进气管长度可变系统的研究

分析了进气管长度可变系统的构成、主要技术参数和工作原理,指出了此系统的优点、发展趋势和故障检查方法。     

模糊自整定PID参数控制器及其在汽车测试设备中的应用

在汽车的控制及测试设备中，广泛使用常规的ＰＩＤ控制器，由于它不具备在线整定ＰＩＤ参数的功能，因此在参数时变较大的系统，其性能难以满足要求。为此本文应用模糊控制技术实现了ＰＩＤ控制器的参数在线自整定，获得了比较理想的效果。本文以汽车传动轴试验台为例，详细地阐述了模糊控制器的设计原理及计算机软件设计方法。     

分段线性变参数控制在数字式自动找平控制系统中的应用

为了验证分段线性变参数控制在自动找平控制系统中的应用前景,对自动找平控制系统的结构、控制方式进行了介绍;分析了分段线性控制方式的工作原理及特点,在实验室建立了沥青混凝土摊铺机数字式自动找平控制系统试验台,设计了3套试验方案,即普通电磁阀方案、高速开关阀方案和分段线性控制方案;对这3种控制方案进行了试验比较,得出了在阶跃干扰作用下,3种控制方案的响应速度及产生超调时的超调量。结果表明:分段线性控制方案具有较快的响应速度,但在系统产生超调时,其超调量相对较大。     

鱼雷发动机三组元比例控制器数值模拟

利用计算流体力学软件Pumplinx模拟鱼雷发动机中三组元比例控制器的内部流场,分析计算中不同压差情况下对比例控制器性能的影响,以及叶片与定子间间隙大小对于比例控制器性能的影响,同时对不同叶片数目下性能进行对比。计算结果表明:由于比例控制器为被动旋转马达结构,其转速和流量均随时间呈周期性脉动变化,随着工作压差增大,转速脉动幅度基本保持不变,而流量和扭矩脉动幅值增加;随着间隙增大,泄漏量增大,但流量、扭矩、转速脉动幅值大幅降低,出口流量较为平稳;叶片数目增多后比例控制器转速降低、排量降低。由计算结果推断出目前比例控制器的最优叶片数目为4。本文可为进一步研究比例控制器精度问题提供参考。     

Robust traffic assignment model: Formulation,solution algorithms and empirical application

ABSTRACT

The deterministic traffic assignment problem based on Wardrop's first criterion of traffic network utilization has been widely studied in the literature. However, the assumption of deterministic travel times in these models is restrictive, given the large degree of uncertainty prevalent in urban transportation networks. In this context, this paper proposes a robust traffic assignment model that generalizes Wardrop's principle of traffic network equilibrium to networks with stochastic and correlated link travel times and incorporates the aversion of commuters to unreliable routes.

The user response to travel time uncertainty is modeled using the robust cost (RC) measure (defined as a weighted combination of the mean and standard deviation of path travel time) and the corresponding robust user equilibrium (UE) conditions are defined. The robust traffic assignment problem (RTAP) is subsequently formulated as a Variational Inequality problem. To solve the RTAP, a Gradient Projection algorithm is proposed, which involves solving a series of minimum RC path sub-problems that are theoretically and practically harder than deterministic shortest path problems. In addition, an origin-based heuristic is proposed to enhance computational performance on large networks. Numerical experiments examine the computational performance and convergence characteristics of the exact algorithm and establish the accuracy and efficiency of the origin-based heuristic on various real-world networks. Finally, the proposed RTA model is applied to the Chennai road network using empirical data, and its benefits as a normative benchmark are quantified through comparisons against the standard UE and System Optimum (SO) models.     

Singular perturbation composite control of a free-floating flexible dual-arm space robot

The Free-floating Flexible Dual-arm Space Robot is a highly nonlinear and coupled dynamics system. In this paper, the dynamic model is derived of a Free-floating Flexible Dual-arm Space Robot holding a rigid payload. Furthermore, according to the singular perturbation method, the system is separated into a slow subsystem representing rigid body motion of the robot and a fast subsystem representing the flexible link dynamics. For the slow subsystem, based on the second method of Lyapunov, using simple quantitative bounds on the model uncertainties, a robust tracking controller design is used during the trajectory tracking phase. The optimal control method is designed in the fast subsystem to guarantee the exponential stability. With the combination of the two above, the system can track the expected trajectory accurately, even though with uncertainty in model parameters, and its flexible vibration gets suppressed, too. Finally, some simulation tests have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.     

基于人工蜂群算法的船舶动力定位自抗扰控制器设计

针对船舶动力定位自抗扰控制器(ADRC)参数较多且人工不易调整的问题,通过建立以船舶纵荡、横荡和艏向角三个方向ADRC响应的时间误差积分和最小的目标函数,采用人工蜂群算法(ABC)中采蜜蜂和跟随蜂的选择机制与邻域搜索,优化整定出船舶动力定位ADRC控制器参数。ABC优化的方法避免了工程技术人员繁琐的试凑工作。此外,仿真结果表明,相比试凑法得出的参数而言,经过ABC优化整定的参数具有更快的响应速度,对船模参数变化具有更强的鲁棒性和适应性。     

基于改进GA优化的水下机器人航向鲁棒控制

基于某型号水下机器人水平面线性化模型,针对水下机器人系统存在的多种不确定因素,工作环境复杂多变的问题,采用混合灵敏度法设计水下机器人航向鲁棒控制器。在设计中,通过罚函数小生境遗传适应度值作为桥梁建立起遗传寻优与混合灵敏度参数之间的关系,构成多目标优化问题寻优加权函数。实验结果表明,所用方法可在保证系统较强鲁棒性的同时,又能兼顾时域指标和混合灵敏度加权函数频域要求,获得综合性能指标最优的鲁棒控制器,控制效果较好。     

基于 Matlab的水下航行器航向自抗扰控制方法研究*

水下航行器航行环境日趋复杂、传统的P ID控制日渐无法满足复杂的任务需求,为此论文采用自抗扰控制算法设计水下航行器航向态控制器,以达到替换老旧的P ID控制的目的。仿真结果表明,自抗扰控制器操舵平滑,控制速度快,鲁棒性和环境适应能力更好,完全能胜任水下航行器控制的要求。     

自适应粒子群优化的船舶动力定位云模型控制器设计

云模型控制理论是智能控制学科的新兴领域,因此如何扩展云模型的应用范围并使其走向工程化实用化成为云模型理论的研究重点。针对船舶运动模型具有不确定性和外部扰动随机性等特点,而云模型具有兼顾模糊性和随机性的特质,尝试将云模型应用于船舶动力定位的控制过程。为解决云模型控制器参数难以整定的问题,提出基于自适应粒子群优化算法的云模型控制器设计方法。仿真试验证明了云模型控制和粒子群优化的可行性和有效性。