灰土桩在高速公路地基处理中的应用

结合工程设计实例,介绍了灰土桩在处理湿陷性黄土地基中的应用,并提出了一些建议与解决方法。     

浅析高速公路企业文化建设

随着高速公路行业的激烈竞争和现代企业制度的建立,企业间的竞争已经不再是某一层面的局部竞争,而是全局和整体实力的竞争,尤其是其企业文化和形象的竞争。在这种情况下,高速公路行业迫切需要一种强有力的企业文化来支撑,加强企业文化建设,对于提高企业的经济效益和社会效益,提高竞争力,具有重要的意义。惟有如此方能在未来的竞争中立于不败之地。     

Predictive power of inspection outcomes for future shipping accidents – an empirical appraisal with special attention for human factor aspects

This paper investigates whether deficiencies detected during port state control (PSC) inspections have predictive power for future accident risk, in addition to other vessel-specific risk factors like ship type, age, size, flag, and owner. The empirical analysis links accidents to past inspection outcomes and is based on data from all around the globe of PSC regimes using harmonized deficiency codes. These codes are aggregated into eight groups related to human factor aspects like crew qualifications, working and living conditions, and fatigue and safety management. This information is integrated by principal components into a single overall deficiency index, which is related to future accident risk by means of logit models. The factor by which accident risk increases for vessels with above average compared to below average deficiency scores is about 6 for total loss, 2 for very serious, 1.5 for serious, and 1.3 for less-serious accidents. Relations between deficiency scores and accident risk are presented in graphical format. The results may be of interest to PSC authorities for targeting inspection areas, to maritime administrations for improving asset allocation based on prediction scenarios connected with vessel traffic data, and to maritime insurers for refining their premium strategies.     

Sustainability and interactivity between cities and ports: a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach

Ports and cities are intrinsically linked. Port city, which serves as a link between the local and global economy, is an integration of both urban and port systems. Constrained by different regional structures, port cities have developed various formulations over time. Using a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach, this paper proposes a new method for measuring the sustainable development of different port city systems. While the previous empirical studies often separate the port system and the urban system, this paper assesses the two systems in an integrated way. Moreover, this paper develops a systematic methodology for measurement of sustainability. Twenty world-leading container port cities are selected for this study using contemporary data. The DEA results display their relative differences in levels of sustainable development, which reveal the effectiveness of the prevailing policies in them. Eventually, recommendations are drawn for other port cities by referring to the best practices.     

Disaster prevention and strategic investment for multiple ports in a region: cooperation or not

With the growth of maritime transportation, seaports have become critical to the world economy as linking nodes between shipping and inland transport. However, the port system is fragile under certain unconventional emergency events. This study addresses the issue of investment on disaster prevention within the port competition context. The present model discusses and compares four situations of different relationships and strategies of pre-disaster prevention between two adjacent ports. Results indicate that both ports increase the disaster prevention investment under the cooperation scenario compared with that in the case of non-cooperation wherein they are complementary ports. Meanwhile, a numerical simulation is conducted to examine the collective and individual rationality of both ports. Although cooperation strategy decreases the total risk cost of two ports, one of the two ports may profit, whereas the other may suffer losses.     

沿海港口煤炭专业化运输系统适应性探讨

结合全国煤炭生产消费及调运情况,分析北方煤炭下水港布局、后方铁路通道规划建设及煤炭下水趋势对专业化煤炭下水港未来发展的影响,研究南方煤炭接卸港码头布局、外贸进口煤炭和煤炭中转基地建设及接卸港发展趋势对接卸港布局及建设的影响,对全国沿海港口煤炭专业化运输系统分区域、分结构的适应性进行探讨,并提出问题及建议。     

北方煤港装卸设备清洁生产技术与应用

针对目前国内煤炭港口生产作业过程中扬尘严重、环境日益恶化的现状,对北方煤炭港区装卸生产设备进行研究,从煤炭在物料转接过程中的撒漏和扬尘的形成机理入手,对各作业点存在的清洁生产问题进行总结和剖析,进而开展对物料运输的各个工作点的改进研究,找出生产工艺流程中控制撒漏和扬尘的方法。     

单侧边载作用下黏土中单桩负摩阻力特性模型试验研究

桩基础边载作用会在桩周产生负摩阻力,进而危及软土地区高桩码头、人工岛、路基等工程的安全。通过开展黏土中单侧堆载作用下单桩室内模型试验,测定桩身应变、桩顶沉降和水平位移,研究边载作用距离和桩型对桩身轴力及弯矩的影响,探讨桩身负摩阻力、桩顶沉降和水平位移在黏土固结过程中的时间效应。结果表明:边载作用距离对桩身最大轴力和最大弯矩有较大影响;翼板桩会增加桩身最大轴力和最大弯矩;负摩阻力和有效应力系数随时间增长且增速趋缓;增加边载作用距离和添加翼板都会提升桩身中性点位置,在这两组试验中均提升了8.33%。     

PHC桩损伤处应力释放与水平受力影响分析

基于大型有限元软件ANSYS建立单桩有限元模型,以某5万DWT高桩码头为例,计算分析PHC桩在桩基完整性检测割桩处的应力释放以及损伤对水平承载的影响。结果表明:PHC桩在割桩损伤处应力释放明显,损伤区域应力变化剧烈,损伤处应力变化规律和应力集中系数与桩的预应力水平无关;水平荷载作用时PHC桩的预应力对于提高损伤桩的抗裂效果明显,损伤处受应力集中影响,预应力水平越高损伤处应力变化越大,而且最不利应力位置也下移到损伤平台内侧处。     

铝合金模板在码头工程中的应用

基于铝合金模板在唐山港曹妃甸港区联想控股通用件杂货泊位二期工程中的应用,对其应用特点、施工工艺及应用效果进行分析。认为铝合金模板是一种低耗、环保、经济实用的绿色模板,在国内港口工程中具有广阔的推广前景。