Empirical model of the wake-induced lift force on a cylinder with low mass ratio

The vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) of two flexible circular cylinders in a tandem configuration were studied numerically for spacing ratios ranging from 6 to 18 and the reduced velocities ranging from 2.35 to 12.59. The VIV response amplitude, response frequency, fluid force, pressure distribution and vortex structure of the tandem cylinders with different spacing ratios under different reduced velocities were compared. The results indicate that there is a great difference between the lift forces on the downstream and upstream cylinders. The lift coefficient of the downstream cylinder undergoing the wake-induced vibrations (WIV) is larger than that of the upstream cylinder, and the dominant frequency curves of the lift coefficients of the upstream and downstream cylinders separate. It can be found that the length and intensity of the wake are quite different under different reduced velocities and spacing ratios, and the reattachment positions between the wake and the downstream cylinder are different, which leads to a great change in the flow around the downstream cylinder and have a great effect on the wake-induced lift force on the downstream cylinder. Considering these factors, an empirical model for the wake-induced lift force on a cylinder with low mass ratio was proposed and verified.     

舰载刚性充气艇整船结构强度有限元分析

基于通用有限元软件Patran/Nastran,采用层合板单元模拟"三明治"夹芯结构;依据滑行艇艇体外载荷的简化计算法确定艇体所受的砰击载荷,并借助Adams软件建立机枪虚拟模型得出机枪射击时的最大作用力。根据艇体所受的砰击载荷和机枪在不同射击角度时的作用力,确定3种工况,计算分析舰载刚性充气艇在不同工况下的受力情况。结果显示,文章采用的分析方法和提出的建议可为舰载刚性充气艇的结构设计提供参考。     

新型重力式箱肋结构设计

依托汉班托塔港二期项目的干地施工条件,提出一种新型的箱肋式结构。针对结构各组件功能、计算模式、受力特性及计算结果进行研究。采用ANSYS软件计算得出各构件内力,并就此结构内力特性与常规沉箱结构的差异进行分析。结果表明:新型箱肋式结构既有沉箱结构整体性好的优点,又有扶壁结构低成本优势,同时后续施工速度更快。     

中高水头船闸平面阀门空化与启闭解决方案

平面阀门是船闸常用的输水门型,在中高水头作用下,阀门门楣、底缘和门槽容易产生气蚀空化现象,阀门启闭机吊杆也容易受压失稳。基于输水模型试验,采用自然通气法,解决了门楣、底缘和轨道气蚀问题。门体背板错位开孔并保留"∧"形力流通道,满足自然通气,同时提升了门体强度与刚度、避免形成浮箱,保证了主滚轮及侧止水的安装。利用顶止水后设置尼龙块,延长了顶止水脱离门楣的时间,防止顶部水流过早出现与底部水流干涉,减小压力脉动降低声振。通过底止水上游面设置,降低闭门时的上托力,在不设置配重的情况下,确保启闭机吊杆始终受拉;避免了吊杆受压失稳,以较小启闭力实现阀门的正常运行。     

水面小尺度漂浮平台动力学响应分析

针对由弹性连接件形成的多浮体系统,基于修正的莫里森公式应用微元法推导了主平台和浮囊的受力模型,建立了水面小尺度漂浮平台的动力学方程,并分析了连接件刚度和浮囊直径对主平台幅值运动响应的影响。通过仿真和试验结果对比验证了理论模型的正确性。结果表明,连接件刚度对主平台幅值运动响应的影响远大于浮囊直径,主平台的幅值响应随连接件刚度呈"W"变化,最优的连接件刚度为40×10~4N/m;主平台的幅值响应随浮囊直径呈微弱增长,最优的浮囊直径为2.5 m。研究结果可为水面小尺度漂浮平台的弹性连接件和浮囊参数的设计提供依据。     

某重卡公司自卸车转向横拉杆强度校核

本文分析了某自卸车横拉杆的受力，通过计算横拉杆的临界力以及受到的最大压力，校核其安全系数，进而指出使用环境恶劣是横拉杆弯曲变形的重要原因。     

曲线区段线索张力变化对吊弦计算的影响

通过分析曲线线路上影响承力索张力变化的因素,得出了张力差公式,进而对吊弦计算中承力索张力值进行控制,以提高吊弦计算精确度。     

磁悬浮列车U型悬浮电磁铁电磁力的数值计算与分析

应用电磁场分析软件对常导磁悬浮列车U型悬浮电磁铁的各种电磁力进行数值计算，分析悬浮电磁铁的气隙，水平错位及侧滚角对悬浮力，导向力，侧滚力矩的影响，并将结果与解析计算进行比较，所求得的电磁铁受力结构能为悬浮控制系统和导向控制系统的设计提供准确的设计参数，为磁悬浮转向架抗侧滚梁的优化设计提供可靠的数据。     

INFLUENCE OF SURFACE MORPHOLOGY ON THE MICROHARDNESS OF ELECTROLESS Ni-B DEPOSIT REVEALED BY AFM OBSERVATION

Introduction　　 Electroless Ni- B alloy has many advantagessuch as superior hardness,excellent wear- resis-tance and some special electrical and magneticproperties[1,2 ] . It can be prepared with eitherDimethylamineborane( DMAB) or sodium borohy-dride as reductant[3 ,4] .The deposits with lowerboron contentwhich are mainly applied to electron-ic industry[5] are prepared by DMAB.While sodi-um borohydride can bring about higher boron con-tent deposits which are chiefly used as wear- resis-…     

Prediction method of hydrodynamic forces acting on the hull of a blunt-body ship in the even keel condition

The mathematical modeling group (MMG) model is well known and is widely used in the field of ship maneuverability. However, the MMG model can be applied only after determination of the hydrodynamic coefficients either from comprehensive captive model tests or from general empirical data. Around the cruising speed, when a ship's drift angle is relatively small, several methods have been developed to predict hydrodynamic coefficients from the ship's principal particulars, e.g., Kijima's method. Kijima's method is efficient in predicting the ship's maneuverability at the initial design stage and is even able to assess the effect of changes in stern design. Similarly, for the low speed range when a ship's drift angle is relatively large, several methods for predicting the ship's hydrodynamic coefficients have been proposed, based on captive model tests, such as those by Kose, Kobayashi, and Yumuro. However, most of the methods developed for low speeds cannot be applied to general ship types without additional experiments being performed. In contrast, Karasuno's method uses theoretical and empirical approaches to predict the hydrodynamic forces, even for large drift motions. Although Karasuno's model utilizes the ship's principal particulars and is applicable to a general vessel, it has not been widely used. This is because the form of Karasuno's model is relatively complicated and its accuracy around the cruising speed is less than that for other methods that have been specifically developed for the cruising speed range. A practical method for predicting hydrodynamic forces for the entire operating speed range of blunt-body ships is proposed in this article. It is based on the MMG model and predicts hydrodynamic coefficients based on a ship's principal particulars. A regression model for the proposed method has also been proposed by analyzing 21 different blunt-body ships. Finally, simulations of a very large 4-m crude carrier (VLCC) model using the proposed method were carried out and the results compared with free-running experiments (both at the cruising speed and at low speeds) to validate the efficacy of the model.