水平地震作用下土工格栅填土边坡动力研究

文章基于三维拉格朗日有限差分的原理,用拟静力法和动力法来分析土工格栅填土边坡的动力特性和抗震性能。研究结果表明土工格栅能很好地提高填土体的强度和抗震性能;动力法计算结果比拟静立法计算结果更为安全,且只有动力法才能分析出填土边坡失稳的主因。     

基于正装迭代法的斜拉桥二次调索计算方法研究

索力计算是斜拉桥二次调索的关键技术环节。文章以一座采用二次调索施工的斜拉桥为例,介绍了运用结合影响矩阵的正装迭代法计算斜拉桥二次调索施工索力的方法,并通过施工过程仿真分析,验证了该方法计算结果精确,能有效控制斜拉桥施工过程的内力与线形,确保设计成桥状态得以实现。     

Formal scientific research of traffic collision data utilizing GIS

This paper explores the tenuous link between speeding behavior and accident causation, one that has not been well established in the international literature to date. Taking advantage of established engineering conventions and formulae, we were able to set up an a priori hypothesis suitable for testing. Utilizing this formal scientific method (which GIS researchers have been criticised for not using) we establish a statistical link for this relationship. Our methodology can be used to support all police intervention strategies, including the controversial photo radar systems. The results from our research have been entered into a GIS in order to create a map for spatial display. This map illustrates the relative probability or risk of collision occurrence resulting from speeding at all intersections and interchanges within the scope of the study. It is suggested that this methodology could easily be maintained with periodic updates of data, thus creating a dynamic model from which to monitor traffic safety within the city. Furthermore, this model can be utilized to study specific strategies, allowing for the scrutiny of before, during and after effects. The study area is the entire city of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, and includes all traffic collisions occurring during the year of 1994.     

Direct formulation and algorithms for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment problem

This paper proposes simple and direct formulation and algorithms for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment problem. It is only necessary to account for random variables independent of link flows by performing a simple transformation of the perceived link travel time with a normal distribution. At every iteration of a Monte-Carlo simulation procedure, the values of the random variables are sampled based on their probability distributions, and then a regular deterministic user equilibrium assignment is carried out to produce link flows. The link flows produced at each iteration of the Monte-Carlo simulation are averaged to yield the final flow pattern. Two test networks demonstrate that the proposed algorithms and the traditional algorithm (the Method of Successive Averages) produce similar results and that the proposed algorithms can be extended to the computation of the case in which the random error term depends on measured travel time.     

Development and calibration of a long-distance passenger traffic assignment model

This paper studies the assignment of long-distance passenger traffic on a highway corridor network. First, we propose a traditional model for the long-distance traffic assignment considering interactions with local commuter traffic. It addresses the effect of local networks on highway corridors. An iterative algorithm is developed to solve for the exact solution. Then, to address the potential computational issues that arise therein, a decomposition method is proposed by introducing a new concept of corridor elasticity. An assignment procedure for long-distance passenger traffic is developed accordingly. Numerical tests show that the proposed decomposition method makes significant improvements in computational performance at a small loss of optimality. This decomposition method well approximates the exact assignment from the traditional formulation, especially when the highway corridors are near-saturation. The proposed decomposition method appears practical for application.     

混凝土薄壁箱形结构横向温度应力解析计算方法

为了改进和提高求解混凝土薄壁箱形结构横向温度应力计算方法的适用范围和精度,运用结构力学的方法将薄壁箱形结构比拟成框架结构,对不同温度模式下箱形结构横向温度应力的计算方法进行推导;按求解无铰拱内力的弹性中心法对力法方程进行简化,导出了求解薄壁箱形横向温度应力的解析计算公式。为验证解析计算法的正确性和精度,分别采用解析计算法和有限元程序对一个典型算例进行了对比分析。结果表明：解析计算法计算得到的横向温度应力结果与有限元分析结果吻合很好,且解析计算法具有较好的精度,适于工程应用;该解析法能够考虑各箱壁厚度不等和温差不同的情况,较既有求解横向温度应力的解析法有较大的改进。     

高地应力软岩隧道施工变形控制方法试验研究

为了研究高地应力软岩隧道施工变形控制方法,以兰渝铁路木寨岭隧道为例,通过对超前导洞法与三台阶法进行现场试验,分析了2种施工方法在高地应力软岩地层的变形控制效果,总结了三台阶法施工各阶段的围岩变形规律,主要结论为： 1）超前导洞法与三台阶法施工,隧道中台阶是变形控制的重点; 2）2种方法对高地应力软岩大变形总体控制效果相近,应结合其施工效率进行比选; 3）隧道开挖后应及早施作仰拱,这对控制隧道变形极为有利。     

衬砌劣化对水下盾构隧道变形的影响分析

针对目前世界最大直径水下盾构隧道的工程背景和劣化环境,通过分析衬砌劣化机理和行业规范标准确定了以有效厚度考量衬砌结构劣化,采用强度折减原理对强度参数进行逐步地折减,建立了考虑地层土性和覆土厚度影响的水下盾构隧道衬砌劣化模型,运用数值计算方法分析了衬砌劣化的多种组合工况,从而对衬砌劣化引起上海长江隧道（崇明越江通道）变形的特征表现和趋势规律进行了研究和探讨。研究结果表明：基于有效厚度折减的衬砌劣化分析方法能够有效地反映劣化后隧道结构的整体变形状况,且计算结果可靠合理,可为盾构隧道健康状态诊断与分析提供理论依据和技术支持,也可为运营管理部门正确及时的养护维修提供借鉴和指导。     

北江特大桥左汊主航道桥多跨合龙施工及流程优化分析

对北江特大桥边跨合龙、中跨合龙、成桥以后的多个阶段进行了有限元模拟,发现施工过程中的顶推力施加不合理等诸多问题。在此基础上进行的优化处理,使得主梁的竖向位移得到了较好地控制,固结墩的侧弯和预应力次效应在墩顶产生的次弯矩数值有明显地减小,固结墩的受力更加均衡。优化施工流程可使施工顺序更加合理,从而为桥梁合龙段施工提供一定参考。     

基于数理统计的区域公路旅客运输调查指标重要性排序

针对我国公路运输量调查统计指标单一的现状,采用数理统计方法对调查数据服务主体的需求情况进行定量分析.从实物量指标、价值量指标、运输效率指标以及燃油消耗指标4方面提出区域公路旅客运输调查指标体系的主体框架;通过分析需求调查的有效样本,建立区域公路旅客运输调查指标重要性排序的数理统计模型;基于数理统计方法对公路运输量调查指标进行排序.研究结果表明,需求调查结果可靠,不同用户对区域公路旅客运输统计指标需求强烈.