An integrated control strategy for the composite braking system of an electric vehicle with independently driven axles

For an electric vehicle with independently driven axles, an integrated braking control strategy was proposed to coordinate the regenerative braking and the hydraulic braking. The integrated strategy includes three modes, namely the hybrid composite mode, the parallel composite mode and the pure hydraulic mode. For the hybrid composite mode and the parallel composite mode, the coefficients of distributing the braking force between the hydraulic braking and the two motors' regenerative braking were optimised offline, and the response surfaces related to the driving state parameters were established. Meanwhile, the six-sigma method was applied to deal with the uncertainty problems for reliability. Additionally, the pure hydraulic mode is activated to ensure the braking safety and stability when the predictive failure of the response surfaces occurs. Experimental results under given braking conditions showed that the braking requirements could be well met with high braking stability and energy regeneration rate, and the reliability of the braking strategy was guaranteed on general braking conditions.     

颗粒捕集器喷油助燃再生旋流式燃烧器流场特性分析

颗粒捕集器喷油助燃再生燃烧器内的流场分布对气流组织及油气混合有重要影响,而供风形式是燃烧器内流场特性的主要影响因素之一.为了在燃烧室内形成稳定持续的回流,促进油气混合进程,分别采用双矩形口切向供风和直片式轴向旋流器供风两种供气形式,设计等入口截面面积的两种供风系统结构,并在相同发动机排气和补气条件下对燃烧器冷流场进行仿真分析.分析结果表明,两种供风形式均能形成可回流到油气混合室端面的中心回流区,轴向旋流器供风时的中心回流区的长度、最大回流速度、突扩位置的重附着区长度分别比双矩形口切向供风时大8.11%,5.63%和9.59%,且轴向旋流器供风时的湍动能大于双矩形口切向供风.对比结果显示,利用轴向旋流器供风更有利于促进混合过程的进行,对气流的组织更合理.     

柴油机DOC+CDPF系统的过滤和再生性能试验研究

基于氧化催化转化器(DOC)+催化型颗粒捕集器(CDPF)系统开展了发动机台架试验,对比系统前后的颗粒物粒径分布,获得了系统的过滤效率,同时也测量了该系统在各稳态工况下的再生效率.研究结果表明:该系统对颗粒物的过滤效率在发动机的各个工况均能达到95%以上;系统前的颗粒物数量浓度呈单峰分布,主要为核模态;系统后颗粒物数量浓度呈双峰分布,峰值分别在10 nm和150 nm左右,且10 nm左右波峰峰值最大;再生效率随着再生温度的升高呈上升趋势,测试系统的起燃温度在250℃以下;再生效率均随着再生时间的增加而增加,但在再生后期明显变缓;在较高的再生温度时,颗粒担载量增大将有利于提高再生速率.     

柴油机微粒捕集器再生系统工作模式判别研究

在发动机急变工况下,喷油助燃+柴油机氧化催化转化器(DOC)微粒再生方式需对喷油助燃装置工作模式进行判断,降低能耗并增加再生系统稳定性。对一种采用滤波方式判断喷油助燃装置工作模式的方法进行台架试验和仿真,介绍了利用低通滤波进行工作模式判别的原理,分析了DOC对工作判别的影响,得到判别温度区和时间常数范围。     

Computational study on the effects of volume ratio of DOC/DPF and catalyst loading on the PM and NOx emission control for heavy-duty diesel engines

The use of a diesel particulate filter (DPF) in a diesel aftertreatment system has proven to be an effective and efficient method for removing particulate matter (PM) in order to meet more stringent emission regulations without hurting engine performance. One of the favorable PM regeneration technologies is the NO₂-assisted regeneration method due to the capability of continuous regeneration of PM under a much lower temperature than that of thermal regeneration. In the present study, the thermal behavior of the monolith during regeneration and the conversion efficiency of NO₂ from NO with an integrated exhaust system of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and DPF have been predicted by one-channel numerical simulation. The simulation results of the DOC, DPF, and integrated DOC-DPF models are compared with experimental data to verify the accuracy of the present model for the integrated DOC and DPF modeling. The effects of catalyst loading inside the DOC and the volume ratio between the DOC and DPF on the pressure drop, the conversion efficiency, and the oxidation rate of PM, have been numerically investigated. The results indicate that the case of the volume ratio of ‘DOC/DPF=1.5’ within the same diameter of both monoliths produced close to the maximum conversion efficiency and oxidation rate of PM. Under the engine operating condition of 175 kW at 2200 rpm, 100% load with a displacement of 8.1, approximately 55 g/ft³ of catalyst (Pt) loading inside the DOC with the active Pt surface of 5.3 m²/g_pt was enough to maximize the conversion efficiency and oxidation rate of PM.     

Control of energy regeneration for electric vehicle

To extend electric vehicle (EV) running distance, the vehicle energy regeneration (ER) method and vehicle control strategy were designed based on the original vehicle braking system. The ER principle of direct current (DC) brushless motor was studied, the motor mathematical model and PI control method with torque close-loop were built. This control method was applied to pure EV and the real road tests were evaluated.The ER control does not make any significant uncomfortable influence brake feeling and can save about 10% battery energy based on 3 times economic commission for Europe (ECE) driving cycles.     

旧沥青混合料再生技术在修补路面坑槽中的应用

介绍了旧沥青混合料再生技术的先进性、施工工艺的简便性、经济实用性和发展前景。     

水泥稳定冷再生混合料配比设计的试验研究

通过对以水泥为添加剂的冷再生混合料配比设计的试验研究,得出水泥稳定混合料的最佳配比,对于指导设计和施工具有积极的意义。     

离子交换铵盐再生工艺试验研究

在用离子交换剂对低压锅炉炉外补水进行处理时,采用NH4Cl一种再生剂顺序再生阴阳两种离子交换树脂.实验结果表明:在节约再生剂的同时,对实验用水处理后水的硬度降至0.03mol/L以下,含盐量降低约8%,炉水在加热过程中含盐量进一步降低44%,碱度降低83%.