半刚性基层材料路用性能的试验研究

通过室内试验,研究了3种半刚性基层材料(水泥碎石、水泥粉煤灰稳定碎石、二灰碎石)的强度特性、断裂韧度、干缩特性及疲劳性能,比较了它们的路用性能。试验结果表明:半刚性基层材料的断裂韧度与弯拉强度具有一定的相关性;二灰碎石与水泥类稳定碎石相比,强度和断裂韧度较低,干缩性能和疲劳性能较好;水泥类稳定碎石抗弯拉强度比二灰碎石高,可弥补其疲劳寿命衰减过快的不足;用粉煤灰代替部分水泥,有广泛的工程应用前景。     

公路结构物混凝土高性能化的试验研究

结合唐山市2座大桥维修加固工程,对高性能化公路结构物混凝土从原材料特性及配合比设计方法、物理力学性能、应力腐蚀特性、微结构分析、施工工艺与质量控制等方面进行了较为细致的研究,通过试验和分析结构物的运营现状,得出高性能混凝土不仅能延长公路结构物的使用寿命,还可减少养护维修费用,对于公路建设可持续发展具有重要意义.     

Indicators of reliability and vulnerability: Similarities and differences in ranking links of a complex road system

This article investigates two performance attributes of road networks, reliability and vulnerability, analyzing their similarities as well as the differences that justify distinct definitions, based on consolidation of recent studies. We also discuss the indicators found in the literature for these two performance attributes. Since various authors treat vulnerability as an aspect of reliability instead of a specific attribute, we carried out an application to a complex road network representative of the city of Rio de Janeiro to check the suitability of this approach. The results show that the vulnerability indicators are more strongly affected by the characteristics of alternative routes while the reliability metrics are more sensitive to the congestion level. The conclusion is that reliability and vulnerability should be treated distinctly for evaluating the performance of road network links.     

Logistic performance evaluation of provinces in Turkey: A GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis

Logistics performance evaluation of provinces is considered in this study. To do so, a three-step solution approach is developed: (i) determination of 16 geographic and economic indicators, (ii) using geographic information system to assign a logistics score and (iii) prioritizing the indicators and ranking the provinces using multi-criteria decision analysis tools. Proposed methodology is applied to 81 provinces in Turkey as a case study. Results show that the provinces of Istanbul, Izmir, and Hatay are the pioneers. The proposed methodology provides the ability to analyze the impacts of indicators on logistics performance and create a logistics performance map of countries.     

The impacts of changing flight demands and throughput performance on airport delays through the Great Recession

Several significant events between 2007 and 2009 impacted flight demands and the abilities of the three major New York area airports to handle demand. This paper assesses the results of applying a probabilistic simulation method – which isolates the individual contributions of changes in flight demand and changes in airport throughput performance to changes in flight delays – to diagnose how these different events may have caused operational changes at these airports, and in turn, how the results may be used to inform policies for appropriate countermeasures. The analysis revealed two key observations. Firstly, certain patterns in throughput performance shifts caused the most significant delays, and were more likely to have been caused by controller staffing issues rather than caps. Secondly, relatively constant average delays from one year to the next may result from significant demand drops accompanied by large throughput performance degradations at an airport. This suggests that not only operational limitations on capacity encourage airlines to reduce schedules, but that changed demands can also impact throughput performance. Overall, the analysis indicates that caps may not have provided their fully intended delay benefits. Although they successfully reduced overall flight demands at LGA and JFK, they also directly limited throughput performance at critical times, in turn limiting delay benefits. In addition, demands at the busiest times of the day appear to be relatively inelastic to these operational limitations, insofar as demand profiles at EWR and JFK remained “peaky” in 2008 and 2009. Also, the recession was largely responsible for reducing demands at the airports in 2009, but the delay benefits of this were dampened by a corresponding throughput performance degradation. Based on the above observations, a more direct demand management policy combined with policies that focus on maintaining high staffing capabilities at critical times of the day may be considered, to reduce the likelihood of major queue formation on days that do experience sustained demands. The results also suggest that a more flexible caps system, particularly during times of heavy queues, could be explored. Although airport practitioners have keen understandings of how their airports operate, without the support of quantitative analysis tools, it can be more difficult to argue the need for appropriate countermeasures. An analysis such as the one presented here can provide the detailed quantitative substantiation required to build cases for these targeted policy directives and infrastructure investments.     

悍马车用柴油机的控制内容与特性试验研究

介绍了GM-L65电控柴油机的控制内容及控制参数,阐述了柴油机的部分油门特性与变速器换挡规律之间的联系。根据总功率试验数据,采用曲面拟合的方法,利用MATLAB软件的数据处理和三维曲面功能,求出了GM-L65柴油机的万有特性,为动力传动系统的一体化控制以及换挡规律设计提供了依据。     

金属清洗剂SP-8310的研制与应用

为克服用有机溶剂清洗工件毒性大、易燃、污染环境等缺点,研制、开发出水基清洗剂SP-8310。介绍了SP-8310的配方设计依据及其组成,并对SP-8310进行了清洗能力试验、防锈性试验、腐蚀性试验和消泡性能试验。结果表明,SP-8310具有低温、低泡、清洗力好、防锈性强等特点,已在一些公司获得应用。     

加铺超薄罩面后沥青路面就地热再生适用性分析

对加铺超薄磨耗层后的路面沥青混合料进行试验分析。试验结果与分析表明：加铺超薄磨耗层后的混合料级配和油石比满足规范的AC-13的技术要求,说明超薄磨耗层路面可进行再生利用。对再生混合料进行高温性能、水稳定性能和低温性能试验,发现含有超薄磨耗层的再生混合料的高温性能、水稳性能和低温性能均满足规范要求。再生后路面压实度、平整度、渗水系数等指标满足规范要求。     

激光路面断面检测系统的功能与应用探讨

激光路面断面测试系统是先进的路面性能检测系统,它具有完善的路面性能指标采集和处理功能,能在不同行驶速度下检测各种干湿路面状况,准确、高效采集和处理路面状况性能数据.论文介绍了该激光路面断面测试系统的组成、构造及功能,并对其路用性能指标的标定和应用进行了探讨.     

加纤维沥青混凝土用于桥面铺装的路用性能及施工研究

通过研究普通及纤维沥青混合料各项路用性能及力学性能,表明添加纤维能显著改善沥青混合料的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性及水稳定性能,并且能有效地增加混合料的整体性与柔韧性,适于作为桥面铺装材料。