非线性扩散作用下一类四阶抛物方程解研究

主要研究相变理论及薄膜润滑理论中出现的一类四阶退化抛物方程,函数及二阶拉普拉斯算子作用下在边界上为0,初始时间为已知函数.通过对时间的半离散,依据椭圆型方程解的存在性,构造逼近解,进而获得相应的抛物方程解的存在性及唯一性.方法上,依赖于对逼近解做半离散迭代估计、能量估计以及紧性讨论.     

土工格栅加筋路堤影响因素研究

在野外修筑了4段连为一体的试验路堤,其中3段含土工格栅加筋层,格栅层间距各不相同.用土压力盒测量了每段路堤底部的竖向土压力.在试验研究的基础上建立有限元模型,模型得到了试验数据的验证.用该模型对土工格栅加筋路堤进行了计算分析,探讨了加筋层间距以及路堤土的内摩擦角、粘聚力和弹性模量对加筋路堤沉降和应力分布的影响规律.得到以下主要结论:(1)加筋路堤的表面沉降随格栅层间距的减小而减小,其根本原因是加筋路堤内部的竖向应力随格栅层间距的减小而降低,而水平应力却随之增加;(2)加筋路堤的整体性和竖向变形的均匀性随格栅层间距的减小而提高,这有利于改善路面结构的受力和变形条件,从而延长路面的使用寿命.     

盾构砂性渣土-泡沫混合物渗透性影响因素研究

渣土改良是确保土压平衡盾构在砂性地层中安全高效掘进的重要措施。目前盾构渣土常用的改良剂是泡沫剂,泡沫与砂性渣土混合后能有效降低刀盘扭矩、提高渣土的抗渗性。为研究盾构砂性渣土-泡沫混合物渗透性的影响因素,通过常水头渗透试验,从砂土级配、泡沫剂体积分数以及泡沫注入体积比3个方面分析混合物渗透系数的变化规律。结果显示： 1）混合物的渗透系数与等效粒径d20呈正相关变化; 2）随着时间的增加,混合物的渗透系数K20逐渐增加; 3）随着泡沫剂体积分数的增大,混合物的渗透系数先减小后增大; 4）当泡沫的注入体积比达到一定值时,混合物的渗透系数趋于稳定。     

普通公路车速分布特性影响因素分析

选取代表集中趋势的平均车速、15%位车速、85%位车速,代表离散程度的速度标准差作为车速分布特性的参数。结合4条普通公路速度调查结果,对道路因素、车辆因素、交通流因素与速度分布特性参数的关系进行了研究,通过实测统计数据图形的变化分析了各种因素对速度分布特性的影响。     

Incorporating human-factors in car-following models: A review of recent developments and research needs

Over the past decades there has been a considerable development in the modeling of car-following (CF) behavior as a result of research undertaken by both traffic engineers and traffic psychologists. While traffic engineers seek to understand the behavior of a traffic stream, traffic psychologists seek to describe the human abilities and errors involved in the driving process. This paper provides a comprehensive review of these two research streams.It is necessary to consider human-factors in CF modeling for a more realistic representation of CF behavior in complex driving situations (for example, in traffic breakdowns, crash-prone situations, and adverse weather conditions) to improve traffic safety and to better understand widely-reported puzzling traffic flow phenomena, such as capacity drop, stop-and-go oscillations, and traffic hysteresis. While there are some excellent reviews of CF models available in the literature, none of these specifically focuses on the human factors in these models.This paper addresses this gap by reviewing the available literature with a specific focus on the latest advances in car-following models from both the engineering and human behavior points of view. In so doing, it analyses the benefits and limitations of various models and highlights future research needs in the area.     

高速公路沥青路面平整度的影响因素

路面平整度是衡量高等级沥青路面质量的重要指标,平整度的改善和提高一直是道路施工中的一项关键技术。分析影响高速公路沥青路面平整度的因素并提出相应的对策,可以为指导高速公路沥青混凝土路面施工、确保沥青路面平整度达到高标准提供参考。     

沥青路面平整度的影响因素

通过对衢窑高速公路沥青路面的实地调查,找出影响沥青路面平整度的各种因素,并通过因果分析提出了相应对策.     

Empirical analysis of short period traffic counts and their efficiency: the case of Indian traffic

Short period traffic counts (SPTCs) are conducted routinely to estimate the annual average daily traffic (AADT) at a particular site. This paper uses Indian traffic volume data to methodically and extensively study the effect of four aspects related to the design of SPTCs. These four aspects are: (i) for how long, (ii) on which days should SPTCs be carried out, (iii) how many times, and (iv) on which months should SPTCs be carried out? The analyses indicate that the best durations for conducting SPTCs are 3 days (starting with a Thursday) and 7 days, for total traffic and truck traffic, respectively. Further, these counts should be repeated twice a year keeping a separation of two months between the counts to obtain good estimates of AADT at minimal cost. An additional outcome of this study has been the determination of seasonal factor values for roads in developing economies, like India.     

层次分析法在施工项目质量隐患分析中的应用

质量管理是施工项目管理的核心,质量隐患分析是质量控制的前提和重要环节。系统阐述层次分析法及其步骤,运用层次分析法对一个具体项目进行质量隐患分析,得出影响该项目质量的重点因素,为质量策划和质量控制提供依据。     

船闸闸室结构的船-墙碰撞三维有限元分析

以江苏某重力式船闸闸室结构为例,采用ABAQUS软件建立船舶-闸室结构-土体三维有限元模型,对船舶撞击闸室进行瞬态动力分析,得到不同工况下的撞击力时程曲线和撞击力值等结果。研究结果表明:船舶撞击闸室的法向平均撞击力大小与船舶排水量的12次方、撞击速度的1次方、撞击角度的1次方成线性关系;将软件模拟的船舶法向撞击力数值与依据JTJ 307—2001《船闸水工建筑物设计规范》得到的计算值比较,发现规范公式得到的数值普遍偏小,低估了过闸船舶撞击力的影响。