Nearshore Restoration in Puget Sound: Understanding Stakeholder Values and Potential Coalitions

Restoration of nearshore ecosystems presents many challenges for stakeholder involvement. Using surveys and interviews we examined stakeholder values, preferences, and potential coalitions surrounding nearshore restoration in the Whidbey sub-basin of Puget Sound. Most stakeholders in our study believe that Puget Sound nearshore problems are severe and urgent, and that it is worth investing in restoration. They do not agree on the causes of nearshore degradation, yet support stronger regulatory enforcement and increased public ownership as possible solutions to nearshore problems. Five potential stakeholder coalitions were identified based on shared values. These values reflect a varied spectrum of support for public sector solutions to nearshore problems and were labeled: No Government Intervention, Property Rights, Private Land Stewardship, Protect Undeveloped Areas, and Large Scale Restoration. The potential coalitions identified confirm the Advocacy Coalition Framework hypothesis that coalition members who share values do not necessarily share stakeholder demographics or preferences. This study demonstrates one method for understanding local stakeholders, and will help managers direct project resources, planning, and management, through reliance on both stakeholder and scientific input. In addition, managers can use information about stakeholder values and potential coalitions to more effectively frame communication products and stakeholder involvement activities.     

Evaluation of manatee habitat systems on the northwestern Florida coast

Abstract

Threats to the survival of West Indian manatees (Trichechus manatus) vary throughout their range so that protection of this endangered species requires careful planning on a regional and local basis. The importance and vulnerability of various components of manatee habitats in the Crystal River area of northwestern Florida were assessed, using an ordinal‐combination mapping technique similar to procedures practiced in urban and regional planning. Habitat components were mapped and evaluated in juxtaposition with relevant characteristics of human use of the area, to identify areas of existing and potential manatee/human conflicts in need of reconciliation. Areas evaluated as the most important manatee habitats within this region include Crystal Bay and River, Homosassa River, and the Suwannee River estuary. Existing overlap of human activities with important manatee habitats is most critical near the urban communities of Crystal River and, to a lesser degree, Homosassa Springs. The need for integration of this ecological information into coastal land‐use planning is discussed.     

海河综合开发工程开启桥的修复与加固

该文主要介绍了天津市海河综合开发工程桥梁建设中既有开启桥梁的情况。金汤桥为我国目前现存唯一的一座平转式开启桥梁,解放桥为现存唯一一座双叶立转式开启桥。这两座桥梁的意义已经不仅仅局限于结构本身所代表的技术,更在于其作为天津的城市象征,突出体现了它们所独有的历史和文物价值。按照天津市海河综合开发工程总体规划要求,从满足使用功能、传承历史文化、突出建筑景观等方面出发,对天津海河上既有开启桥梁进行修复与加固。     

半干旱区高速公路路域生态恢复工程植物多样性特征

针对半干旱区降水少、气候干燥、生态恢复困难等问题,以地处半干旱区的山东济青南线济南至莱芜高速公路为研究对象,通过路域生态植物实地调查与统计分析,可将路域植物种类数目排序为域外草本植物〉路域木本植物〉路域草本植物〉域外木本植物;根据不同路域区段的物种数、丰富度、多样性、信息量和均匀度等多种指数的统计、计算,结果表明路域草本植物变化程度较小、灌草植物均匀度和信息量都较高,中间路段植物综合丰富度较高,并且乔灌木的多样性受人为再造的影响较大。     

张崇段沿线弃渣场生态工程建设方案

对河北省张崇段沿线永久占地的弃土（渣）场生态环境进行科学的评估和分析,针对不同的地理位置、环境、气候及植被生长情况,提出合理的生态恢复建议。     

现代城市河道综合治理与生态恢复

在城市化的进程中,由于城市规划及建设的各种弊端,河道生态系统受到了巨大的破坏,对河道景观产生了极大的负面影响。该文介绍了国内外治理河道的理念,指出了传统河道治理中的教训,并提出了河道治理中需深入研究和探索的问题。     

光缆在线监测系统中数据库备份与恢复的设计

针对采用Oracle数据库的光缆在线监测系统数据备份与恢复,提出一整套完整策略,用于保证光缆在线监测系统的数据安全,当系统崩溃时能够进行快速有效的恢复,将损失降低到最小.     

Elastic response characteristics of a very large floating structure in waves moored inside a reef

 This article describes the results of hydraulic model tests of the elastic response of a very large floating structure (VLFS) moored inside a reef in an isolated island. The distributions of strains and vertical displacements due to the elastic response of the VLFS were measured. The response characteristics were strongly affected by deformed nonlinear waves inside the reef. A two-step analytical method to compute the elastic response of a VLFS is proposed, and its validity is verified using the results of the hydraulic model tests. Received: May 2, 2002 / Accepted: March 17, 2003 RID="*" ID="*" Address correspondence to: S. Shiraishi (shiraishi@pari.go.jp) Acknowledgment. This study was supported by the Program for Promotions of Fundamental Transport Technology Research from the Corporation for Advanced Transport and Technology (CATT).     

高速公路边坡植被恢复效果研究

对采用厚层基材喷附技术建植的太原环城高速路护坡植被进行了为期4年的植物群落生态学跟踪调查,以评价该技术的应用效果。结果表明:1)禾草和豆科植物混合播种,坡面覆盖效果优于由纯禾草或者纯豆科植物构成的群落;2)护坡群落的变化表现出向当地自然群落的趋同,有利于护坡植物群落最终实现结构稳定;3)植物盖度以及禾草与豆科植物比例是两个较好在评价指标,前者能够有效反映植被的坡面防护效果,后者则能够反映植物根系固土能力和护坡植被长期稳定的可能性;4)灌木物种后期生长不良,灌-草比例和建植结构有待改进。     

高速公路绿化若干问题的探讨

应用生态绿化和生态恢复的基本原理,分析了高速公路的绿化问题。研究认为,目前国内在高速公路景观绿化、植物系统的结构、外来物种和挖方边坡绿化等方面存在认识的误区。指出生态功能是高速公路绿化的基本功能,高速公路景观绿化必须服从生态恢复的基本规律,保证植物系统在物种结构、时空结构和营养结构上的异质性;提出外来物种的引种应遵循限制性原则;挖方边坡绿化设计应遵循边坡稳定、水土保持、自然恢复、条件适应和景观协调的原则。高速公路绿化景观与交通功能的评价应充分考虑绿化的动态效应,对于局部特殊路段应通过动态视觉分析验证设计的绿化效果。