舰船姿态坐标变换及稳定补偿分析

分析了现有舰船姿态坐标变换的方法及其存在的不足.结合舰船平台罗经测量舰船姿态的原理,明确指出虽然舰船姿态变化是随机的,但是平台罗经测出的舰船姿态是按照一定顺序进行的,由地理坐标系(惯性坐标系)到舰船甲板坐标系的坐标转换必须按照航向--横摇--纵摇的顺序进行;而由舰船甲板坐标系到地理坐标系的坐标变换必须按照纵摇--横摇--航向的顺序进行,并推导建立了舰船姿态变换方程,为舰船稳定平台及舰船姿态补偿的实现提供了理论依据.该研究成果也可在航空航天、天文及控制领域推广应用.     

舵阻摇H∞控制器的设计

舵阻摇的效果对船舶水动力参数敏感,Ｈ_∞控制器对模型不确定性具有良好的适应性。本文设计了一种基于并联控制模式的舵阻摇Ｈ_∞控制器。模拟海上航行条件的计算机仿真表明该控制器具有良好的鲁棒特性。     

A combined use of phase plane and handling diagram method to study the influence of tyre and vehicle characteristics on stability

This paper deals with in-curve vehicle lateral behaviour and is aimed to find out which vehicle physical characteristics affect significantly its stability. Two different analytical methods, one numerical (phase plane) and the other graphical (handling diagram) are discussed. The numerical model refers to the complete quadricycle, while the graphical one refers to a bicycle model. Both models take into account lateral load transfers and nonlinear Pacejka tyre–road interactions. The influence of centre of mass longitudinal position, tyre cornering stiffness and front/rear roll stiffness ratio on vehicle stability are analysed. The presented results are in good agreement with theoretical expectations about the above parameters influence, and show how some physical characteristics behave as saddle-node bifurcation parameters.     

出口欧盟双层观光车侧倾稳定性研究

主要阐述影响双层观光车侧倾稳定性的各项因素；对比分析后，提出采用四个高度控制阀的改进方案，最终通过出口认证试验。     

Optimal roll control of an articulated vehicle: theory and model validation

This paper investigates optimal roll control of an experimental articulated vehicle. The test vehicle and the mathematical model used to design the control strategies are presented. The vehicle model is validated against experimental data from the test vehicle in passive configuration. The initial controller design, performed by Sampson (Sampson, D.J.M. and Cebon, D., 2003a, Achievable roll stability of heavy road vehicles. Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs, Part D, J. Automobile Engineering, 217(4), 269–287), is reviewed and adapted for the experimental vehicle. The effect of not controlling all the axles on the vehicle is investigated and a variable vehicle speed controller is designed by interpolating between constant speed controllers. Substantial reduction in normalized load transfer is achieved for a range of manoeuvres, both in steady-state and transient conditions.     

烟台港客货滚装运输市场营销方略

介绍了烟台港客货滚装运输市场态势及其成因,并评述了如何对其目标市场进行细分,如何进行精准的市场定位。最后,提出了烟台港客货滚装运输的创新型营销战略,提出了针对市场存在问题的解决措施。     

Dynamics of railway wagons subjected to braking torques on defective tracks

It is well known that track defects cause profound effects to the dynamics of railway wagons; normally such problems are examined for cases of wagons running at a constant speed. Brake/traction torques affect the speed profile due to the wheel–rail contact characteristics but most of the wagon–track interaction models do not explicitly consider them in simulation. The authors have recently published a model for the dynamics of wagons subject to braking/traction torques on a perfect track by explicitly considering the pitch degree of freedom for wheelsets. The model is extended for cases of lateral and vertical track geometry defects and worn railhead and wheel profiles. This paper presents the results of the analyses carried out using the model extended to the dynamics of wagons containing less ideal wheel profiles running on tracks with geometry defects and worn rails.     

Heavy duty vehicle rollover detection and active roll control

This paper presents the results of a comprehensive study on heavy-duty vehicle (HDV) roll stability improvement technology. The proposed rollover threat warning system uses the real-time dynamic model-based time-to-rollover (TTR) metric as a basis for online rollover detections. Its feasibility for implementation in a HDV rollover threat detection system is demonstrated through vehicle dynamic simulation studies. The research on the development of a rollover threat detection system is further enhanced in combination with an active roll control system using active suspension mechanism to improve heavy-duty trucks’ roll stability both in the static cornering and in emergency maneuvers. It has been demonstrated that the roll stability of typical heavy-duty trucks has been largely improved by the proposed active safety monitoring and control system.     

减摇鳍/水舱联合减摇系统模糊自适应滑模控制

针对减摇鳍和被动式减摇水舱设备在不同航速下的减摇特点,建立了船舶减摇鳍/水舱联合减摇系统的横摇数学模型。结合模糊自适应控制良好的逼近特性和滑模控制算法对扰动和模型参数变化的不灵敏性,设计了减摇鳍/水舱联合减摇系统的模糊自适应滑模控制器。采用实船参数的仿真结果表明,所设计的控制器具有良好的自适应性和鲁棒性,减摇鳍/水舱联合减摇控制系统在不同海况和不同航速下均具有良好的减摇效果。     

A fundamental investigation of tilt control systems for narrow commuter vehicles

One way of addressing traffic congestion is by efficiently utilizing the existing highway infrastructure. Narrow tilting vehicles that need a reduced width lane can be part of the solution if they can be designed to be safe, stable, and easy to operate. In this paper, a control system that stabilizes the tilt mode of such a vehicle without affecting the handling of the vehicle is proposed. This control system is a combination of two different types of control schemes known as steering tilt control (STC) and direct tilt control (DTC) systems. First, different existing variations of both STC and DTC systems are considered and their shortcomings analysed. Modified control schemes are then suggested to overcome the deficiencies. Then a new method of integrating these two control schemes that guarantees smooth switchover between the controllers as a function of vehicle velocity is proposed. The performance of the proposed STC, DTC, and integrated systems is evaluated by carrying out simulations for different operating conditions and some experimental work. The design of a second-generation narrow tilting vehicle on which the developed control system has been implemented is presented.