新型机舱环氧漆在船舶涂装方面的应用

从船舶涂装入手，为选用新型机舱环氧漆替代传统的醇酸漆，开展相关技术工艺参数对比、配套方案对比、施工周期对比和成本对比，以达到提高涂装效率、降低油漆消耗、减少挥发性有机物（Volatile Organic Compounds，VOCs）排放的目的。     

240／275系列机车柴油机传动机构中间齿轮装配破损故障的技术对策

根据沈阳铁路局近年240／275系列机车柴油机传动机构中间齿轮装配破损的数据统计，分析了故障发生的原因，提出了解决问题的技术措施。     

对柴油机在使用过程中出现温度过高的分析

柴油机温度过高主要表现为水温、油温过高两大类。本文就这两类原因进行分析。     

On the scattering of test data and the significance of the standard coefficients ‘dynamic stiffness’ and ‘loss angle’ for hydraulic engine mounts

Based on the test results, a study on the scattering of the standard coefficients c _dyn and δ within the test cycles on a standard testing machine as well as within the samples of a batch of hydraulic engine mounts is performed; furthermore, an estimate for the systematic error caused by the testing machine is given. By a simulated example, the pronounced sensitivity of the response of the engine to the scattering of c _dyn and δ as well as to even small deviations of the hysteresis curves for otherwise identical values of the standard coefficients is demonstrated. As a main result, it is found that the most important source of uncertainty is scattering within the batch, which, in conjunction with the observed sensitivity of the response of the engine, raises the question for the meaningful level of sophistication of a model for predictive purposes.     

某型船用主机汽缸镶台肩套强度分析研究

某船柴油机由于汽缸体缸套装配凸肩出现严重裂纹,在修理时采用镶套的方法进行了修补,文章根据标准对镶套进行常规强度校核和变形的有限元计算,分析表明整个修理方法完全符合要求。     

A comparison of various algorithms to extract Magic Formula tyre model coefficients for vehicle dynamics simulations

Tyre models are a prerequisite for any vehicle dynamics simulation. Tyre models range from the simplest mathematical models that consider only the cornering stiffness to a complex set of formulae. Among all the steady-state tyre models that are in use today, the Magic Formula tyre model is unique and most popular. Though the Magic Formula tyre model is widely used, obtaining the model coefficients from either the experimental or the simulation data is not straightforward due to its nonlinear nature and the presence of a large number of coefficients. A common procedure used for this extraction is the least-squares minimisation that requires considerable experience for initial guesses. Various researchers have tried different algorithms, namely, gradient and Newton-based methods, differential evolution, artificial neural networks, etc. The issues involved in all these algorithms are setting bounds or constraints, sensitivity of the parameters, the features of the input data such as the number of points, noisy data, experimental procedure used such as slip angle sweep or tyre measurement (TIME) procedure, etc. The extracted Magic Formula coefficients are affected by these variants. This paper highlights the issues that are commonly encountered in obtaining these coefficients with different algorithms, namely, least-squares minimisation using trust region algorithms, Nelder–Mead simplex, pattern search, differential evolution, particle swarm optimisation, cuckoo search, etc. A key observation is that not all the algorithms give the same Magic Formula coefficients for a given data. The nature of the input data and the type of the algorithm decide the set of the Magic Formula tyre model coefficients.     

基于国六标准工况的重型柴油机PN排放特性研究

搭建柴油机排放测试平台,探究某重型柴油机在国六阶段瞬态循环和稳态循环试验中颗粒数目的排放特性。结果表明:无论是瞬态循环还是稳态循环,柴油机颗粒数排放都与其DPF碳载量密切相关。     

考虑换乘异质性的城市轨道交通时刻表协同优化模型

在城市轨道交通网络化运营条件下，极易导致换乘站的换乘需求差异过大。为提高列车时刻表与换乘需求的匹配度，本文基于网络中换乘站的空间拓扑结构和换乘需求在时间和方向上的特点，通过构建量化换乘差异的协同度指标，建立以列车同步次数最大化为目标的列车时刻表优化模型，优化轨道交通网络线路间成功衔接次数，提升乘客换乘出行效率。针对提出的混合 整数非线性规划模型，本文设计了一种基于天牛须搜索的粒子群优化算法进行求解，并将模型及算法应用于北京市轨道交通网络进行算例分析。结果表明，所构建的模型能依据换乘需求在空间、时间及方向上的差异，利用协同度分级优化轨道交通路网中列车协同状态；优化后全网列车同步到达次数增加33.86%，乘客平均换乘等待时间减少22.75%；相较于PSO和BAS算法，本文所提的算法具有更好的全局搜索能力和求解效率。本文可有效提高轨道交通换乘效率，为提升城 市轨道交通服务质量提供理论参考。     

美国气垫登陆艇推进垫升系统的改进与发展

介绍美国气垫登陆艇推进垫升系统在三十余年使用过程中遇到的问题及解决措施。随着艇装载量、耐波性、全寿命周期维护等总体性能和作战使用要求的提高以及主机功率不断增大,结合现代技术分析手段,推进垫升系统正不断改进优化。在广泛采用新技术及复合材料后,艇载重大量幅增加且耐波性有所提高。     

噪声发电在船舶机舱中的应用

船舶机舱的巨大噪音一直是改善船舶机舱环境的一个重要难题,这严重影响了船舶机舱工作人员的身体健康及工作环境。本文利用一种声电转换材料,将船舶机舱中的机器噪声能量收集起来转换为电能加以利用,这不仅减少噪声污染,改善机舱环境,而且能够产生电能,从而达到节能环保的作用。