Spatial distribution of cadmium over a cyclonic eddy in the southern East China Sea

Eddy systems are a unique ecosystem, usually having high biological masses and primary production in the sea. In this study, both particulate and dissolved phases of cadmium in the water column of 15 stations over a cyclonic eddy in the southern East China Sea were determined to obtain their spatial distributions. This allows us to confirm that cyclonic eddy systems play the role of a Cd pump in the sea.Results showed that particulate Cd (PCd) and dissolved Cd (DCd) concentrations in water varied greatly, ranging over two orders and one order of magnitude, respectively. Large spatial variability was found not only for PCd but also for DCd in the upper water, apparently due to the effects of the cyclonic eddy system on the Cd distributions over the study area. DCd accounts for about 99% of the total Cd. For the surface water, DCd concentration at the eddy center was about five times the average of the water surrounding the eddy center. The depth distributions of DCd exhibited a typical surface depletion and a subsequent increase with depth; however, the PCd distribution showed the opposite, i.e. a surface maximum and a subsequent decline with depth. In general, the DCd maxima were found at depths of 600–1000 m, agreeing well with the literature. It reflected the internal biogeochemical cycling of Cd in the water column, which was driven by the utilization of Cd by plankton in the euphotic zone and by the regeneration of Cd at depth. In addition, a remarkably high DCd concentration existed in near-bottom water around the cyclonic eddy center.The horizontal distributions of both PCd and DCd in the upper water shared a common feature with elevated concentrations centering around the eddy center and a decline in concentration with distance from the eddy center. This shows that the cyclonic eddy could bring up the Cd-rich deep water to the surface water around the eddy center and could then expand toward eddy's vicinity via advection–diffusion. It is thus likely that it produces ample biological masses over the eddy system. Hence, this work can demonstrate that the ascending nutrient-rich water driven by the cyclonic eddies can serve as an important source not only for many nutrients but also for Cd in the sea.     

北江特大桥左汊主航道桥多跨合龙施工及流程优化分析

对北江特大桥边跨合龙、中跨合龙、成桥以后的多个阶段进行了有限元模拟,发现施工过程中的顶推力施加不合理等诸多问题。在此基础上进行的优化处理,使得主梁的竖向位移得到了较好地控制,固结墩的侧弯和预应力次效应在墩顶产生的次弯矩数值有明显地减小,固结墩的受力更加均衡。优化施工流程可使施工顺序更加合理,从而为桥梁合龙段施工提供一定参考。     

大跨度连续梁悬臂施工线形监控与合拢顺序优化

该文介绍了大跨度预应力混凝土连续梁挂篮悬臂浇筑法施工时梁体的线形监控。利用数值模拟的方法,分别计算出了桥梁在恒载作用下的累积位移、活载位移,给出了梁体的预拱度,通过误差分析和施工状态预测对计算模型进行修正。以此来保证成桥后桥面线形、合拢段两端标高的相对偏差不大于规定值,保证桥梁成桥线形符合设计要求。考虑了合拢顺序对施工阶段变形产生的影响,相应优化了合拢方案,为类似连续梁合拢施工方案的选择提供了参考。     

连续相位调制信号的检测

本文主要介绍了CPM信号的解调方法,研究了基于最大似然接收原理的网格搜索最优算法—维特比（viterbi）算法,并且通过Matlab计算机仿真,给出了一定信噪比条件下影响CPM调制体系误码率性能的因素。     

舰船惯导航行数据的重构及混沌特性分析

针对现有舰船航行数据处理研究中,对数据内在属性及不同数据间相关性研究不够深入的问题,应用不同方法对舰船惯导航行数据进行了相空间重构及比较分析。分析结果表明,C-C方法对船舶惯导航行数据的重构效果较好。在此基础上,进行了惯导数据的混沌特性定性分析,并计算了惯导数据的最大Lyapunov指数,对舰船惯导数据进行了混沌动力学特性研究。分析结果证实了舰船航行数据具有较为典型的混沌特性,为进一步研究采用混沌控制等方法对舰船航行中的混沌状态进行控制提供必要的数据基础和比较依据。     

复杂载荷作用下潜艇结构疲劳裂纹扩展预报方法

统一疲劳裂纹扩展模型是课题组在McEvily模型基础上提出来的,它将疲劳裂纹扩展的3个扩展区域统一起来,并能解释更多的疲劳试验现象.本文介绍了统一疲劳裂纹扩展模型的基本表达式.将此模型与焊缝焊趾表面裂纹应力强度因子的计算方法结合起来,探讨复杂载荷作用下潜艇结构疲劳裂纹扩展预报方法.将服从Weibull分布的随机载荷系列编排为升序、降序载荷谱及随机载荷谱,预报潜艇锥柱结合壳焊缝焊趾处表面裂纹在3种载荷谱下的疲劳裂纹扩展情况,并分析随机载荷谱下载荷次序效应及初始裂纹尺寸对疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响.结果表明,载荷次序效应对潜艇结构疲劳寿命的影响很明显,且合理的确定初始裂纹尺寸对潜艇结构的疲劳寿命预报是非常重要的.     

二相流模式下JDC4-55可调桨粘性流场分析

运用CFD方法中的汽-液混合二相流模型模拟JDC4-55可调桨的水动力性能和空泡性能。通过改变进速和调节桨叶角度得到相应的水动力性能参数。分析空泡对螺旋桨水动力性能的影响,进行JDC4-55可调桨桨流场模拟分析。相对于单相流模型而言,JDC4-55可调桨汽-液混合二相流模型性能计算结果与实验值吻合得更好。     

水下地形辅助导航新方法仿真

水下地形辅助导航是水下运载体导航定位技术研究的关键技术之一。传统的水下地形辅助导航采用回声测深仪,导航定位精度低,有时甚至失效。本文将多波束测深引入水下地形辅助导航,将水深映射为灰度值,利用快速傅立叶变换将输入灰度图从空间域变换为频率域。先采用相位相关技术进行粗匹配,再采用图像Hu不变矩特征进行精匹配,实现导航定位。对基于不同实验获取的实测海底地形图、惯性导航数据、DGPS数据以及多波束实测数据进行了实验室仿真。仿真结果表明,新方法可以极大地提高水下地形导航定位精度,使INS误差降低到原误差的15%以内,尤其是在INS初始误差较大时(小于3 km)导航定位精度改进更好。