自航式风车安装船的整体强度评估、船体结构优化提供有效依据,并且对同类工程船的设计开发具有指导意义。     

船用核汽轮机转速串级前馈-反馈模糊PID控制

在船用核汽轮机装置中,其转速控制效果直接关系到机组安全性和经济性。以船用核汽轮机为研究对象,首先,建立了船用核汽轮机各个模块的数学模型,在此基础上设计了核汽轮机转速的串级前馈-反馈PID控制系统;然后,基于模糊控制原理,采用串级前馈-反馈模糊PID控制对串级前馈-反馈PID算法进行改进;最后,在不同扰动下进行了仿真实验,仿真结果表明了模糊算法在改进前馈-反馈PID控制效果方面起了显著地作用,体现了智能算法与传统算法相结合的控制思想在船用核汽轮机转速控制方面的应用前景。     

Ultimate load analysis of a 10 MW offshore monopile wind turbine incorporating fully nonlinear irregular wave kinematics

Loads from storm waves can in some cases be dimensioning for offshore wind turbine substructures. Accurate determination of nonlinear wave loads is therefore important for a safe, yet economic design. In this paper, the fully nonlinear waves, realized by a fully nonlinear potential wave solver OceanWave3D, are incorporated into coupled aero-servo-hydro-elastic simulations for a reduced set of wave-sensitive design load cases, in comparison with the widely used linear and constrained waves. The coupled aero-elastic simulations are performed for the DTU 10 MW reference wind turbine on a large monopile at 33 m water depth using the aero-elastic code HAWC2. Effect of the wave nonlinearity is investigated in terms of the ultimate sectional moments at tower bottom and monopile mudline. Higher ultimate moments, 5% at tower bottom and 13% at monopile mudline as maximum, are predicated when the nonlinear waves are used. It could be explained by the fact that the extreme nonlinear waves, that are close to the breaking limit, can induce resonant ringing-type responses, and hereby dominate the ultimate load responses. However, the constrained wave approach shows marginal difference compared to the standard linear wave approach. It can be concluded at least for the present configuration that the industry standard approaches (linear and constrained wave approach) underestimate the ultimate load responses on offshore wind turbines in severe sea states.     

Semi-submersible wind turbine hull shape design for a favorable system response behavior

Floating offshore wind turbines are a novel technology, which has reached, with the first wind farm in operation, an advanced state of development. The question of how floating wind systems can be optimized to operate smoothly in harsh wind and wave conditions is the subject of the present work. An integrated optimization was conducted, where the hull shape of a semi-submersible, as well as the wind turbine controller were varied with the goal of finding a cost-efficient design, which does not respond to wind and wave excitations, resulting in small structural fatigue and extreme loads.The optimum design was found to have a remarkably low tower-base fatigue load response and small rotor fore-aft amplitudes. Further investigations showed that the reason for the good dynamic behavior is a particularly favorable response to first-order wave loads: The floating wind turbine rotates in pitch-direction about a point close to the rotor hub and the rotor fore-aft motion is almost unaffected by the wave excitation. As a result, the power production and the blade loads are not influenced by the waves. A comparable effect was so far known for Tension Leg Platforms but not for semi-submersible wind turbines. The methodology builds on a low-order simulation model, coupled to a parametric panel code model, a detailed viscous drag model and an individually tuned blade pitch controller. The results are confirmed by the higher-fidelity model FAST. A new indicator to express the optimal behavior through a single design criterion has been developed.     

风力发电机组远程监控及风场风机管理软件的开发

为使风电机组可靠运行、高效发电及便于管理,开发了风机远程控制及风电场管理软件。该软件采用WINDOWS操作系统下的VC++加后台关系数据库、C/S(客户端\服务器)体系结构、多线程数据联系方式,界面友好,使用方便,现场运行可靠。文章描述了该软件数据库中风机特性表和数据处理表,介绍了其数据通信及处理模块等主要模块及部分关键技术。     

高原用兆瓦级风电机组电气系统的改进设计

分析了高原气候对兆瓦级风力发电机组电气系统的影响,以WT1650型变速恒频双馈异步风力发电机组(1.65 MW)为例,提出了该风电机组在海拔4 000 m环境条件下运行的解决方案,并对其电气系统做了改进设计,整个改进方案对常规风电机组在高原环境下运行有良好的指导作用。     

Strain estimation for offshore wind turbines with jacket substructures using dual-band modal expansion

Structural fatigue is a design driver for offshore wind turbines (OWT). In particular, the substructures, like jackets, are strongly affected by fatigue. Monitoring the fatigue progression in the welds is vital for the maintenance and a potential lifetime extension. However, inspections of critical locations are costly due to the limited accessibility of the mostly submerged jacket. Considering the high number of potentially critical welds, it is regarded as economically unfeasible to equip all fatigue hot spots with sensors. Thus, an indirect method to monitor the fatigue progress of the structure and point out critical locations is desirable. For a consistent support of ongoing maintenance, it has to yield reliable results for varying operational and environmental conditions. This paper applies a virtual sensing approach to jacket substructures. From a small set of sensors on the tower, fatigue at every desired location of the jacket is estimated using dual-band modal expansion. Simulations using the OC4 jacket design are performed to show potentials and limitations of the method. Namely fatigue progress on leg welds of K-joints is predicted with high accuracy over a wide range of load cases. However, some difficulties in fatigue prediction of X-joints due to the occurrence of local modes and limitations in the extrapolation of wave loading have to be resolved in future work.