盐冻循环对胶粉改性沥青混合料性能的影响

冬季寒冷地区路面易积雪结冰,常使用除冰盐进行融雪除冰。除冰盐的使用会对路面材料产生侵蚀。本文通过室内冻融循环试验分析盐冻融循环对胶粉改性沥青混合料的性能的影响。实验中考虑了温度、除冰盐浓度和冻融循环次数三个因素,按照正交原理进行试验,试验测得了试件的孔隙率和劈裂强度。经分析发现,随着盐浓度和冻融循环次数的增加,胶粉改性沥青混合料的孔隙率逐渐变大。说明冬季路面使用的除冰盐对胶粉改性沥青的破坏较严重,不宜大量使用。     

沙土热物理特性的影响因素实验

沙土物性会直接影响土壤源热泵系统地埋管的换热特性,因此对沙土的热物理特性及影响因素展开实验研究,分析了含湿量、孔隙率等因素对沙土导热系数、比热容、导温系数等的影响规律.结果表明：同一孔隙率下,沙土随含湿量增加,其导热系数及比热容增大;导温系数在含湿量为5％时最大;同一含湿量下,沙土的导热系数和比热容随孔隙率提高呈线性减小,导温系数随孔隙率增大呈线性增大;在一定孔隙率下,导热系数、比热容随含湿量增大而呈线性增大;在含湿量大于5％时,导温系数随含湿量的变化呈线性降低.研究结果可以为土壤源热泵地埋管受周围土壤换热性能影响问题提供基础数据.     

E_(vd)路基压实标准在铁路规范中的规定与特点

介绍国外动态变形模量Evd路基压实标准的发展与现状 ,以及我国对Evd从研究、应用 ,到纳规的发展过程 ;阐述Evd标准在高速铁路客运专线、新建铁路以及既有线提速改造中的应用特点与前景     

透水沥青混凝土施工技术

透水沥青混凝土是国际上较为先进的筑路材料,国内刚开始采用。该文根据杭州曙光路透水沥青混凝土施工,阐述了透水沥青混凝土施工技术。     

寒冷地区沥青路面容许空隙率分析

目前,寒冷地区沥青路面早期病害较多,影响其抗冻耐久性。而沥青混合料的冻融耐久性,主要与压实后混合料的空隙率有关。在冻融循环与行车荷载的作用下,就会产生松散、剥落、飞散及坑槽,严重降低路面的平整度,甚至降低使用寿命。以长平高速公路试验数据为依据,提出了寒冷地区高速公路沥青表层的容许空隙率的界限。     

贫混凝土透水基层材料渗透性能室内试验

渗透系数和孔隙率是表征贫混凝土透水基层渗透性能的主要指标。利用垂直和水平渗透仪分别测试了多孔贫混凝土的渗透系数,并分析了其满足达西定律的水头范围,得出孔隙率与渗透系数的关系。结果表明：多孔贫混凝土只要保证水力梯度小于0．04,就能满足达西定律的要求;有效空隙率和全孔隙率之间呈相关性良好的线性关系,有效孔隙率和渗透系数之间满足相关性良好的幂指数关系,贫混凝土透水基层的临界排水有效孔隙率为14．4％。     

半柔性路面复合材料抗压回弹模量研究

通过对基体混合料设计空隙率25%的复合材料进行室内试验得到相应的抗压回弹模量,并与实体路面工程实测弯沉反算得到的抗压回弹模量进行比较,提出了确定复合材料抗压回弹模量的改进方法,由此计算出基体混合料空隙率分别为20%和30%对应的复合材料回弹模量,并确定了相应的取值范围,最后通过回归得到复合材料回弹模量与基体混合料空隙率之间的关系式,由此可确定任意空隙率的复合材料回弹模量,为半柔性复合路面设计提供了重要参数。     

浅谈开级配抗滑磨耗层(OGFC)在国内的应用

开级配抗滑磨耗层具有降低噪声、透水性好、抗滑性好、安全性高等特性,根据我国的气候特点和地理环境制定OGFC路面的设计和施工规范,可推进OGFC路面在国内的发展和应用.     

基于PFC3D隧道采空区上覆岩层破坏机理研究

本文采用PFC^3D数值模拟软件,结合牡佳客专青龙山小煤窑上覆岩层垮落情况以及孔隙率变化特征,对小煤窑采空区上覆岩层破坏机理进行研究,得出以下结论:上覆岩层由于应力集中和覆岩崩塌引起的冲击作用,工作面底板产生更多裂缝且不断积累和发展,形成贯通性裂纹通道,直至底板裂纹区域深度达到15 m;在工作面推进过程中,工作面上方、后方以及工作面附近孔隙率较大,随着工作面的推进,工作面后方孔隙率大的领域增加,使工作面推进区域上方孔隙率大的领域不断向前发展,形成细长形状,由于上覆岩层的支承作用,两巷附近的孔隙率仍会保持较大值。     

An experimental study of wave-in-deck loading and its dependence on the properties of the topside structure

This paper concerns the largest and arguably the most threatening wave loading component experienced by a broad range of offshore structures. It arises when an incident wave crest exceeds the elevation of the underside of the deck structure, leading to direct wave-in-deck (WID) loading. The extent of this loading may be limited to the partial submergence of some of the lowermost deck beams, or could involve the large-scale inundation of the entire deck area. Either way, very large loads can arise which must be taken into account when assessing the reliability of the structure. In an earlier contribution Ma and Swan (2020) provided an extensive laboratory study exploring the variation of these loads with the properties of the incident wave. The present paper describes a second stage of this experimental study in which the variation of the WID loads with the properties of the topside structure is addressed. Specifically, it considers the porosity, position and orientation of the topside relative to the incident wave conditions, and seeks to explore both the variations in the maximum load and the loading time–history resulting from these changes.Given the highly transitory nature of a WID loading event, coupled with the fact that the problem is governed by flow conditions at, or very close to, the instantaneous water surface, the loading process is driven by an exchange of momentum from the wave crest to the topside structure. A recently developed WID load model, based on exactly these arguments (Ma and Swan 2020), is used alongside the laboratory data to provide a break-down of the load into its component parts. This provides an enhanced physical understanding of the resulting load time–history. The first part of the study is based upon an idealised generic topside structure, allowing a systematic variation in key parameters, particularly porosity. The second part addresses a realistic topside structure demonstrating the practical relevance of earlier work. Taken together, the analysis clearly establishes the importance of the topside porosity, clarifies the spatial effects associated with the evolution of a large ocean wave beneath the plan area of a structure and explains the unexpected occurrence of impact-type loading on topside structures having a high porosity. Most importantly, the paper highlights those properties of a topside structure which must be incorporated if the WID loads are to be accurately predicted.