汽车电子技术的现状与展望

简述汽车电子技术应用的分类,总结其特点与要求,并概述我国汽车电子产业的现状．展望汽车电子技术的发展趋势。     

矿用汽车后桥壳体修复工艺的探索及应用

针对矿用汽车后桥壳体修复工艺中存在的焊接材料和焊机不易选择、焊件表面较难清理干净、坡口形式与裂缝尺寸不匹配、焊接工艺处理不当等疑难问题,提出了选用低氢钠型碱性焊条及直流逆变焊机等解决方案。经用户使用检验,修复后的车辆连续运行30000km以上均未出现异常,节约了维修成本。     

Virtual durability test rigs for automotive engineering

In recent years so-called ‘virtual test rigs’ have become more and more important in the development process of cars and trucks. Originally, the idea was to substitute expensive durability tests with computer simulation. Meanwhile, the focus has changed towards a more cooperative usage of numerical and laboratory rig simulation. For many safety critical issues laboratory tests remain indispensable. In early development stages, when no physical prototypes are available yet, numerical simulation is used to analyse and optimise the design. In this paper, we show how to build numerical simulation models of complex servo-hydraulic test systems and their test specimen using multi-body simulation for the mechanics in combination with simulation models for the hydraulics and controls. We illustrate this at two industrial application examples: a spindle-coupled passenger car suspension rig and a tyre-coupled full vehicle rig. We show how the simulation models are used to design and optimise better test rigs and to support the test rig operation by preparing the physical tests with new specimen, i.e. by performing numerical simulations including numerical drive file iteration before the physical tests start.     

Simulation study on the operating characteristics of a hybrid hydraulic passenger car with a power split transmission

In this paper, a hybrid hydraulic passenger car (HHPC) coupled with a power split continuously variable transmission (P-CVT) is proposed. This P-CVT is capable of splitting the power from the internal combustion engine into mechanical and hydraulic power flows. By adjusting the ratio of the mechanical power to hydraulic power, the P-CVT enables the transmission ratio to be changed continuously. Meanwhile, the P-CVT system can capture the braking energy and store it in the hydraulic accumulator for the next assistant driving. In order to quantitatively investigate the effect of applying P-CVT on improving the fuel economy and operating performance for the HHPC, a numerical simulation is conducted under typical city driving conditions. The simulation results demonstrate that, the P-CVT permits the engine to be run under a more efficient operating range. The total fuel consumption of the HHPC is reduced by 16.4% under the test conditions, compared with that of the original car.     

Development of a hull form definition tool with a related knowledge-based advisory system

The development of a parametric hull form design system utilizing combined knowledge-based and objectoriented methodologies, approaches, and techniques is the major purpose of this research. One objective was the development of a powerful, intuitive, and parameter-based hull definition system with a related hull definition advisory system that would provide useful and necessary advice to the user. Object and knowledge modeling activities were conducted during the analysis and design stage to facilitate the implementation of a hull design program and advisory system. The hull design system includes the generation of a geometric model from a process of aggregating simple user-selected shapes representing different boundaries. Design involves the capability to vary simple parameters such as entrance angles, length-breadth ratios, and radii to define local and general surface geometries. Hydrostatic calculations are included for analysis; results are referred to an advisory system for evaluation and the determination of the acceptability of parameters and analysis results. The advisory system includes a knowledge bases consisting of hull form databases, results of the statistical analysis of data, design parameter constraints, and expert knowledge acquired from designers, reference materials, and technical reports. Use of the design tool with the advisory system results in the rapid generation of hull forms and associated design evaluations. Flexibility in decision making results from the separation of the design system from the advisory system. The independence of the two systems allows for a wide range of user experience with experts using the design tool with minimal reference to the advisory system. On the other hand, the expertise and knowledge stored in the advisory system is fully available to inexperienced designers and users.     

结构可靠性优化设计的遗传算法

本文针对结构可靠性优化设计问题的特点与计算上的难点，提出遗传算法，文中比较详细地比较了遗传算法的理论基础，遗传算子及工作过程，并对参数选择及其对收敛的影响作了探讨，最后以两个可靠性优化问题作了算例，验证了遗传算法解决此类问题的有效性。     

用动态规划方法优化设计船舶车辆甲板结构

基于规范的车辆甲板结构优化设计在数学上是一个较大的非线性规划问题，而且为了满足实际需要，其中一些变量只能离散变化。本文将该问题处理为三阶段决策问题，因而能运用动态规划方法有效地求解。通过一个实例详细说明求解过程，从中看出应用动态规划方法解决基于规范的船舶结构优化设计问题的特色。     

采用模型设计和模型试验方法研制大型泵

本文对采用模型设计和模型试验方法研制大型离心泵的计算理论，结构设计和材料选用等问题进行了探讨，确认了只有在正确运用相似计算公式的前提下才能保证相似设计可靠性的观点，验证了叶轮进口截面几何形状对离心泵汽蚀性能和效率值的影响，并提出了国内现有的能较好满足船艇货油泵运转条件的材料组合建议方案。     

波浪、潮流数值模拟中的网格数字地形的生成及可视化

在逐点插值算法中综合考虑了角度和距离的影响,改进了该算法中权函数的确定方法,并对水动力学数值模拟中普遍关心的边界进行了处理。进一步采取分区域选点法,用加权平均法生成了网格数字地形,实现了地形的可视化。开发了相应软件模块,并集成到已有的波浪、潮流数值模拟软件中,应用于实际工程中,取得了很好的效果。     

纤维增强复合材料加固金属管线的应力分析

与传统的金属管线加固方法相比,缠绕FRP加固具有明显的优势。本文推导了承受内压的金属管线缠绕FRP加固后的环向应力计算公式,并与有限元计算结果进行了对比,二者符合较好。该计算公式对加固技术设计方法的建立具有较高的参考价值。