Weather impact on containership routing in closed seas: A chance-constraint optimization approach

Weather conditions have a strong effect on the operation of vessels and unavoidably influence total time at sea and associated transportation costs. The velocity and direction of the wind in particular may considerably affect travel speed of vessels and therefore the reliability of scheduled maritime services. This paper considers weather effects in containership routing; a stochastic model is developed for determining optimal routes for a homogeneous fleet performing pick-ups and deliveries of containers between a hub and several spoke ports, while incorporating travel time uncertainties attributed to the weather. The problem is originally formulated as a chance-constrained variant of the vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pick-ups and deliveries and time constraints and solved using a genetic algorithm. The model is implemented to a network of island ports of the Aegean Sea. Results on the application of algorithm reveal that a small fleet is sufficient enough to serve network’s islands, under the influence of minor delays. A sensitivity analysis based on alternative scenarios in the problem’s parameters, leads to encouraging conclusions with respect to the efficiency and robustness of the algorithm.     

A hybrid heuristic strategy for liquefied natural gas inventory routing

As liquefied natural gas (LNG) steadily grows to be a common mode for commercializing natural gas, LNG supply chain optimization is becoming a key technology for gas companies to maintain competitiveness. This paper develops methods for improving the solutions for a previously stated form of an LNG inventory routing problem (LNG-IRP). Motivated by the poor performance of a Dantzig-Wolfe-based decomposition approach for exact solutions, we develop a suite of advanced heuristic techniques and propose a hybrid heuristic strategy aiming to achieve improved solutions in shorter computational time. The heuristics include two phases: the advanced construction phase is based on a rolling time algorithm and a greedy randomized adaptive search procedure (GRASP); and the solution improvement phase is a series of novel MIP-based neighborhood search techniques. The proposed algorithms are evaluated based on a set of realistic large-scale instances seen in recent literature. Extensive computational results indicate that the hybrid heuristic strategy is able to obtain optimal or near optimal feasible solutions substantially faster than commercial optimization software and also the previously proposed heuristic methods.     

快速公交系统模式研究——以广州市BRT试验线系统为例

"快速通道+灵活线路"模式是城市快速公交应用中一种探索与创新的系统模式。以广州市BRT试验线为例介绍"快速通道+灵活线路"模式及其三个关键要素:快速专用通道、灵活线路运营、高效车站服务。探讨该模式在节省公交出行时间以及适应公共交通需求两方面的优势。分析"快速通道+灵活线路"模式的特性,并与传统的固定线路模式进行对比,归纳其三个关键要素与BRT系统效能的关系。最后,讨论了"快速通道+灵活线路"模式的适用条件,并指出快速公交的发展应走公交集约化和系统资源利用最大化的道路,提供快速、高效、便捷的高品质公共汽车交通服务。     

三峡库区定线制航路改革与航道条件探讨

介绍三峡库区航道的情况,对川江及三峡库区航行船舶的类型及航道条件进行了分析,得出:三峡库区实施定线制是可行的。对航道维护尺度进行了计算校核,目前航道维护尺度标准基本满足现有在川江航行船舶尺度要求。同时介绍了在三峡库区实施定线制航路改革后,由于部分航段未实施炸礁整治,目前汛期不能实现左右分边航行的原因,探讨了航标实行双侧连续配布后,航标等其他航道维护设施布设应注意的问题等。     

混合动力汽车CAN网络通信协议的应用研究

针对混合动力汽车动力系统通信需求和控制策略,提出了基于CAN总线的控制系统拓扑结构,开发了该系统的CAN总线通信协议;研究了协议中优先级分配、单帧与多帧标识、数据长度与帧编号确定和重要报文应答机制等.应用CANoe软件对3种情况下的网络总线负载率进行仿真对比并通过RMA方法对网络实时性能进行测试.结果表明,该系统网络负...     

基于SAEJ1939的车辆动力学稳定性控制网络设计及测试

车辆动力学稳定性控制涉及底盘多个执行机构及电子控制单元,所组成控制网络的性能是整个控制系统的关键之一。文中根据SAEJ1939应用层规范,设计车辆动力学稳定性控制网络,并定义其应用层私有通信协议;采用专门的车载网络测试工具,搭建车辆动力学稳定性控制网络测试平台。测试结果显示,所定义的应用层私有通信协议满足系统可靠性的要求,整个车辆动力学稳定性控制网络运行良好。     

上海轨道交通2号线分段交路运营实践

上海轨道交通2号线实行分段交路、大小交路,运营管理非常复杂.在阐述2号线历史发展三个阶段的基础上,着重对目前分段交路交叉点车站(广兰路站)的行车组织和客运组织措施进行论述,最终得到2号线分段交路运营实践的经验总结:交叉点车站的行车组织是分段交路运营的重点.制定完备的正常作业规范和非正常运营下的应急处置预案,是确保两个交...     

一种基于船用无线电台的新型数据通讯网络系统

传统无线电台实现数据通讯,主要是利用少数具有辅助功能口的电台,限制了普通型无线电台的利用.基于船用普通型无线电台,提出一种新型的数据通讯实现方案,不依赖电台辅助功能口,且在传输信号处理上采用了数字滤波、Modbus协议编码等技术及海域电子地理信息等系统构成了功能强大的数字通讯平台,实验结果证明方案可靠、实用.     

基于层次拓扑的发布／订阅系统QoS路由策略研究

新型面向大规模的发布／订阅系统,能够使得信息交互的双方在时间、空间和控制流三个方面都被完全解耦。目前的对发布／订阅路由做了大量的研究,但是都没有提供一个通用的服务质量路由策略。设计了一个静态层次拓扑模型,在此基础上引入QoS保障策略,扩展了系统操作,提出了带QoS约束条件的路由算法的一般准则。     

一种改进的自组网动态信道分配协议

文章针对节点具有双收发器多信道的自组网,对动态分配协议进行了改进,使得一些短报文可以在没有可用数据信道时直接在控制信道上传输,从而解决信道利用率不高的问题。研究表明,改进后协议的网络吞吐量有了显著的提高。