路面裂缝图像自动识别算法综述

路面裂缝自动检测对于路面养护管理、路面性能评价与预测、路面材料和结构设计具有重要的实用价值,但快速、准确、全面且稳定地识别路面裂缝一直是个难题.为此,对路面裂缝自动检测研究现状进行综述,包括以图像增强和去噪为目的的预处理方法,基于阈值分割、边缘检测和种子生长的空间域识别算法,以小波变换为代表的频域识别算法,基于有监督学习的识别算法及其他裂缝识别方法;指出既有裂缝识别算法存在易受光照和油污等因素的影响、裂缝识别图像连续性差和识别速度和精度较低等不足.最后,提出综合考虑边界和区域特征消除纹理和噪声干扰、基于局部和全局信息设计优化识别算法和基于三维图像进行裂缝识别等研究展望,为裂缝自动识别算法的改进提供参考.     

基于灰度共生矩阵和单尺度MRF的纹理图像分割

为改善纹理图像分割效果,提出一种基于灰度共生矩阵和单尺度MRF的纹理图像分割方法．这种方法考虑到纹理信息在空间内的结构特征以及一个像素与周围像素作用的特性关系,采用灰度共生矩阵的几个二次统计量作为纹理特征向量,利用K-means聚类获得起始分割,然后联合建立MRF的特征场与标号场模型．实验表明,此方法提高了分割准确度与一致性．     

Unsupervised spatio-temporal segmentation for extracting moving objects in video sequences

Extraction of moving objects is an important and fundamental research topic for many video ap-plications. This paper addresses an unsupervised spatio-temporal segmentation scheme to extract moving objects from video sequences. The temporal segmentation localizes moving objects by comparing the motion vector of each block in each frame with the corresponding global motion vector estimated by an outlier rejection (OR) based method. Furthermore, the temporal compensation utilizing the temporal coherence of moving objects is considered in the temporal segmentation to solve the temporarily stopping problem. The detected moving regions usually have discontinuous boundaries and some holes. These regions are then compensated in the spatial domain. In the spatial segmentation, the watershed algorithm considering the global information improves the accuracy of segmentation in the spatial domain. The modified mean filter is presented to suppress some minima. By using a fusion module, moving objects are extracted. Experiments on various sequences have successfully demonstrated the validity of the proposed scheme.     

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针对城市交通管理控制中对于宏观交通状态分析的需求,提出了一种新型的大范围交通状态观测分析方法。首先依据路网中各个路口的综合交通状态值,利用逐点内插法,得到整个路网范围内各个路口之间区域的虚拟交通状态值,并通过状态值到色彩值之间的映射变换生成直观生动描述大范围路网交通状态的交通状态伪色彩图;接着利用Otsu图像分割算法,将交通状态伪色彩图进行分割,自动发现其中的拥堵区域;随后利用基于梯度的光流法,提取出图中呈现出的典型交通状态演化模式,用于指导宏观交通管理和控制;最后,利用北京市实际的交通数据进行的仿真研究证实了该算法的有效性。     

基于改进PCNN模型的车辆阴影消除方法

消除车辆阴影对图像分割的影响是车辆自动监控系统中亟待解决的问题。针对阴影具有方向和大小不确定性的特点,充分利用脉冲耦合神经网络模型优良的图像分割能力,结合阴影属性,提出一种基于改进的脉冲耦合神经网络模型的运动车辆阴影消除方法。此方法无需建立道路背景模型与车辆阴影模型,在消除车辆阴影的同时能较好地保留车牌、车窗以及车标等车体的重要信息,为车体定位、特征提取等处理奠定良好的基础。大量现场图像测试结果验证了该方法消除车辆阴影的有效性,可广泛地应用于自然环境中车辆阴影的消除。     

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交通气象智能信息服务系统是实现在互联网上更加方便、快捷、自动的搜索到用户所需要的信息的应用平台，该系统不同于现有的限制性搜索模式，首先结合分词系统，采用句型分析算法，并结合系统本身建立的信息检索规则库对用户的输入进行智能分析，然后通过平台内部建立的信息查询索引结构对相关信息进行综合，最终使用户得到更准确的信息。     

Apriori and N-gram Based Chinese Text Feature Extraction Method

A feature extraction, which means extracting the representative words from a text, is an important issue in text mining field. This paper presented a new Apriori and N-gram based Chinese text feature extraction method, and analyzed its correctness and performance. Our method solves the question that the exist extraction methods cannot find the frequent words with arbitrary length in Chinese texts. The experimental results show this method is feasible.     

Active Contours and Mumford-Shah Segmentation Based on Level Sets

IntroductionThe basic idea in active contour models orsnakes is to evolve a curve,subject to constraintsfrom a given image,in order to detect objects inthat image.For instance,starting with a curvearound the object to be detected,the curve movestoward its interior normal and has to stop on theboundary of the object.LetΩ be a bounded open subset of R2 ,with Ω its boundary. Let u0 ∶Ω→ R be a given image,and C( s)∶ [0 ,1 ]→ R2 be a parameterized curve. Inthe classical snakes and active…     

A Novel Method for Character Segmentation in Natural Scenes

Introduction Nowadays the applications of scene text recog-nition are rapidly expanding with the developmentof portable digital imaging devices[1]. However,character extraction from scene images has alwaysbeen a challenging problem due to complex back-ground, uneven illumination, shadows and noise ofimages[2]. Besides, languages also impose anotherlevel of variation in text. Characters in such lan-guages as Chinese, Japanese and Korean are usual-ly composed of several strokes, which do not n…     

基于MapInfo的城市公交查询系统的设计与实现

研究城市公交查询系统的设计与实现。利用动态分段技术,建立了基于MapInfo的动态分段数据结构,充分考虑乘客出行心理,提出了公交出行最优路径算法,设计了城市公交查询系统,实现输入查询信息或直接对地图操作来获得出行最优路线和换乘方案,提高乘客出行的便利性和高效性。