南沙龙穴造船基地水下大砂袋封涌施工

介绍南沙龙穴造船基地深水河涌水下大砂袋封截的施工经验。     

单频GPS进行高精度线路测量和有轨车辆定位的有效方法

轨道线路测量和有轨车辆的定位常采用GPS定位技术。利用GPS单频接收机实现高精度快速定位的关键是提高GPS单频相位模糊度解算的效率和成功率。基于轨道线路垂直方向变化不大和有轨车辆沿一定线路行驶的特点,提出一种有效的单频相位模糊度解算方法。对GPS单频接收机提供的定位观测值进行粗差探测、修正和剔除等数据预处理,用低噪声和低多路径效应的载波相位观测值对码伪距观测值进行平滑处理,再用附加约束的方法估计双差模糊度实数解,以此为基础进行模糊度搜索固定。算例显示,该方法可提高模糊度实数解估计的精度和可靠性,缩小模糊度的搜索空间,使模糊度解算效率和成功率得到提高,有利于单频GPS接收机在高精度的线路测量和有轨车辆的定位中得到更广泛的应用。     

The association of the population recruitment of gulf menhaden, Brevoortia patronus, with Mississippi River discharge

Gulf menhaden, Brevoortia patronus, which constitutes a major industrial reduction fishery in the USA, spawn across the northern Gulf of Mexico with a focus of spawning about the Mississippi Delta. This species is estuarine dependent; adults spawn over the continental shelf and their larvae are transported, by mechanisms that are presently not well understood, to estuarine nursery areas. Larval gulf menhaden, along with some other surface oriented larval fishes, appear to aggregate along the Mississippi River plume front, while evidence of the ecological consequences of this aggregation in terms of the feeding, growth, and survival of larvae is ambiguous. On an annual scale, Mississippi River discharge is negatively associated with numbers of half year old recruits. Discharge of the Mississippi River and the population recruitment of gulf menhaden may be plausibly linked through the action of the river's plume and its front on the shoreward transport of larvae. Greater river discharge results in an expansive plume that might project larvae farther offshore and prolong the shoreward transport of larvae. An indirect, decadal scale, positive response of recruitment and river discharge is possible, but not certain. Recruitment became elevated after 1975 when river discharge increased and became highly variable. This response might owe to enhanced primary and secondary production driven by nutrient influx from the Mississippi River.     

长江中下游航道整治技术问题的几点思考

长江中下游的航道整治目前全面展开,很多技术问题亟待解决,为此结合目前的整治技术进展,对诸如整治河段单元的划分、目标河型的选择、工程区、守护工程功能属性转化、洲头鱼骨坝的作用扩展、汊道分流面、工程的结构型式等问题进行了商榷性讨论,为最终解决这些问题做一些铺垫性思考。     

On the fresh balance of the Adriatic Sea

The long-term mean fresh water balance of the Adriatic Sea is studied by ananalysing evaporation, precipitation and river runoff. Evaporation is computed from May latent heat flux and by means of bulk formula. In the latter case two wind speed data sets are used, namely those from the NMC and May. The sea surface temperature is taken from a historical Adriatic data set, and the air temperature and relative humidity come from the NMC data set. Two precipitation data sets are considered, namely the Legates and Willmott climatology and a data set consisting of data measured at 62 rain-gauge stations located on the Adriatic coasts. Runoff contribution to the fresh water balance is estimated from the long-term average flow rates of 39 rivers and the horizontal distribution of salinity in the upper mixed layer.The spatial distribution of the fresh water balance, as well as of its components, is analysed by means of monthly objective maps, from which averages and standard deviations are computed. The results obtained from the different computations are not always univocal, particularly in the evaluation of Summer evaporation, and are affected by relatively large statistical errors. Significant spatial and seasonal variability occurs, with a noticeable fresh water gain along the coastline of the northern and middle basins, while small areas of fresh water loss are found in the middle and southern basins. Nevertheless, on an annual basis, the difference between the fresh water losses by evaporation and the gains by precipitation and runoff is clearly negative, indicating that, unlike the whole Mediterranean, the Adriatic Sea is generally a dilution basin.     

高速铁路精密工程测量技术标准的研究与应用

高速铁路精密工程测量技术是高速铁路成功建设的关键技术之一。本文根据高速铁路轨道平顺性要求,通过理论和实验研究,对"三网合一"的测量原则进行了论述,并系统研究了高速铁路平面、高程控制测量坐标系统、高程基准、布网原则、测量方法和精度等技术标准及确定原则。高速铁路建设与运营实践验证了我国高速铁路精密工程测量技术标准的科学性、先进性、适用性和可靠性。     

江苏省沿江城市群城际轨道交通线网规划方案研究

城际轨道交通的规划建设是城市群发展的必然要求,江苏沿江城市群是我国城市化进程过程中重点发展的区域。根据沿江地区城市群的特征,把沿江地区城际轨道交通线网分为主骨架城际网和都市圈城际网两个层次进行规划,重点研究沿江地区都市圈内部中心城市之间以及中心城市与中小城市之间的城际轨道交通通勤线网。     

基于LBP算子的路面类型识别研究

不同的路面类型会对车辆的制动、加速、变道等决策产生不同影响,因此实时获取路面类型信息对于提高智能汽车的安全性、舒适性等有着重要意义。论文提出一种基于LBP算子的路面类型识别方法,首先采集了四种车辆行驶常见路面的图像信息,并对图像进行了增广处理;然后使用LBP算子提取出路面图像的纹理特征,再采用PCA方式对纹理特征进行降维;最后通过分类器对数据进行训练与分类。实验结果表明该方法的最高分类准确率可以达到98.5%,有效提升了当前路面类型识别的精度。     

中越界河海事执法行为的风险规避

文中通过介绍中越边境河流——北仑河海事现场执法风险，分析执法风险存在的原因、表现形式，结合实际工作体会，探讨界河基层海事执法的风险防范     

潮位变化对上海某越江盾构隧道变形的影响规律研究

为了探究潮位变化与越江盾构隧道的沉降和收敛变形之间的关联性,采用数据统计分析、相关性分析和周期性分析方法,对上海某越江盾构隧道的监测数据与同时期隧道上部的潮位变化进行研究分析。研究表明:1)江中段隧道在潮位变化的作用下产生均匀沉降,其波动性与潮位起伏具有近似的周期性;2)陆域段隧道沉降变化的波动性程度与河流的距离有关;3)潮位变化引起隧道管片断面的横径和竖径产生循环的收敛变形,其横径收敛变形大于竖径收敛变形。以上研究可为越江盾构隧道设计、施工和运维提供参考。