我国高速铁路速度目标值问题的研究

196 4年日本建成东海道干线时速 2 0 0 km/h的高速客运铁路 ,揭开了世界高速铁路发展的序幕。由于高速技术日趋成熟和它自身所具有的技术经济特征 ,适应了各国经济、社会发展的需要 ,世界各国竞相提高速度、修建高速客运铁路 ,至今已有 10个国家 (日本、法国、英国、美国、意大利、西班牙、荷兰、俄罗斯等 )建成时速 2 0 0 km/h以上的高速铁路。高速铁路的修建和发展标志着世界铁路已进入了向高速发展的新时代。本论文不涉及对高速铁路系统模式优劣的比选 ,仅就对已报国家审批的高中速共线方案的高速铁路中的有关问题进行研究和探讨。本文提出了我国发展高速铁路是当务之急 ,讨论了高速铁路目标值的确定 ,对于高中速共线运行方案下的有关部分参数选取 ,提出了优化方法 ,以期为高速铁路规划和建设作参考 ,为深化研究提供基础条件。     

Mixed analysis of shell and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method

 This article presents a mixed method of analyzing shell elements and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method. In the structural design of a ship's hull, the shell elements are used for the global model. However, the solid elements are necessary to analyze the stress concentration zones or the vicinity of a crack. In such cases, the models are analyzed using zooming analysis, in which the results of a global model analysis are transferred to a local model analysis by imposing boundary conditions. This method is more advantageous than zooming analysis in terms of the accuracy of the solution and the modeling flexibility. Some examples of a plate model with a cracked surface or with a projection are shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Received: August 6, 2002 / Accepted: November 25, 2002 Address correspondence to: S. Nakasumi (sumi@nasl.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001;189:219–224; and 190:655–662)     

Numerical simulation of the flow about self-propelling tanker models

A time-marching CFD simulation is performed for self-propelling ships. The flow about the hull is simulated by the finite-volume method, and the propeller action is approximated as a propeller disk for which the solution is given by a simplified propeller model. The interaction of two flow models is treated in a time-marching procedure converging towards the steady self-propelling condition. This method is applied to five tanker models, and detailed comparisons are made between the simulated results and corresponding experimental results. It is shown that the flow field in the self-propelling condition is qualitatively well reproduced in the simulation, and the estimated thrust deduction factors for the five hull forms agree well with measured ones. However, the effective wake factors are underestimated, since the Reynolds number in the simulations differs from that in the experiment.     

房室隔疏松组织间隙及其有关的组织结构

利用４例人心房室隔水平连续组织切片，观察了房室隔内的疏松组织间隙和与其有关的组织结构：包括心房肌至房室结的过渡性心肌纤维，冠状窦末段的形态结构以及冠状窦口后方的右房后窝等。并结合临床进行了讨论。     

略论施工机械的选型

施工机械的选型,是施工机械前期管理中的一个重要问题.本文就施工机械选型前的准备工作,选型的基本原则,选型的经济性评价等方面进行了阐述论证,提出了施工机械选型的十条基本原则和定量评估的方法.     

装配式公路钢桥承载力的有限元分析

指出装配式公路钢桥设计中所采用的简化计算方法的不足,使用大型有限元软件ANSYS对其受力情况和承载力进行了分析,并与简化计算方法作了对比,得出了一些规律性的结论,对实际应用具有指导意义。     

惠州港在珠江三角洲战略定位的思考

珠江三角洲各地港口建设往往只从本地区角度考虑,在一定程度导致各市港口性质相似、功能雷同,并为争夺货源进行恶性竞争。论文分析了惠州港的优势,再用层次分析法对集装箱港口竞争的关键要素进行定性和定量分析,得出珠江三角洲9个港口发展集装箱码头建设的权重。为惠州港的港口资源在珠三角洲港口群中的最优配置提供相关的研究资料。     

对我国建设工程索赔机制运行有关问题的探讨

索赔机制及其运行是实现索赔的重要保证。文章通过对索赔机制的定义及构成分析,阐释了索赔机制的本质及运行影响因素。据此,对我国索赔机制运行中的困境及原因做了剖析,提出了完善我国索赔机制、改善索赔环境的具体措施和建议。     

阜朝高速公路湿陷性黄土段小桥涵地基的处治

湿陷性黄土易产生沉降变形,且承载力低。本文介绍阜朝高速公路湿陷性黄土段小桥涵地基处治的一些方法。     

科技英语翻译对专业知识的要求

本文从词汇、表达方式和语法结构理解三方面论述了专业知识对科技英语翻译的重要性,同时也简要说明了语言知识也很重要,两者缺一不可,相辅相成。