高原铁路电子元器件应用标准探讨

通过调研高原环境的特点,分析了高原特殊环境对电子产品元器件的影响,提出了针对高原环境提高元器件可靠性的要求和措施。为了保证电子产品及其元器件应用的可靠性,本文还提出了电子产品应用时需要考虑的各种措施和要求。     

The confined disposal program for polluted dredged spoil in the great lakes

Abstract

Delay in the construction of containment sites is allowing time for significant adjustments in the confined disposal program of the Great Lakes. Through modification of the pollution criteria and improvements in harbor sampling, fewer containment sites, some with smaller capacities, are now required. Perhaps most important, the delays are providing additional time for upgrading waste treatment facilities which may be reducing future dredging volumes. Unless pollution abatement measures are implemented and technological improvements made regarding containment of the excess spoil water, cleanup of the harbors and connecting channels may not be fully accomplished during the 10‐year period in which containment sites are authorized.     

Autonomous technologies in short sea shipping: trends,feasibility and implications

ABSTRACT

The maritime industry has been continuously transforming the nature of its business and striving to embrace technology in many aspects. In this context, autonomous technologies have been receiving momentum with a potential to revolutionise the landscape of shipping industry. After conducting a comprehensive literature review on the issues facing by the short sea shipping (SSS) industry, a model is developed to explore the potential savings of removing crew and use of autonomous technologies through a Continuously Unmanned Ship (CUS) that is operated by a Shore Control Centre (SCC). The analysis shows that autonomous technologies are viable to the challenges that the shipping industry is facing in terms of crew costs and skill shortage. To validate this statement, a case study is selected and various scenarios were tested based on relevant operational and financial considerations, including crew arrangement, cargo utilisation levels and shore wage coefficients. The results suggest that the savings occur in demand-uncertain markets and where a network of vessels are operated via a control centre. While autonomous technology use in shipping holds promise, there remain several limitations that this research addresses in terms of implementation, commercial attractiveness, risk profile, legislative, workforce planning and port operations.     

基于分类决策树的城市内部迁居人群通勤时间预测模型

针对迁居个体长距离、长时间的通勤现象，以南京迁居人群通勤出行多源数据为基础，综合考虑迁居人群个人家庭属性、迁居属性、建成环境属性及通勤属性，建立迁居人群通勤时间多元线性回归模型，分析各属性对通勤时间的影响. 结合多元线性回归和Logistic 回归确定决策树模型入选变量和通勤时间离散值，利用C4.5 算法建立迁居人群通勤时间决策树，以决策树结构揭示不同背景下迁居个体通勤时间模式特征. 结果显示，相较于个人家庭属性，职住同区、通勤出发时刻、住房类型、通勤距离、通勤方式及社区至主干道的便捷程度对迁居个体通勤时长的影响更为显著，侧面反映社区微观建成环境优化政策更利于提升迁居个体通勤效率.     

不同等级公路环境下驾驶人动态视觉特性规律研究

为研究不同等级公路上行车时驾驶人的动态视觉行为模式,采用数理统计与回 归分析方法,对采集的不同等级公路上驾车的不同年龄、不同驾龄、不同性别及不同教育 程度的 6 类驾驶人视觉特性指标数据进行了对比分析,定量研究了不同等级公路上的驾 驶人的注视、扫视及眨眼的变化规律.试验结果显示,车速、视野、注视点距离之间显著相 关,并得到随着车速增加受到信息刺激次数及反应错误次数也随之增加;驾驶人的注视 点、水平搜索广度、垂直搜索广度、扫视幅度、扫视速度等视觉特性指标的变化随不同等 级公路具有明显的规律性分布.本文的研究有助于公路交通设施的设计、设置及其管理, 有利于公路行车安全与效率的提高.     

船用低速柴油机台架试验及试航管理系统开发

介绍了基于工作流与数据库技术管理的大型船用低速柴油机台架试验及试航管理系统,主要对船用柴油机生产过程中设计与运行参数进行管理.系统主要由基础信息子系统、试车管理子系统、技术服务支持子系统、试车故障诊断子系统和标准管理子系统组成,具有信息共享、性能分析、排放计算、异常报警、试验数据管理和报表输出等功能.     

地铁施工邻近建筑物风险评价

辨识地铁施工过程中影响环境建筑物安全的因素及建筑物本身抵抗变形的因素,结合力学与风险两方面指标,对地铁施工引起的环境建筑物的风险进行评价。采用相邻指标相对重要性模糊标度值方法确定不同指标权重,进而通过模糊识别模型判断建筑物在地铁施工环境中的风险度。为施工前期,采取合理的施工措施或保护措施提供依据。     

高增益天线在远距离海上打桩施工中的应用

以鲁北测风塔工程沉桩施工为依托,初步总结GPS数据链天线发射端采用高增益天线在施工定位中的试验及应用情况,在进行远距离海上打桩施工时,完全可以采用高增益天线做GPS基准站无线电差分信号发射天线使用。该天线的使用效果能够满足稳定、连续、准确的GPS差分信号的发射和远距离传输。其有效工作距离能满足20-30km范围,初始化时间短,固定解的解算速度快,在控制网覆盖范围充分的情况下,可达到与近岸施工相当的精度效果,对类似工程的施工具有很好的借鉴和指导作用。     

城市区域机动车排放定量评价方法

搭建了机动车车载排放测试平台,获取了实际排放数据。对轻型车比功率进行了分区,得到了3种排放污染物的质量排放率。基于OD数据反推,将速度和加速度作为输入参数,采用排放模型和交通仿真模型,计算了城市区域的机动车排放总量与排放比例。计算结果表明:在晚高峰时段,CO、HC、NOx3种排放污染物的小时排放量分别为163.364 7、19.453 9、77.701 8kg;轻型车、中型车和公交车的CO排放比例分别为65.45%、29.57%、4.98%;轻型车、中型车和公交车的HC排放比例分别为57.68%、26.03%、16.29%;轻型车、中型车和公交车的NOx排放比例分别为48.11%、4.63%、47.26%;轻型车和中型车是CO和HC排放控制的重点,而公交车为NOx排放控制的重点。