应用ADVISOR研究丰田混合动力系统

研究了丰田混合动力系统及其主要控制策略，利用ADVISOR软件对Prius轿车的加速过程和燃油经济性进行了模拟计算，并与试验结果进行了对比。UDDS工况下计算的油耗为4．88-5.65L／100km，EPA的试验结果为4．85L／100km；HWFET工况下计算的油耗为3．35-4．28L／100km，EPA的试验结果为4．37L／100km。     

基于ESO和动态逆的欠驱动船舶航迹跟踪控制设计

针对欠驱动船舶航迹跟踪控制问题,考虑船舶动态不确定性、未知时变外部扰动和速度不可测的情况,将输出重定义方法、扩张状态观测器(extended state observer, ESO)和动态逆控制方法相结合,设计欠驱动船舶航迹跟踪控制律。输出重定义方法用来解决系统欠驱动问题;构造ESO,估计由船舶动态不确定性、未知时变外部扰动以及船舶各自由度运动状态变量间的耦合构成的总扰动和船舶速度;基于上述,采用动态逆控制方法,设计航迹跟踪控制律,使欠驱动船舶跟踪期望航迹,并保证航迹跟踪闭环控制系统所有信号最终一致有界。以一艘欠驱动船舶为例进行仿真研究,仿真结果验证了所设计的航迹跟踪控制律的有效性和优越性。     

光纤水听器三路输出解调方案仿真

光纤水听器是一种基于光纤、光电子技术上的新型水下声传感器。文章概述了M—Z干涉型光纤水听器三路输出解调方案的原理,并用SIMULINK软件实现了此解调方案,在分析仿真结果的基础上,指出三路输出解调方案是将来构成全光纤干涉型水听器系统的优选方案。用软件实现解调的过程对硬件解调电路的设计具有指导性的意义。     

Assessment of port economic impacts on regional economy with a case study on the Port of Lisbon

This article presents a method of assessing the economic impacts of ports at both regional level and national level, through application of input–output analysis. To this end, a methodology for data collection is proposed, which combines a top-down with a bottom-up approach which should help in surpassing some of the difficulties commonly faced in port economic impact studies. The presented methodology allows port planners and policymakers to assess the economic significance and geographic reach of port investments. This study considers the economic impacts of the port cluster and the socio-economic significance of port user industries. The several layers of the analysis are kept separate to allow a better grasp of direct and indirect impacts. The proposed methodology is demonstrated in a study of the Port of Lisbon, which confirms the significance of this port to the Portuguese economy, and also demonstrates that the influence of the Port of Lisbon is mostly limited to an area in close proximity to the port. Therefore, results suggest that investments for the development of logistic infrastructures associated with the port should concentrate in the immediate hinterland of the port.     

基于Boost变换器升压的双绕组感应发电机的电磁设计

本文对一种利用Boost变换器进行最低转速输出电压升压的定子双绕组感应发电机进行了电磁设计。根据该电机具有两套定子绕组的特点,通过提高控制绕组与功率绕组的匝数比来升高控制绕组的电压,从而降低控制绕组励磁变换器电流的设计策略,同时可以省去功率侧的励磁电容器和控制侧的滤波电感,由此构成一种小电流励磁控制大电流功率输出的新型励磁控制系统。利用Boost变换器对最低转速时的输出电压进行升压调节,实现了材料利用率较高、电机安装尺寸较小等优点。     

水合物热激励法开采特征研究

根据天然气水合物的分子动力学分解规律，建立了热激励法开采模型，并运用有限差分法对压力和温度控制方程进行了数值求解。计算结果表明，地层渗透率和井底加热温度对开采过程中地层的压力、温度分布以及气体的产量变化影响较大。由于模型中同时考虑了水合物的分解和再合成反应（可逆反应），因此，天然气的产量随时间呈明显的周期性变化趋势，而且随着时间增长，周期逐渐变长。     

1.6-二磷酸果糖对大面积心肌梗塞后左室功能影响的实验研究

选用雄性wistar大鼠,随机分为心肌梗塞组(MI)、1,6二磷酸果糖(FDP)治疗MI组(FDPI)、假手术对照组(CS)及正常对照组(C)。高位结扎左冠状动脉造成大面积急性心肌梗塞,观察FDP对MI后左室泵功能及舒缩性能的影响。实验结果:1、各MI组间,梗塞范围无显著差异,但FDPI似有缩小趋势。2、MI与FDPI组间,心率、每搏量、每搏量指数无明显差异;FDPI的心输出量(CO)(40.6±8.3ml/min)及心指数(CI)(164.8±30.5ml/min/kg)较之MI的CO(30.6±10.2ml/min)及CI(127.2±36.8ml/min/kg)有明显的恢复(P<0.05)。3、MI与FDPI组间,血液动力学及心肌舒缩性能虽无明显差异,但FDPI也有好转趋势。结果表明,FDP确有改善大面积MI后心泵功能的作用。     

电喷发动机传感器的工作原理与检修

系统地阐述了电喷发动机常用传感器的结构、种类及工作原理,给出了它们的输出特性并进行了归纳,同时也列举了各传感器的检修方法。     

道路运输业增加值研究

分析了道路运输业增加值的概念及其实现过程,阐述了道路运输业增加值的两种计算方法,并对道路运输业增加值、总产值和净产值的关系进行了论述。     

Queue length estimation at metered freeway‐to‐freeway connectors

Freeway‐to‐freeway connector metering is a cost‐effective and proven freeway management strategy for relieving recurrent congestion. However, one of the critical challenges in design and operation of freeway‐to‐freeway connector metering is the lack of up‐to‐date queue storage length design guidance. In this study, it was found that ramp queue is dynamically related to the metering rate, on‐ramp demand, and traffic flow arrival pattern. Hence, simply using an average demand cannot provide accurate queue length estimation and is also not suitable for queue storage design where the maximum or a percentile queue length is generally used. A mesoscopic queue length simulation model was developed based on the input–output method for estimating queue lengths under various demand‐to‐capacity ratio scenarios. Simulation results indicate that for under‐saturated situations, the ramp queue may exist temporally due to the random short‐term surge of traffic arrivals, and the exponential function could best capture the relationship between queue length and demand‐to‐capacity ratio. For over‐saturated situations, the ramp queue tends to prolong linearly with the demand‐to‐capacity ratio. Based on the simulation, it was recommended that queue storage length be designed as 4.3% of on‐ramp demand when demand is lower than 1200 vph or 2.3% when demand is between 1200 and 2400 vph. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.