综合客运枢纽换乘量预测方法及其适用性分析

换乘量预测是交通枢纽规划的关键,是换乘站各种交通方式运营调度的前提.在总结现有预测方法——基于集计与非集计的预测方法的优缺点的基础上,针对枢纽管理的不同需求提出分时段预测、换乘量短时预测、分担率类比预测等预测方法,并应用于辽阳市客运枢纽换乘量的预测分析.从客运枢纽的建设阶段(已建成与未建成)、换乘预测方法构建的难易程度、基础资料准备过程等方面对各方法的适应性进行比较,扩展客运枢纽换乘量预测的研究思路.     

内外集卡协同服务的码头集卡预约优化模型

针对码头集卡集中到达引起的拥堵问题, 提出了基于内外集卡协同服务的码头集卡预约优化模型, 建立了休假式排队系统, 设计了基于遗传算法的求解方法, 并利用算例验证了模型与算法的有效性。分析结果表明: 内部集卡在堆场的计算平均等待时间为14.31 min, 实际平均等待时间为15.11 min, 外部集卡在堆场的计算平均等待时间为20.65 min, 实际平均等待时间为21.55 min, 计算值与实际值相差较小; 预约优化后外部集卡在堆场的平均等待时间由20.65 min缩短为16.85 min, 码头集卡的平均等待成本由29.3元降低为24.1元。休假式排队可有效描述码头内部集卡和外部集卡的特征。可见, 集卡预约优化模型能有效降低码头集卡的等待成本与等待时间, 建议对集卡进行管理时应优先考虑减少内部集卡的等待时间。     

终端区空域结构调整对进场交通流的影响

根据终端区空域运行规则, 采用网络理论建立了终端区空域网络模型, 基于终端区航空器微观行为建立了空中交通流跟驰模型和等待模型, 基于NetLogo仿真平台进行了仿真试验, 分析了不同入度分布的空域结构对交通流的影响。仿真结果表明: 当密度小于等于0.075架次·km^-1, 速度大于等于0.04 km·s^-1时, 交通流处于自由相; 当密度为0.075~0.200架次·km-1且速度大于等于0.04 km·s^-1时, 交通流处于畅行相; 当密度大于0.200架次·km^-1, 小于最大密度时, 交通流处于拥塞相; 随着航班波作用的减弱, 交通流进入反向畅行相, 之后进入反向自由相; 当进场交通流分布一定, 入度值依次为2、3、1时, 交通流速度小, 密度大, 拥塞消散最慢, 入度值依次为3、2、1时, 交通流速度大, 密度小, 拥塞消散最快。可知, 增大空域网络上游关键节点的入度, 使进场交通流提前完成汇聚, 有利于交通流快速运行, 增大交通流量; 减小空域网络下游关键节点的入度, 有利于交通流在达到拥塞相后快速完成消散。     

天津港典型LNG码头海洋环境风险研究

文章针对天津港特殊的地理位置,周边敏感资源的特点,对天津港典型LNG码头的运输货种及燃料油的污染危害性进行了分析,对码头及船舶存在的风险进行了研究。运用Oilmap溢油轨迹和归宿模型,采用情景分析法假定溢油事故场景,对燃料油泄漏事故进行了模拟。根据研究结果,对天津LNG码头提出了风险的防范措施以及建议。     

Competitiveness of container terminal operating companies in South Korea and the industry–university–government network

Burgeoning container port facilities have fostered intensified competition among container terminal operating companies (CTOCs). However, despite research into their survival strategies which identified antecedents of competitiveness including hard factors such as facilities, available cargo and cargo processing ability, softer factors spanning human resource management, networks and strategic alliances with universities and government agencies in industry–university–government (I–U–G) networks have been overlooked. This study aims to examine both hard and softer antecedents of competitiveness as perceived by 152 professionals in South Korean CTOCs; empirical relationships among these antecedents, I–U–G networks, and competitiveness itself; and the significance of the I–U–G network in establishing and improving competitiveness. Posited antecedents of competitiveness included human resources, facilities, service quality, customer orientation, reputation, and government support policy as independent variables; the I–U–G network as a moderating variable; and competitiveness as a dependent variable. Empirical structural relationships revealed that excepting government support policy, each variable significantly affected CTOC competitiveness. Further, the I–U–G network moderated the relationships between the antecedents of competitiveness and competitiveness. Because an effective I–U–G network was pivotal in controlling CTOC competitiveness, improved competitiveness requires not only differentiation of human resources, facilities, service quality, customer orientation, and reputation factors but also I–U–G network developments.     

Effects of passenger characteristics and terminal layout on airport retail revenue: an agent-based simulation approach

This paper examines the effect of passenger characteristics and terminal layout on airport retail revenue using an agent-based simulation approach. Simulation results show that passenger mix (that is, the mix of shopper types according to a typology of airport shoppers) has a profound effect on airport retail revenue; the larger the number of ‘shopping lovers’ there are among passengers, the higher the airport retail revenue. Results also reveal that group travel can lead to negative effects on retail in certain terminal layouts, and that the amount of free dwell time that a passenger has can affect spending due to less retail engagement. This paper shows a combined effect of passenger characteristics and terminal layout on airport retail revenue, and discusses the implications of these results for future airport terminal design that aims to maximise retail potential.     

我国集装箱运输发展战略研究

分析了我国香港港、高雄港、上海港、深圳港集装箱运输的发展状况,提出了我国集装箱市场面临的机遇以及严峻的挑战,针对我国集装箱市场存在的问题,提出了进一步的改进措施。     

武汉新港发展的SWOT分析

武汉新港是武汉港未来发展的重要组成部分。将SWOT分析方法应用于武汉新港港口内外部环境分析,通过构造内外部因素评价矩阵,将武汉新港内部存在的优势与劣势以及外部面临的机会与威胁予以定量化,从而得出应该采取增长型发展战略的结论。     

一车多件货物装载布局优化模型与算法

以三维多层货物装载布局问题为研究对象,结合货物运输安全特征,综合考虑装载货物合重心、总重量、总体积、车辆边界及货物之间不干涉等约束因子,以最大化承载车辆标记载重量和有效容积综合利用率为优化目标,建立一车多件货物装载布局优化模型。为保证货物布局的平整性和平衡性,提出基于人工装载经验的s中心骨架、带已布物群约束的布局、形状相似的概念,采用空间合并、融合、小块预留技术,在构造待布空间的匹配货物集、中心骨架及其移动策略的基础上设计一车多件货物装载布局优化算法。实例表明:所提出的模型和算法能快速制定合理的三维多层货物装载布局方案,有效运用承载车辆,满足货物运输安全的要求。     

营造港口建设软环境浅析

简要分析阐述了港口基本建设涉及的业主负责制、建设管理体制、项目管理模式、前期工作与设计管理、建设条件与风险、政策法规环境和信息化建设等有关内容,对问题的解决提出了初步建议。