艰险山区客运专线铁路隧道缓冲结构研究

高速列车进出隧道形成的压力波带来乘客舒适度下降、隧道洞口噪声污染、威胁隧道洞口建筑物安全等多种不利影响。为了深入研究高速铁路隧道洞口微压波特性,确定各种缓冲结构在控制微压波方面的效果,提出缓冲结构设计的合理方案。通过模拟实验和数值分析,对主要缓冲结构设置形式进行了分析,并针对艰险山区隧道洞口提出了缓冲结构设计的合理方案。     

计算高速列车车内压力的热力学模型

运用热力学基础知识，建立了一种计算高速列车通过隧道时车内压力变化的热力学模型，它采用当量漏气面积表示车辆气密性，具有物理意义明确的特点。在相同的计算条件下，将其与现有能够计算车内压力的2种模型——经验模型和流动模型进行了车内压力计算的对比分析，结果表明热力学模型用于高速列车车内压力计算是可行的。     

Simulation of Old Urban Residential Area Evolution Based on Complex Adaptive System

On the basis of complex adaptive system theory,this paper proposed an agent-based model of old urban residential area,in which,residents and providers are the two adaptive agents.The behaviors of residents and providers in this model are trained with back propagation and simulated with Swarm software based on environment-rules-agents interaction.This model simulates the evolution of old urban residential area and analyzes the relations between the evolution and urban management with the background of Chaozhou city.As a result,the following are obtained:(1) Simulation without government intervention indicates the trend of housing ageing,environmental deterioration,economic depression,and social filtering-down in old urban residential area.If the development of old urban residential area is under control of developers in market,whose desire is profit maximization,and factors such as social justice,historic and culture value will be ignored.(2) If the government carries out some policies and measures which will perfectly serve their original aims,simulation reveals that old urban residential area could be adapted to environment and keep sustainable development.This conclusion emphasizes that government must act as initiator and program maker for guiding residents and other providers directly in the development of old urban residential area.     

船闸口门区水流结构与连接段航道范围的探讨

从水力学角度和航行条件出发,来认识船闸口门区与连接段的水流结构,探讨连接段的范围。收集概化模型与枢纽物理模型的实验资料,采用归纳、总结和分析对比的方法,对概化和枢纽工程船闸引航道出口的水流结构、形态及回流长度等规律进行总结和讨论,对口门区与连接段的水流与航行条件进行分析。结果表明:概化模型的回流长度l1=7.0b比枢纽模型l1=4.6b要长;连接段的同岸与异岸连接,实质是主航道航线与引航道轴线夹角的大小;文中连接段长度是推轮能克服水流作用于船舶(队)漂移时的长度,否则需重新确定。     

箱式浮体在波浪中的运动分析

为研究浮体在波浪中的运动，工程中采用基于刚体运动学的理论，应用牛顿第二定律建立了箱体在六个自由度的耦合运动方程。采用修正的切片法计算了箱体在规则波中运动的附加质量、附加阻尼和静水恢复力，并以纵摇和垂荡两个运动模态为例，在频域和时域内计算了浮体在规则波中两个运动模态的波浪载荷和运动响应，并对运动响应特性进行了分析。     

日照港船舶引航系统的设计与应用

根据日照港的实际情况,综合应用高精度GPS定位技术、电子海图显示与信息系统、图像处理技术、船舶自动识别技术、信息融合技术、数据库管理系统等先进技术设计并实现了船舶引航系统,介绍了系统的主要结构、功能及技术特点。实践表明,该系统能够满足船舶引航需要,保障船舶航行安全。     

平潭海峡大桥船舶交通管理系统管理程度研究

平潭海峡是中小型船舶东北季风盛行季节北上的黄金水道。近年来随着国民经济的快速增长,沿海航运业得到迅猛发展,海峡船舶密度明显增大。平潭海峡大桥位于平潭海峡中部,桥区通航孔附近每小时最大交通量为17艘,出现船舶追越局面的可能性较大。海峡碍航物多,水流复杂,且小型船舶违规、违章航行现象较普遍,存在一定的安全隐患。定量分析桥区船舶交通危险,进行科学的船舶交通管理系统成本与效益分析,恰当划分与确定船舶交管系统等级,使系统的建设规模符合当地船舶交通的实际需要,力求取得较好的社会效益和经济效益。     

岩溶地区桩基施工综合防治与处理措施探讨

岩溶地区钻孔灌注桩施工难度大,风险高,且多为突发事故,施工前要做好充分的准备,加强施工管理与组织。针对不同的溶洞及软弱覆盖层分布情况,采取不同的施工方案进行处理,以提高施工效率。     

Splash zone lowering analysis of a large subsea spool piece

Lifting operation though the wave splash zone is challenging. Careful numerical analysis in the design phase is needed to minimize associated risks. This study addresses numerical modeling and analysis of the splash zone lowering of a large subsea spool. A typical offshore construction vessel is used for the operation. The objective is to compare the effects from different numerical methods and parameters on the allowable sea states and the operability. These methods and parameters include wave short-crestedness, shielding effects from the vessel, wave direction and wave seed number. A coupled numerical model of the spool-vessel system is established in SIMO program, which is a simulation tool for marine operations. Slamming and submergence-dependent loads on the spool during the transient lowering process are calculated. A large number of time-domain simulations has been performed to derive the allowable sea states. The operational criteria for assessment of the sea states include slack sling, snap loads in wires and clearance between spool and the vessel. Operability analysis of the operation at one reference site in the Barent Sea is established using 50-year hindcast data. The influences from different methods on the allowable sea states and the operability are compared and discussed in detail.     

Does emission control area policy reduce sulfur dioxides concentration in Shanghai?

As an important measure to abate ship-source air emissions, the establishment of Emission Control Area (ECA) has been adopted not only at international level, but also at national and regional level. However, there exists a research gap of employing econometric models to enrich the ECA policy evaluation research by testing the effectiveness of an ECA policy based on the empirical data. This paper focuses on the effectiveness of the ECA policy in shanghai port by adopting regression discontinuity (RD) approach. The RD design is considered as a wonderful substitution for the randomized control trial, which usually serves as a conventional and effective tool to address endogeneity. The causal effect of the ECA policy on the SO₂ concentration reduction can be detected by the RD approach. According to the estimated results, there is a discontinuity around the ECA policy cutoff point, and it is indicated that the SO₂ concentration in Shanghai decreased by at least 0.229 μg/m³ daily on average due to the implementation of the ECA policy. The positive role that the ECA policy plays in reducing SO₂ concentration in Shanghai is well demonstrated. This paper also puts forward an agenda for the future studies in the domain of the ECA policy evaluation.