The role of the contact geometry in wheel–rail impact due to wheel flats: Part II

A classification of wheel flats according to the different stages of their growth is given, along with the characteristic features of the dynamic wheel–rail interaction for each category. Mathematical expressions and frequency spectra of the corresponding wheel mass trajectories are derived. Difference is made between the subcritical and the transcritical speed regime. A criterion is derived for contact loss for worn flats. Simulations show that the dynamic wheel–rail interaction is governed by the track stiffness for low train speeds or long flat lengths; for high speeds and/or short flat lengths the interaction is governed by the inertial properties of the wheel and the rail. For a given flat geometry, nonlinearities in the relationship between the impact magnitude and the train speed occur in the stiffness-dominated speed domain, whereas this relationship is approximately linear in the inertia-governed domain. In the latter domain, the impact magnitude is found to be linearly dependent upon the maximum trajectorial curvature or inversely linearly dependent on the minimum circumferential wheel tread curvature. The above relationships are valid for the subcritical speed regime, in which no contact loss occurs. Different contributions from the literature are compared with respect to the established relationship between impact magnitude and speed. Significant differences are found, due to insufficiently defined parameters and conditions. Conditions are derived for a consistent application of the so-called equivalent rail indentation in experiments with wheel flats, and the indirect strain registration method for measuring dynamic wheel–rail contact forces is reviewed.     

磁悬浮列车的涡流制动问题

介绍了磁悬浮列车制动的一般问题以及德国TR07磁悬浮列车中涡流装置的供电电源、制动装置、有关的计算与试验曲线。最后介绍了用“迎流”有限元法求解制动力的方法。     

简支梁桥上无缝道岔温度力与位移影响因素分析

将道岔、梁和墩台视为一个系统,建立简支梁桥上无缝道岔的有限元模型。根据变分原理和“对号入座”法则建立有限元方程组。以铺设一组43号道岔的18跨32 m混凝土简支梁桥为例,研究影响简支梁桥上无缝道岔受力与位移的因素,如支座布置形式、轨温变化幅度、梁温差、扣件阻力、道床阻力、限位器间隙、岔枕刚度、限位器位置、梁跨长度和桥墩刚度等。计算结果表明,简支梁桥上无缝道岔在温度荷载作用下,钢轨温度力在限位器处和限位器前梁端处同时出现两个峰值;与桥上无缝线路相比,桥上无缝道岔桥墩处的最大受力显著增大;当梁与导轨同向伸缩时,岔区内钢轨位移较大;限位器应布置在梁跨中部;限位器间隙对桥上无缝道岔的受力与位移有双重影响;岔区内钢轨的受力与位移随桥墩刚度增大而减小;岔区内采用较大的扣件阻力和道床阻力,岔区外采用较小的扣件阻力和道床阻力,可以降低钢轨附加温度力。     

波浪力作用下钢管桩施工平台随机动力响应分析

采用有限元分析程序提取了平台的各阶自振频率,以有效模态质量参与系数作为模态选择的依据,对随机波浪力作用下考虑结构与水耦合的的动力响应进行计算,并分析了附连水质量及动水阻尼对结构随机动力响应的影响。通过施工平台静、动力计算结果的比较,建议在进行施工平台的设计时,应充分考虑到波浪力的动力效应。     

THE DETECTION OF P53 GENE IN HUMAN CERVICAL CARCINOMA WITH AND WITHOUT HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION

ＴＨＥＤＥＴＥＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＰ５３ＧＥＮＥＩＮＨＵＭＡＮＣＥＲＶＩＣＡＬＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＷＩＴＨＡＮＤＷＩＴＨＯＵＴＨＵＭＡＮＰＡＰＩＬＬＯＭＡＶＩＲＵＳＩＮＦＥＣＴＩＯＮＳｕｎＹｉ（孙毅）；ＳｉＬｕｓｈｅｎｇ（司履生）ＳｕｎＹｉ；ＳｉＬｕｓｈｅｎ...     

Analysis of the slowly varying drift force on a very large floating structure in multidirectional random seas

In designing the mooring system of a very large floating structure (VLFS), it is essential to estimate the slowly varying drift force in random seas. For a small vessel, Hsu's method or Newman's approximation may be used to simulate this slowly varying drift force. However, based on experiments and/or field observations, it was found that the slowly varying drift force acting on a VLFS could be reduced to a great extent from the simulated values based on those methods. Thus, the conventional methods are not applicable for a VLFS. This discovery led to the development of several methods for estimating the slowly varying drift force on a VLFS, e.g., Namba et al. (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 186:235–242, 1999), and Shimada and Maruyama (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 190:347–351, 2001). However, Namba's method is only applicable to a pontoon-type VLFS with a shallow draft, and Shimada's method is too simplified to account for the general shape of a VLFS and elastic deformation. These methods have been expanded in this article, and by our proposed method, any shape of VLFS and the effect of elastic deformation of the VLFS can be included. Formulations and several numerical examples are given.     

自重荷载作用下悬索静力解析解

从悬索微元体平衡出发,分别推导以悬索张力分量、索长等为参变量,考虑和不考虑悬索自重集度变化的两种悬索解析式。通过比较发现,去掉悬索伸长影响项,就可直接由考虑悬索自重集度变化的解析式缩减到不考虑其变化的解析式。在用索长表达的解析式中,考虑悬索自重集度变化时对应无应力索长,不考虑悬索自重集度变化时对应有应力索长。算例假定斜拉索梁端张力的竖向分量为已知,按以上两种情况,分别建立以悬索张力的水平分量和塔端张力的竖向分量为未知数的非线性方程组,用拟牛顿法求解,得到悬索未知参数的精确解析解。     

拱管桥结构分析

该文结合通州市区域供水东线工程—运石河拱管桥工程设计实例,对拱管桥的内力计算、强度验算及稳定性分析作全面详尽的论述。此外利用M IDAS/CIVIL软件建立该桥计算模型,计算和分析了各工况下拱管桥的受力情况。其分析结果可供工程设计和施工部门参考和借鉴。     

地铁小半径曲线钢轨波磨影响因素分析

针对地铁线路普遍存在的钢轨磨耗现象,从轮轨蠕滑力和磨耗功率的角度研究地铁小半径曲线钢轨波磨问题,并利用多体动力学软件SIMPACK建立车辆-轨道动力学耦合模型对地铁曲线地段上车辆运行速度和曲线半径对轮轨磨耗的影响进行动力仿真计算和分析。分析计算结果表明:车辆运营速度不宜过低,为降低轮轨磨耗、保证行车安全及运力需求,最高运营速度定为60～70 km/h为宜;曲线半径对钢轨磨耗功率影响较大,在符合城市规划等决定因素的要求下地铁线路曲线半径尽量大于500 m,可以实现良好的运行效果。     

大跨度半刚性站台雨棚结构设计与分析

以长春站无站台柱雨棚为工程背景,对大跨度半刚性站台雨棚的结构选型、整体计算及非线性分析进行介绍,提出拉索与雨棚柱的合理夹角、拉索的初始力是该类半刚性风雨棚设计的关键,并应用SAP2000有限元软件进行数值对比分析,得出合理夹角范围及初始力。