做好我国海洋污染应急处置工作的研究

文中重点就目前海洋污染事故存在的风险、交通运输部门针对船舶污染应急体系建设所做的工作、当前海洋污染事故应急反应机制存在的问题以及对如何完善海洋污染事故应急反应机制等作些思索和探讨。     

MBR在处理船舶生活污水中的应用

结合船舶生活污水及现行处理工艺状况,介绍膜生物技术处理船舶生活污水的应用,分析膜生物技术处理船舶生活污水的效果、特点及其改进措施。     

我国船舶油污染损害赔偿机制的初探

随着我国社会的发展,特别是加入WTO后,贸易的频繁,通过海洋(包括入海开放河流)的货物运输量不断增加,在中国水域范围内的突发性严重船舶溢油事故因此也不断发生,给水域环境造成严重污染和国家财产造成重大损失。本文结合工作实际及当前国际公约和国内损害赔偿有关法律法规,分析了我国目前船舶油污染损害赔偿方面存在的问题,提出海事管理机构应在船舶污染损害赔偿中发挥重要作用,提出建立完善的油污损害赔偿机制等相关建议。     

环境污染忧思灵：浅谈我国环境污染现状与可持续发展

较系统描述了我国目前大气、水和固体废物等对环境的污染。指出控制和减轻环境污染是我国可持续发展的基础性工作之一。     

电子垃圾现状及处理对策

随着电子电器数量的迅速增加，国外电子垃圾大量涌入我国，同时国内电子垃圾数量也日益增多，如果得不到及时、合理的处置，将会对环境和人类健康造成极大的危害。本文对国外及国内电子垃圾现状进行了综述，并且从几个方面分析了目前电子垃圾的处理对策。     

A block queueing system for slow moving traffic

A common cause of pollution and waste in urban areas is facilities which provide a continuous slow service for motor vehicles. As demand approaches supply, queues can develop and large numbers of engines can often be idling. Typical examples are car park entrances and drive through fast food outlets. This paper proposes a block queueing system to alleviate the problem without using excessive road space and with a minimum of extra infrastructure. The queue is divided into an active section at the front (with engines running) and a passive section at the rear (where drivers switch their engines off). Periodically, as the active queue becomes depleted, the passive queue is momentarily activated and a block of vehicles advances into the active queue. A visual cue can be provided to the drivers using a vehicle actuated traffic signal. It is readily apparent that drivers in the passive queue have to switch their engines on and off at regular intervals. Since this operation has an inherent cost in itself, this argues in favour of a large block size. However, large blocks mean more engines idling in the active queue. A compromise must be therefore reached for the likely range of queue lengths which the system under consideration exhibits. An expression is derived for the optimum block size in steady state conditions. It is shown that the potential benefits of the regime are considerable.     

Rural environment stakeholders and policy making: Willingness to pay to reduce road transportation pollution impact in the Western Pyrenees

In spite of the strategic national and regional development importance of transportation infrastructures, road transportation is one of the major sources of externalities worldwide. Using data collected from 900 residents living in 14 rural towns near the roads crossing the Spanish Pyrenees, we model citizens’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) to reduce noise and air pollution. We collect the data adopting a contingent valuation method (CVM) design and we analyze the data employing a Zero-Inflated Ordered Probit (ZIOP) model, which allows us to account for an excessive number of zero observations. Our results are in contrast with previous studies’ results with regard to environmental attitudes and socio-economic profiles of residents. Our findings indicate that the stakeholders living near major roads have higher incentives to offset environmental costs. Also, younger, better educated, and more environmentally-aware citizens are willing to pay more to reduce externalities, as they are influenced by their values and environmentally friendly sub-culture, possibly fostered during the past 30 years of green movement worldwide campaigning.     

新修订的环境保护法新内容及其对交通环保的影响

对照1989年颁布并实施的《中华人民共和国环境保护法》与2014年新修订的环境保护法,指出其主要的内容变化及环境保护法律的要求,并结合交通环保工作进行分析,以为同行提供一定的参考与借鉴.     

MBR法处理船舶含油污水技术的研究

随着人们环保意识的不断加强以及国际法规的日趋严格,传统的船用油水分离装置已不能满足含油污水处理的标准。本文简述了一些现有含油污水的处理技术,提出了MBR法在处理船舶含油污水中有极大的发展前景及今后需解决的问题。     

Upstream pollution sources and coastal water quality protection in North Carolina

Abstract

A watershed‐based approach to water quality management is necessary for protecting coastal water quality, but the relative importance of inland pollution sources on estuaries is often overestimated. This can lead to a misallocation of coastal water protection resources and ignorance of coastal zone pollution sources. This overestimation of upstream contributions is attributable to a failure to recognize that many estuaries have little or no inland drainage area, the confusion of basinwide pollutant loading with pollutant delivery to estuaries, the low delivery ratios for many pollutants within drainage basins, and disproportionately high pollutant delivery for sources within the coastal zone. Examples are given from North Carolina. As a general rule, resources expended on pollution control within or near the coastal zone will result in more coastal water quality improvement per unit effort than resources expended upstream.