黄土地区地铁车站换乘改造施工力学行为研究

以西安地铁5号线新建南稍门站对既有地铁车站换乘改造工程为背景,运用有限元方法分析研究既有地铁车站换乘改造的空间施工力学行为,重点论证既有地铁车站侧墙开洞工法的合理性。研究结果表明:(1)新建换乘厅基坑开挖卸荷是引起邻近雨污水管及既有地铁车站上抬变形的主因,而侧墙开洞后板墙支承约束减弱是导致孔洞顶部发生下沉变形的关键工序;(2)侧墙开洞后洞顶由受压区转变为受拉区,且洞口周边竖向压力突增,而侧墙弯矩变化幅度较小,故侧墙开洞应遵循"化整为零,随挖随支"的原则,即加强圈梁应尽快封闭成环,以抵抗由于侧墙开洞所引发的周边结构复杂的内力形式;(3)随着侧墙开洞跨度的增加,既有线车站的变形和内力均显著增大,而横通道水平净距对既有线车站的变形和内力影响较小,因此破除既有线侧墙方案建议选取7.5 m净跨、0.5D水平净距的施工方案,可确保既有线的运营及施工安全。     

舰载火箭炮火力系统对岸面目标的射击效力分析

构建了舰载火箭炮火力系统的射击效力模型,讨论了单发火箭弹和火力系统射击效力的有关问题,探讨了毁伤面积达到一定程度所需的火力系统的数量。计算结果表明,舰艇适宜加装舰载火箭炮火力系统,而不宜只加装多个独立的舰载火箭炮。     

造船企业场（厂）区工程车辆智慧安全管控系统设计

针对造船企业场（厂）区工程车辆作业安全问题,结合信息化技术设计一种造船企业场（厂）区工程车辆智慧安全管控系统。该系统实现驾驶员权限管理、车辆速度管理、车辆定位管理、驾驶员行为监控和管控平台数据处理等功能,可有效提高造船企业场（厂）区工程车辆作业安全的管理水平。     

大跨度铁路悬索桥钢桁加劲梁设计

某大跨度铁路桥位于强震山区,采用主跨1 060 m的上承式钢桁梁悬索桥,主桁采用华伦式桁架,桁宽30 m、桁高12 m,节间长10 m.结合强震山区铁路悬索桥的受力特点,加劲梁约束体系采用塔梁分离、塔墩固结的半飘浮体系,桥塔处纵向阻尼器与下平联设置在同一平面,桥塔和桥台处均设置相互协调工作的横向支座与横向阻尼器,并设置...     

重庆轨道交通白居寺车辆段段内发车能力研究

重庆轨道交通2号线是我国第一条跨座式单轨线路,2004年运营至今客流急剧增加,现状客流已达到远期设计客流,正线运营行车间隔已缩短至3 min,从而对车辆段的出段能力提出了更高的要求.车辆段出段能力的主控制因素是段内发车能力,对白居寺车辆段段内发车能力的研究不仅能提升该车辆段的出段能力,而且对提升2号线的运营效率和降低运...     

基于TOPSIS的黑龙江省公路施工路域生态环境影响评价研究

寒冷地区公路建设日趋发展,公路建设对土壤、植被等生态因子产生影响,导致寒区路域生态环境恶化.以典型寒区代表黑龙江省公路为研究对象,创新性地提出将冻土环境作为寒区生态环境评价的重要方面,建立公路施工期路域生态环境影响综合评价指标体系,利用组合赋权法确定指标权重,建立TOPSIS模型,通过计算各级指标贴近度来确定公路施工期...     

考虑多路径选择的定制电动公交线路优化

为提高定制电动公交系统运营效率,本文探讨了考虑多路径选择的定制电动公交线路优化问题.首先,构建描述该问题的混合整数规划模型,以实现线路与路径的双重决策优化.模型以运营总收益最大化为目标,在约束中考虑定制电动公交特性,如车容量,乘客出行时间窗,续航里程,访问站点数等.其次,为求解模型,设计新的自适应大邻域搜索算法,提出相...     

基于网格分块索引的车辆高频活动区域算法

车辆的高频活动区域对于车辆的服务应用有较大的参考意义,而汽车高频活动区域的计算中会基于其采集模块提供的经纬度数据进行运算,而该采集模块的经纬度数据误差通常为10米左右,较大误差的引入会影响高频区域计算的复杂度,准确性,及时性。若要降低该误差通常可借助提高采集模块的采集精度,或第三方差分定位服务,但同时导致成本上升。本文将基于当前车辆采集模块的经纬度数据精度,采用地图网格化分块索引的方式改进了车辆高频活动区域的算法,提高了车辆高频活动区域的计算的速度和准确性。     

Joint leisure travel optimization with user-generated data via perceived utility maximization

The lack of personalized solutions for managing the demand of joint leisure trips in cities in real time hinders the optimization of transportation system operations. Joint leisure activities can account for up to 60% of trips in cities and unlike fixed trips (i.e., trips to work where the arrival time and the trip destination are predefined), leisure activities offer more optimization flexibility since the activity destination and the arrival times of individuals can vary.To address this problem, a perceived utility model derived from non-traditional data such as smartphones/social media for representing users’ willingness to travel a certain distance for participating in leisure activities at different times of day is presented. Then, a stochastic annealing search method for addressing the exponential complexity optimization problem is introduced. The stochastic annealing method suggests the preferred location of a joint leisure activity and the arrival times of individuals based on the users’ preferences derived from the perceived utility model. Test-case implementations of the approach used 14-month social media data from London and showcased an increase of up to 3 times at individuals’ satisfaction while the computational complexity is reduced to almost linear time serving the real-time implementation requirements.     

Route design for last-in,first-out deliveries with backhauling

The retail route design problem extends the capacitated vehicle routing problem with time windows by introducing several operational constraints, including order loading and delivery restrictions (last-in, first-out), order-dependent vehicle capacity, material handling limits at the warehouse, backhauling, and driving time bounds. In this paper, the problem is modeled on a directed network for an application associated with a major grocery chain. Because the corresponding mixed-integer program proved too difficult to solve with commercial software for real instances, we developed a greedy randomized adaptive search procedure (GRASP) augmented with tabu search to provide solutions. Testing was done using data sets provided Kroger, the largest grocery chain in the US, and benchmarked against a previously developed column generation algorithm. The results showed that cost reductions of $4887 per day or 5.58% per day on average, compared to Kroger’s corresponding solutions.