三用拖船复合热源热泵方案的可行件分析

针对三用拖船的特点,提出将在陆地建筑物中使用的新型节能技术——热泵用于该类特定船舶冬季取暖,并设计了一套船用复合热源热泵空调系统方案.该方案利用热泵技术将直接泵入海水的低位热量及船舶冷却器出口海水的废热转化为船舶冬季采暖的优质热源,达到节省燃油消耗,减少排放的目的,从而减少该类船舶的运行费用,具有能源利用率高、保护环境好的优点.     

转体施工开口薄壁拱桥封盘混凝土水化热分析

拱桥转体施工结束后,需进行拱脚封盘混凝土施工。拱脚封盘混凝土具有体积大、散热面积小、边界条件约束复杂等特点。针对近年来多座此类桥梁封盘混凝土出现开裂的情况,以一典型桥梁为背景,采用MI—DAS2010程序建立其水化热仿真模型,并进行了数值分析。在此基础上,对封盘混凝土的水化热效应进行了水化热常系数、浇筑温度等仿真参数分析。仿真结果表明：水化热效应是造成封盘混凝土开裂的一个重要原因。     

多年冻土地区热棒路基设计原则和方案

青藏公路多年冻土地区路基病害是制约青藏地区道路发展的一个重要问题。热棒是治理多年冻土路基病害的重要措施,热棒路基的工作效果与热棒的自身参数、埋深、埋设间距等有很大的关系。通过热棒路基的各个参数与施工要素的影响分析,提出了热棒路基设计原则和方案。     

浅谈地源热泵技术

阐述地源热泵技术的概念。介绍地源热泵系统的组成部分、工作原理和分类,分析地源热泵系统的特点和实际应用情况。提出地源热泵这种可再生能源在我国节能降耗、生态环保、可持续发展中具有广阔的发展和应用前景。     

大型耐压壳环焊缝焊接残余应力实验研究

采用盲孔法对某大型耐压壳废弃壳圈环焊缝及两个模拟模型进行焊接残余应力测试,结果表明,焊接残余应力普遍较大,mises应力超过0.5σs的测点约占2/3左右,另有10%~20%的测点mises应力超过0.8σs,接近屈服极限.     

反应系数法分析围壁空气层对舱室热环境的影响

反应系数法是空调动态负荷计算的常用方法,该文通过对四种围壁结构的反应系数进行对比分析,表明带有一定厚度空气层的情况对外扰波动影响更小,对保温有利,同时,围壁结构排列次序对反应系数也有影响。     

船舶主机废气余热温差发电的数值模拟与试验研究

为了对船舶柴油机废气余热加以利用以达到船舶节能和减少碳排放的目的，结合船舶余热的特点，开展了船舶余热温差发电的数值模拟与实验研究。采用CFD方法完成了实验装置相关参数的选择后，进一步对温差发电装置的换热过程进行模拟，并通过实验验证了模拟的正确性。最后，以MAN/B＆W41V32/40式船舶主机为研究对象，对其废气余热温差发电的性能进行了评估。结果表明，在热端平均温度为500 K，冷端平均温度为310 K，冷却水流速为10 m/s的工况条件下，设计安装的1764片温差发电片输出总功率理论上可达31.75 kW。     

Prediction of residual stresses induced by low transformation temperature weld wires and its validation using the contour method

Welding residual stresses are one of the main factors influencing the engineering properties of welded structures, and should be taken into account during designing and manufacturing products such as ships, bridges, etc. Recently, both computational and experimental methods play a significant role for providing residual stresses. The contour method (CM) became one of the most powerful techniques that can provide measurement of residual stresses normal to a plane of interest. In this method a component is cut at any plane of interest. Displacements normal to the cut surface are measured and then processed. Using the Thermal–Elastic–Plastic Finite Element Method (TEP-FEM), residual stresses after welding can be predicted. As well as, the elastic FEM can be used to reproduce residual stresses from measured longitudinal displacements in the CM.The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of different low transformation temperature (LTT) weld wires using TEP-FEM and the CM. In the simulation part, a computational approach is developed to numerically simulate both of welding and the CM. In the TEP-FEM, phase transformation is considered for LTT welds, additionally volume change and variation of mechanical properties with temperature are considered. In the simulated CM, welded specimens to be measured are replaced by TEP-FE models. Then the procedure of the CM is examined before applying it to real measurements. The simulated CM successfully predicted how the CM would reconstruct the residual stresses if applied experimentally. In the experimental part, welding is conducted using conventional and various LTT weld wires. Longitudinal residual stresses produced due to welding are measured using the CM. The results of TEP-FE simulation and the CM show the effectiveness of the different LTT weld wires in introducing compressive stresses in the weld. It is also observed that the applied LTT weld wires, which have almost the same martensitic transformation start temperatures, do not show big difference in the induced compressive residual stresses in the weld metal.     

船舶行业余热利用技术研究

本文对船舶行业余热资源的回收技术进行了较为详细的分析总结。首先简要分析介绍了船舶主机余热回收技术,其次对船舶制造企业余热利用现状进行了分析,并以船厂空压站为例,提出一套空压机余热综合利用方案,并进行了经济性分析。分析结果表明,船舶企业空压站具有较大的余热回收潜力,这部分余热如能得到充分利用,将会取得较好的节能效果及经济效益。     

活塞振荡冷却的数值模拟计算及温度场分析

利用CFD动态网格层变法建立了活塞振荡冷却的瞬态计算模型,并应用VOF模型对活塞的振荡冷却进行了瞬态数值模拟计算。分析了活塞在不同位置时油腔内冷却油的流动情况,得到了内冷油腔的机油填充率、壁面传热系数等随曲轴转角的变化规律。为验证其冷却效果,提取了内冷油腔壁面的换热边界,对活塞的温度场进行了有限元模拟计算,并与试验结果进行了对比,为活塞的优化设计提供了依据。