超声波检测在钢管砼桥梁施工质量控制中的作用

在钢管砼桥梁中,钢管内砼的压注质量是保证桥梁总体质量的关键.通过超声波检测的原理和方法的介绍,以合阳嘉陵江大桥利用超声波检测确定出主弦管内砼的质量问题,有针对性地进行整改的工程实例,阐述了超声波检测在钢管砼桥梁质量控制中的重要地位和作用.     

统计过程控制SPC在ERP质量管理中的应用研究

统计过程控制(SPC)是实现质量管理与控制的重要组成内容.在对SPC及其控制图进行基本阐述的基础上,结合企业ERP系统,在分析质量管理系统的功能模块后,将SPC技术与ERP质量管理系统进行了有效结合,并从受控质量特性选择和数据获取、控制图及其诊断以及工序能力指数等方面进行了深入研究和分析,给出了应用实例.该系统已经在企业得到很好的应用.     

船用燃气轮机发电机组动态性能仿真

基于Matlab/Simulink平台,根据容积惯性法建立某三轴燃气轮机发电机组非线性动态模型,并定制燃气轮机转速调节及发电机励磁系统控制策略,对动态模型进行阶跃形突增突减负荷变工况仿真研究。结果表明动态模型能够有效地对负荷突变工况进行模拟,为船舶电网供电模块的控制系统设计与优化提供模型基础;在变工况过渡过程中,燃气轮机发电机组动态响应特性满足船舶电网供电品质要求。     

重力式码头通病的应对措施

由于重力式码头结构的大型化,重力式码头结构在不同部位出现了不同程度的质量通病,例如胸墙裂缝、工后沉降位移及码头面层不均匀沉降造成后方积水等,严重影响码头的正常使用。结合重力式码头设计施工经验,分析质量通病的形成机理及其危害,并提出解决措施。这些措施经实践证明可行有效,可为类似工程提供借鉴。     

Measuring the influence of bus service quality on the perception of users

Encouraging the use of public transport is a key policy goal in many countries. Therefore, public transport should offer the level of quality that accommodates the demands of current users, and importantly, the desires of potential users. This study investigates the influence of the perceived quality of bus service on the perception of both current and potential users. The study draws upon data from 512 questionnaires distributed across Belfast City in the UK. The study utilises a binary logistic regression model to quantify the relationships between the perceived quality of 29 bus indicators (independent) and the perceptions of users towards the overall bus service (dependent). Eleven significant indicators are reported to have significant influence on the perception of users. These indicators are utilised to propose scenarios for optimising the quality of bus service with the perceptions of current and potential users.     

The influence of bus service satisfaction on university students' mode choice

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between bus service satisfaction and the transport mode of choice among university students in Qatar. The degree of bus service satisfaction was collected directly from questionnaire surveys, in which university students were asked questions in relation to their satisfaction with the bus service they used and their transport mode of choice. These questions were categorized into three factors according to confirmatory factor analysis: service at bus stops, service of busses, and service of drivers. Furthermore, the students were asked which mode of transport they used given the choice between public and private transport. This study presents a structural equation model to determine how much bus service satisfaction affects people's decisions about their transport mode. The results from the analysis showed that three key factors—namely, service at bus stops, service of busses, and service of bus drivers—were strongly correlated to the mode of choice. In particular, the bus stop was strongly associated with ease of use, shade, cleanliness, safety, and crowdedness level, while the bus itself influenced reliability, travel time, and frequency. Complying with traffic laws and the driver's attitude were also important contributors to the level of bus service satisfaction. Ultimately, this study will be beneficial for policy/decision‐makers. It will allow them to determine what needs to be accomplished to encourage people to use public transportation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于不同燃油品质的内河船舶排放特性试验研究

采用车载排放测试系统,对某内河船舶于苏州河某航段进行了分别燃用B0（纯石化柴油）和B10（生物柴油-柴油混合燃料,生物柴油体积比10%）的实船放对比试验,探究了燃油品质对内河船舶PN（颗粒物数量）、CO、THC和NOX排放的影响,结果表明：○1内河船舶燃用B0和B10时的PN随粒径分布相似,在离港、进港和低负荷工况时呈双峰对数分布,在巡航及中、高负荷工况时呈单峰对数分布;○2内河船舶燃用B0和B10时,PN、THC、NOX排放均随负荷变大而升高,而CO排放则先降低后升高;○3相对B0,内河船舶燃用B10时PN、CO排放下降、THC和NOX排放上升,离港、巡航、进港时PN排放因子分别降低13.82%、8.21%、46.44%,CO排放因子分别降低20.87%、34.75%、17.60%, THC排放因子分别升高33.68%、26.00%、14.15%,NOX排放因子分别升高1.33%、13.92%、8.93%。     

基于乒乓控制的浅潜器潜浮最优控制方法与夹逼控制算法研究

本论文首先建立了潜器的最优控制模型,在此基础上,提出了恒流量的乒乓潜浮最优控制方法,针对其最优方程难以求解的问题,提出了具体的夹逼控制算法并进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,基于恒流量的乒乓潜浮控制方法与夹逼控制算法很好地解决了潜器在垂直面内的零超调近似最优控制问题。     

绞吸挖泥船横移过程二次型最优控制

在疏浚作业过程中,挖泥船主要的作业参数是由操作人员根据自己的经验、试挖情况以及挖泥船实际作业效果灵活确定的,而疏浚操作人员的经验和理论水平也相差较大,所以手动作业的实际产量要远远低于预计产量,效率低下,作业成本偏高,作业质量较差。为了克服该缺点,本文提出了一种基于疏浚系统状态空间模型的线性二次型最优控制策略,并设计了最优控制跟踪器应用于绞吸挖泥船横移过程的控制中,该跟踪器是智能控制替代人工操作的一种有效方法。文中对应用二次型最优控制策略的效果进行了MATLAB仿真分析,仿真结果表明：采用了二次型最优控制策略后,系统稳定、响应快、滞后小,对期望输出的跟踪性好,可以应用于挖泥船疏浚作业过程中。     

本田HG7230轿车可变气门机构故障诊断与排除

根据由可变气门（VTEC）控制机构的控制线路断路引发的低速工作时动力不足、高速工作时油耗增加的现象,阐述本田轿车VTEC控制机构的结构原理和故障检修方法,从而排除故障。