挤密砂桩施工远程自动监控系统设计

为了提高砂桩成桩质量和施工效率,研制一套砂桩施工自动化监控系统并进行现场应用,包括砂桩沉管行程自动监控系统、桩机电流监控系统以及远程监控系统。实测结果表明:行程监控系统可精确记录沉管下沉、上提和反插距离;电流监控系统可实时反映沉桩电流变化,通过行程和电流监控结果对比,电流监控可反映沉桩地层变化和反插效果;行程和电流数据可通过远程监控实时显示和记录。该套系统的研制可实现砂桩成桩精细化管理、解放现场监管人力,提高施工效率。     

一种内河船舶吃水检测系统设计

船舶在通过船闸和升船机等通航设施时因超吃水会导致安全事故,目前常见的船舶吃水检测方法均存在弊端,无法满足检测需求。结合超声波衍射原理,设计一种基于侧扫单波束阵列的吃水检测系统,详细介绍该系统的组成及功能,并在葛洲坝船闸进行安装和测试。结果表明,该系统具有水质适应性强、易于安装、维护方便等优点,能够有效检测船舶动态吃水,测量值与实际核实吃水值的标准差小于0. 086 m,对过闸船舶具有一定的预警作用。     

一种基于无人机倾斜摄影的三维路网提取方法

三维路网是重要的基础地理信息数据,为了快速高效地获取包括路网在内的地表三维模型,可以采用无人机倾斜摄影技术,并设计相应的三维路网提取方法。在对无人机倾斜摄影三维模型、道路特性分析的基础上,提出一种基于无人机倾斜摄影的三维路网提取方法。首先,对无人机倾斜摄影和三维建模方法进行了分析,设计了针对三维路网提取的航空摄影策略和数据处理流程。分析了真实三维模型的构成,并结合道路在材质、形态等方面的特殊性提出了可用于道路提取的三维模型特征。然后,以三维模型中的三角面片为处理对象,开展了相关分割方法研究,消除存在混合地物的面片。利用支持向量机方法和面片的多种特征,进行了道路面片识别。最后,设计了道路面片三维连接方法和道路边缘三维修正方法,实现了面片间的连接以及道路边缘的有效修正。此外,还以北京某地区为例开展实际数据采集、三维建模和三维路网提取试验,介绍了倾斜摄影、控制点验证点数据采集以及三维模型的采集和生产过程;利用所提出的方法进行路网提取试验,得到了该区域的三维路网数据成果,并从定性和定量2个角度对成果进行评价。试验结果表明：所提出的方法可以有效地从倾斜摄影三维模型上提取路网信息,其平面和高程的精度均可满足一般导航等应用的要求。     

水平定向钻数据采集及远程监控系统研究

文中针对油气长输管道水平定向钻施工,研发了数据采集及远程监控系统。通过数据采集装置将钻机施工中的关键数据进行实时采集、处理和远程无线传输,由手机APP进行远程监控,实现了工程项目的远程管理,预测后续施工中可能出现的问题,降低施工风险,提高施工效率。     

高密度电法在某铁路隧道检测中的应用

文章以京包线旗下营隧道工程为例,通过比较高密度电法与地质雷达法酮优劣,提出采用高密度电法进行隧道病害检测,并总结了在应用高密度电法前应进行的准备工作,阐述了高密度电算法在现场检测时的具体操作方法和注意事项。     

埋地管道防腐层破损点检测技术综合应用研究

对防腐层完整性检测尤其是对防腐层破损点的精确定位,及对检出大、中面积破损点开挖修补,是确保土壤跟管道的有效绝缘、提高阴极保护效果的关键。文中分析了常用埋地钢质管道防腐层破损点检测技术特点,结合现场检测实践,综合应用多种技术,能有效检测埋地钢质管道防腐层破损点。根据测量数据可以判断破损点大小以及是否开挖修理,在管道安全运行及检测的经济性之间寻找结合点。     

一种新型在线长输管道管体检测技术

文中介绍一种以磁应力为原理的检测技术,即磁力断层摄影检测技术.该技术是一种非接触式的被动检测技术,可以检测出长输管道管体各类型缺陷.首先简单阐述了检测原理,其次详细说明了执行一次检测的全流程工作步骤,以及各步骤的工作内容,然后简要介绍了其独特的经验性计算MAOP和剩余寿命的公式,接着以实际试点检测工作为例,说明了该技术的可行性,最后指明了该技术的优缺点.     

Probabilistic multi-aircraft conflict detection approach for trajectory-based operation

Conflict detection (CD) is one of the key functions used to ensure air transport safety and efficiency. In trajectory-based operation (TBO), aircraft are provided with more flexibility in en route trajectory planning and more responsibility for self-separation. The high flexibility in trajectory planning enables random changes in pilot intent, thus increasing the uncertainty in trajectory prediction and CD. This study proposes a novel probabilistic CD approach for TBO in which the uncertainty of pilot intent is taken into account by quantifying the aircraft reachable domain constrained by the flight plan. First, a probabilistic model for aircraft trajectory prediction is developed using the truncated Brownian bridge method. Based on this model, a novel conflict probability estimation method is developed. Finally, the performance of the proposed probabilistic CD approach is demonstrated through an illustrative air traffic scenario.     

Assessing the impact of reduced visibility on traffic crash risk using microscopic data and surrogate safety measures

Due to the difficulty of obtaining accurate real-time visibility and vehicle based traffic data at the same time, there are only few research studies that addressed the impact of reduced visibility on traffic crash risk. This research was conducted based on a new visibility detection system by mounting visibility sensor arrays combined with adaptive learning modules to provide more accurate visibility detections. The vehicle-based detector, Wavetronix SmartSensor HD, was installed at the same place to collect traffic data. Reduced visibility due to fog were selected and analyzed by comparing them with clear cases to identify the differences based on several surrogate measures of safety under different visibility classes. Moreover, vehicles were divided into different types and the vehicles in different lanes were compared in order to identify whether the impact of reduced visibility due to fog on traffic crash risk varies depending on vehicle types and lanes. Log-Inverse Gaussian regression modeling was then applied to explore the relationship between time to collision and visibility together with other traffic parameters. Based on the accurate visibility and traffic data collected by the new visibility and traffic detection system, it was concluded that reduced visibility would significantly increase the traffic crash risk especially rear-end crashes and the impact on crash risk was different for different vehicle types and for different lanes. The results would be helpful to understand the change in traffic crash risk and crash contributing factors under fog conditions. We suggest implementing the algorithms in real-time and augmenting it with ITS measures such as VSL and DMS to reduce crash risk.     

基于GPS和GSM的清管器智能跟踪系统

为了在清管施工中实时跟踪清管器,设计一种基于GPS系统和GSM通信系统的智能清管器跟踪系统,系统包括发射机、中继器和监控系统。发射机搭载在清管器上持续发射电磁信号和静磁信号,中继器预先埋设在设定的跟踪点接收和转发通过信息;清管器通过跟踪点时,中继器接收发射机发出的信号,精确识别出清管器并将通过时间和跟踪点GPS位置信息通过GSM网络发送至监控系统;监控系统接收到信息后,在监控界面地图上实时显示通过位置和通过时间。清管器卡堵时,系统可及时在地图上指示卡堵区间和到达卡堵现场路径。现场应用表明:该系统实现了清管器智能跟踪,通过时间和通过位置记录精确,降低清管施工中安全风险,节约成本。