不同布桩形式对桥墩地震响应的影响

该文结合典型工程实例,对五种不同的桩基布置形式建立有限元模型,分析不同布桩形式对桥墩地震内力的影响。在水平地震荷载作用下,增加桩基的刚度和数量不一定能改善桥墩受力,需要在顺桥向和横桥向分别输入地震波综合考虑桥墩地震响应,从而得到合理的桩基布置。     

北京地铁区间隧道马头门工程综合施工技术

地铁隧道马头门既是隧道结构的薄弱环节,也是工程施工过程中结构受力转换的关键环节。在马头门施工过程中应采取有效措施,避免开设马头门时出现拱顶坍塌等工程事故。通过总结北京地铁区间隧道马头门工程施工经验,分析了工程地质及水文条件、周边环境、施工竖井设置位置等因素对地铁区间隧道马头门工程施工风险的影响,系统地总结了降低马头门工程风险的综合施工技术措施。     

基于ANSYS的半挂车车架动态分析

车架可靠性对整车的安全性有着重要的作用。为了获得车架的动态特性,运用SOLIDWORKS建立某半挂车车架有限元模型,并在ANSYS中对车架做了动载荷、模态、谐响应等动态分析。在分析的基础上为车架的结构改进提供了理论依据。     

盾构始发与到达设计与施工决策分析系统研制

为了控制盾构施工的风险和提高盾构设计与施工的决策效率,采用资料分析、理论计算和软件开发的方法,对盾构始发与到达施工决策相关基础与应用问题进行了全面研究。得到以下研究成果:1)提出盾构始发和到达的风险分类,并以此为基础,研究了不同加固方案下盾构始发与到达施工存在的风险问题;2)通过对端头地层稳定性的研究,提出端头地层稳定性分析与判别方法,构建始发与到达加固方案知识库;3)建立一个包含100个工程的案例数据库,为决策系统提供了数据库支撑;4)基于工程案例数据库,研制具有地层稳定性判别、加固方法选择、加固范围确定、反力架支撑验算、风险分析、施组设计标准化等功能的盾构始发与到达设计与施工决策辅助系统,有助于工程设计与施工方案的科学分析与决策。     

青草沙泵站基坑支撑爆破拆除技术研究

该文以青草沙五号沟泵站基坑内支撑爆破拆除施工为背景,通过数值模拟分析研究了各项爆破参数对基坑内部结构受到的爆炸应力影响,并通过振动荷载的动力响应分析,从而为判断爆破振动是否会造成内部结构产生微观损伤提供了一种方法。     

岩质边坡稳定性数值模拟及动力响应分析

采用快速拉格朗日方法,以差分技术引入时问因素实现了从连续介质小变形到大变形的分析模拟,对湖南省对121援建项目一四川理县至小金公路工程中豹子嘴边坡建立了三维模型,并采用2008年5．12汶川M8．0级地震中木卡站实测的地震波,在对地震波进行校正的基础上,进行动力数值模拟,分析了地震荷载作用下岩质边坡的位移、加速度和速度的动力响应过程和规律。岩质边坡动力响应分析表明地震荷载下岩质边坡最小水平永久位移、最小水平加速度反应峰值及最小水平速度反应峰值均发生在坡脚处,且在竖向方向均存在较明显的放大效应,其位移、加速度和速度的放大效应存在一定差异,放大倍数分别为18,1．3和6．35。     

Dynamic Train-Track Interaction: Variability Attributable to Scatter in the Track Properties

A numerical method to simulate vertical dynamic interaction between a rolling train and a railway track has been used to investigate the influence of stochastic properties of the track structure. A perturbation technique has been used to investigate the influence of the scatter in selected track properties. The train-track interaction problem has been numerically solved by use of an extended state-space vector approach in conjunction with a complex modal superposition for the whole track structure. All numerical simulations have been carried out in the time-domain with a moving mass model. Properties such as rail pad stiffness, ballast stiffness, dynamic ballast-subgrade mass and sleeper spacing have been studied. To obtain sufficient statistical information from track structures, full-scale measurements in the field and laboratory measurements have been carried out. The influence of scatter in the track properties on the maximum contact force between the rail and the wheel, the maximum magnitude of the vertical wheelset acceleration, and the maximum sleeper displacement have been studied. Mean values and standard deviations of these quantities have been calculated. The effects of the variation of the investigated track properties are discussed.     

列车作用下东巨寺沟铁路隧道围岩动力反应分析

东巨寺沟铁路隧道选取试验段中实施湿喷工艺喷射聚丙烯纤维混凝土,作为支护结构,并作永久性支护结构,免除二次衬砌;为研究该隧道在列车作用下的动力响应,从土－结构相互作用模型出发,采用粘－弹性人工边界条件,建立隧道支护结构－围岩相互作用的动力分析模型,采用时程积分法研究了列车荷载对铁路隧道围岩和支护结构的动力作用,分析了列车荷载作用下由于轨道不平顺引起的动力响应,并对该隧道围岩的稳定性进行了分析。分析结果表明:在列车动力作用下,隧道围岩和支护结构变形微小,处于稳定状态。     

Influence of uneven rail irregularities on the dynamic response of the railway track using a three-dimensional model of the vehicle–track system

A mathematical model of the vehicle–track interaction is developed to investigate the coupled behaviour of vehicle–track system, in the presence of uneven irregularities at left/right rails. The railway vehicle is simplified as a 3D multi-rigid-body model, and the track is treated as the two parallel beams on a layered discrete support system. Besides the car-body, the bogies and the wheel sets, the sleepers are assumed to have roll degree of freedom, in order to simulate the in-plane rotation of the components. The wheel–rail interface is treated using a nonlinear Hertzian contact model, coupling the mathematical equations of the vehicle–track systems. The dynamic interaction of the entire system is numerically studied in time domain, employing Newmark's integration method. The track irregularity spectra of both the left/right rails are taken into account, as the inputs of dynamic excitations. The dynamic responses of the track system induced by such irregularities are obtained, particularly in terms of the vertical (bounce) and roll displacements. The numerical model of the present research is validated using several benchmark models reported in the literature, for both the smooth and unsmooth track conditions. Four sample profiles of the measured rail irregularities are considered as the case studies of excitation sources, examining their influences on the dynamic behaviour of the coupled system. The results of numerical simulations demonstrate that the motion of track system is significantly influenced by the presence of uneven irregularities in left/right rails. Dynamic response of the sleepers in the roll direction becomes more sensitive to the rail irregularities, as the unevenness severity of the parallel profiles (quantitative difference between left and right rail spectra) is increased. The severe geometric deformation of the track in the bounce–pitch–roll directions is mainly related to such profile unevenness (cross-level) in left/right rails.     

旧路改造期间运营安全评价

旧路改造期间不断交施工,交通量较大,应对其运营安全预先分析评价。通过对沿线设施预先危险性分析可知,危险因素等级均为Ⅱ级,并提出防范措施。通过对改建期运营预先危险性分析可知,危险因素中车辆伤害、起重伤害等级为Ⅲ级,对可能造成人员重大伤亡及设施严重破坏的灾难性事故,应立即采取防范对策。