浅议建立船舶载运危险货物长效管理机制

文中通过对辖区危险货物运输、作业现状和发展趋势的分析，明确了辖区危险货物监管重点，提出了建立辖区船载危险货物监督长效管理机制的构想。     

基于ADAMS与HyperWorks发动机前悬置支架的强度分析

利用Hypermesh生成发动机前悬置上支架的柔性体文件,在ADAMS中建立发动机前悬置的刚柔耦合的多体动力学模型,并输出载荷。运用惯性释放法分别研究了在垂直冲击、转弯、制动、倒车四种工况下前悬置上支架的强度,验证前悬置支架是否满足强度设计要求以及方案的可行性,对新产品的设计和开发有一定的指导作用。     

危险货物管理体系及思考

文中分析整理了国内危险货物管理体系,理清了危险货物物流链上各环节的监管情况,并从海事管理者的角度总揽危险货物监管全局,指出了现阶段存在的主要问题,给出了切实可行的解决方案。文章最后本着建设服务型政府的理念和促进综合运输体系发展的思路,对危险货物领域的法规重构提出了建议。     

危险品物流园区消防设施与总平面关系

针对危险品仓储物流园区内数以千计种危险品,论述危险品内危险品在装箱堆场、危险品拆装箱场地和危险品仓库内的布置原则及采取的消防措施,研究常见危险品最广泛采用的3种消防灭火剂,提出灭火剂相应的消防设施与总平面的关系。通过工程实例,明确危险品集装箱堆场、危险品拆装箱场地和危险品仓库的布置方法,为危险品物流园区平面和消防安全设计提供借鉴。     

虚拟支撑力法数值模拟技术的应用

文章结合湖南雪峰山特长公路隧道的工程实践,根据隧道开挖过程中地应力随施工工序逐步释放的真实过程,基于有限元计算程序,运用“施加虚拟支撑力法”进行适当的开发,对隧道开挖过程进行数值模拟研究,获得了对隧道围岩应力形变场一种快捷准确的认识思路,不仅能更好的符合工程实际,也为隧道开挖过程的数值模拟研究提供了一种思路和方法。     

铁路危险货物运输自动配装技术的研究

分析影响危险货物运输安全的各种要素,研究危险货物配装表、危险货物配装经验的规则提炼和一阶谓词逻辑描述.在此基础上,提出一种基于多Agent系统的分布式专家系统,包括基于框架和产生式规则的混合知识库设计以及基于多Agent的竞争、协同优化配装系统实现.研究表明,多Agent自动配装专家系统能够有效组织、管理和运用危险贷物运输自动配装的启发式知识,显著提高配装效率,降低配装作业技术要求,具有较高的实用价值.     

全路危险货物运输计算机监管系统

利用跨越式发展的理念和分布式计算、网络通讯、网络安全、数据库、数据挖掘等技术设计了全路危险货物运输计算机监管系统的网络拓扑架构, 构建了基于审核的危险货物运输流程管理、基于认证与授权的运输责任审核功能体系与危险货物配装与仓储布局的数学模型。应用结果表明统一的全路危险货物运输计算机监管系统为危险品的运输安全提供了保障。     

Age related annual crash incidence rate ratios in professional drivers of heavy goods vehicles

ObjectivesEvidence concerning crash risk for older heavy vehicle drivers is sparse, making it difficult to assess if it is prudent to encourage older drivers to remain in the workforce in a climate of labour shortages. The objective of this study was to estimate annual crash rate ratios of older male heavy vehicle drivers relative to their middle aged peers.MethodsData utilized in this study includes all crashes meeting inclusion criteria involving heavy goods vehicles, categorised as rigid trucks and articulated trucks; this data was recorded by the New South Wales Roads and Traffic Authority. The exposure to the risk of a crash was represented by distance travelled for each vehicle type and year, by age of driver, as estimated by the Australian Survey of Motor Vehicle Use. Negative binomial regression modelling was applied to estimate annual crash incidence rate ratios for male drivers in various age groups.ResultsA total of 26,146 crashes occurred in New South Wales during 1999–2006, involving a total of 54,191 vehicles; removing observations that did not meet the inclusion criteria, 19,736 observations remained representing 12,501 crashes. For rigid trucks, the incidence rate ratio for drivers aged 65+ years, compared to 45–54 year olds, was 0.74 (95% CI 0.51, 0.98). For articulated trucks, the annual crash incidence rate ratio for drivers aged 65+ years compared to 45–54 year olds was 1.4 (95% CI 0.96, 1.9), and that for drivers aged 55–64 years compared to 45–54 year olds was 1.1 (95% CI 0.83, 1.3).ConclusionsOlder male professional drivers of heavy goods vehicles have lower risk of crashes in rigid vehicles, possibly due to accrued driving experience and self-selection of healthy individuals remaining in the workforce. Thus, encouraging these drivers to remain in the workforce is appropriate in the climate of labour shortages, as this study provides evidence that to do so would not endanger road safety.     

A three-dimensional risk management model of port logistics for hazardous goods

ABSTRACT

Ports are the distribution centers of hazardous goods in the global transportation system. Once hazardous goods accidents occur in ports, they may cause catastrophic losses to humans and the environment. This research investigates the port logistics risks of hazardous goods and provides an overview of port logistics regarding hazardous goods risks. With this investigation, we conducted a detailed analysis of the underlying causes of the port logistics accidents related to hazardous goods. To manage these risks, this article proposes a three-dimensional risk management model that includes human, governance and goods and provides a risk level identification framework for port hazardous goods logistics. Applying the three-dimensional risk management model, we use the Tianjin port explosion as a case study. Finally, we provide several potential preventative measures to prevent such accidents. The findings of this article contribute to the implementation and monitoring of port strategies that will allow for more sustainable and secure development.     

高黎贡山隧道破碎地层TBM施工技术与应对方法研究

为解决大瑞铁路高黎贡山隧道出口段岩石破碎地质影响TBM施工的问题,针对掌子面前方破碎围岩,提出掌子面前方化学灌浆加固、小导洞开挖及超前管棚等方法联合帮助TBM脱困,同时提出护盾向前延伸、刮渣口限粒板加密的TBM设备改进应对方法; 针对破碎围岩露出护盾后易塌落问题,提出隧道顶部加强初期支护和化学灌浆、隧道腰部立模灌浆、隧道底部机械化清渣的应对方法。现场实践表明： 采用上述方法,有效降低了TBM在破碎地层掘进刀盘被卡的风险,即使刀盘被卡也能在可控的时间内及时脱困; 同时还有效提高了TBM通过破碎地层的施工速度。