共享车辆基地的城轨车底运用与检修计划协同编制

科学的列车车底运用计划是实现轨道交通运营秩序顺畅和能源节约等目标的重要保证。在城市轨道交通土地资源合理运用的前提下,协同优化车底运用与维修养护有助于充分利用车底资源。本文以共享车辆基地的多条城市轨道交通线路的车底资源运用计划为研究对象,研究基于多线多车辆段基础设施网络的车底运用计划与检修计划的联合编制问题,以车底运用及检修成本最小为优化目标,以车底运用状态和检修累计值为决策变量,考虑车底连接约束、检修约束及车辆段检修能力约束,构建混合整数线性规划模型,并提出一种混合启发式算法进行求解。以某市地铁为例,结果表明,网络运营比单线独立运用的总运营成本减少了8.1%,验证了模型及算法的有效性。通过确定合理的编制周期和车辆段检修功能布局可进一步实现车底资源的优化配置,为相关部门合理进行车辆段布局及车底运用提供参考。     

船舶气囊上下水工艺

本文阐述了船舶气囊上、下水工艺的实用意义,并简要介绍了下水工艺的操作过程。对气囊技术指标所涉及的直径、工作内压和承载能力等进行了计算分析。并在分析了船舶牵引力测试结果的基础上,提出了牵引力计算的近似公式。文章还介绍了船舶气囊上、下水过程中船体受力的测试结果和这项工艺的特点。     

抚通高速公路路基施工技术探讨

针对旺南高速公路的路基特点,对路基施工所采用的技术要求予以探讨,为我省及东北其他省份高速公路路基施工提供参考。     

铁道车辆抗冲撞结构的开发

川崎重工交付纽约地铁使用的R142A型客车,为提高遭遇冲撞时的安全性,要求其车体结构能够吸收撞击能量。为满足这一要求,开发了由车架端部吸收撞击能量的结构,并通过在美国首次进行的单台整车冲撞试验,对其抗冲撞性能予以确认。此外,通过该项试验,使前期所作的冲撞过程解析计算的精确度得到了验证,将会有效提高今后新型车辆抗冲撞结构的开发效率。     

发动机悬置技术对比分析

发动机悬置技术在一定程度上增加汽车驾驶的舒适性和安全性,按照不同方面具有不同的种类。在介绍其基本原理的基础上,针对发动机悬置的结构、介质、性能及价格等方面进行对比分析,得到各种技术的相应优缺点,为实际应用提供一定的理论基础。     

响应型船舶运动模型的建模与遗传算法辨识

为了建立更准确的响应型船舶运动模型,在充分考虑横摇对舵响应的非最小相位性、阻尼震荡性和惯性横倾的基础上,提出一种横摇响应型模型,其参数具有物理意义明显和估值简单的特点.在此基础上,以某多功能运输船的非线性运动模型的对舵响应输出为试验数据,应用自适应遗传算法对船舶运动响应模型的各参数进行辨识,得到该船的艏摇与横摇的响应模型.仿真试验结果显示,遗传算法辨识后的船舶响应型模型能以较高的精度逼近试验数据,进而验证了响应型船舶运动模型及其参数辨识的有效性和可靠性.     

冲击碾压工艺在粉质土路堤施工中的应用

针对山东省黄河平原粉质土路堤在高温季节和干燥环境施工时,按照以往每20～30 cm一层填筑,易出现表层失水严重且土方运输车卸土时对已压实的下层表面扰动破坏严重等现象,结合《公路冲击碾压应用技术指南》和山东省高临高速公路土质实际情况,提出了采用冲击碾压施工工艺填筑粉土路堤使每压实层达60 cm的具体施工和检验方法。     

Defining the functional and physical compatibility of a modernized tramway rolling stock with a newly planned LRT system: a case study of Belgrade

According to the Belgrade Master Plan for 2021, the public transportation system for the city and its region will include three rail modes: a modernized existing tramway, regional rail, and a new light rail transit (LRT) mode. In the coming years all three rail modes should be developed simultaneously and in a coordinated manner. The introduction of LRT is to be realized in several phases, and its first line will partially follow the alignment of an existing tramway line. As the present tramway vehicles are obsolete, new rolling stock must be designed and purchased to be compatible with many of the elements of the LRT. Ways to adjust the new tramways to the LRT rolling stock represent the central topic of this paper. The basic technical and operating characteristics of the new tramway are defined with respect to their required compatibility with the LRT stock and infrastructure.     

Kalker's algorithm Fastsim solves tangential contact problems with slip-dependent friction and friction anisotropy

This paper presents two extensions of Kalker's algorithm Fastsim of the simplified theory of rolling contact. The first extension is for solving tangential contact problems with the coefficient of friction depending on slip velocity. Two friction laws have been considered: with and without recuperation of the static friction. According to the tribological hypothesis for metallic bodies shear failure, the friction law without recuperation of static friction is more suitable for wheel and rail than the other one. Sample results present local quantities inside the contact area (division to slip and adhesion, traction) as well as global ones (creep forces as functions of creepages and rolling velocity). For the coefficient of friction diminishing with slip, the creep forces decay after reaching the maximum and they depend on the rolling velocity. The second extension is for solving tangential contact problems with friction anisotropy characterised by a convex set of the permissible tangential tractions. The effect of the anisotropy has been shown on examples of rolling without spin and in the presence of pure spin for the elliptical set. The friction anisotropy influences tangential tractions and creep forces. Sample results present local and global quantities. Both extensions have been described with the same language of formulation and they may be merged into one, joint algorithm.     

Modelling generalisation and power dissipation of flexible-wheel suspension concept for planetary surface vehicles

Flexible-wheel (FW) suspension concept has been regarded to be one of the novel technologies for future planetary surface vehicles (PSVs). This study develops generalised models for fundamental stiffness and damping properties and power consumption characteristics of the FW suspension with and without considering wheel-hub dimensions. Compliance rolling resistance (CRR) coefficient is also defined and derived for the FW suspension. Based on the generalised models and two dimensionless measures, suspension properties are analysed for two FW suspension configurations. The sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the effects of the design parameters and operating conditions on the CRR and power consumption characteristic of the FW suspension. The modelling generalisation permits analyses of fundamental properties and power consumption characteristics of different FW suspension designs in a uniform and very convenient manner, which would serve as a theoretical foundation for the design of FW suspensions for future PSVs.