船舶调度闸外编排算法

为了提高船闸的通过能力,优化船舶进闸调度,分析了三峡船闸船舶的平均过闸间隔时间,提出了闸外编排的概念,分析了船舶在进闸调度中的操作流程,以安全性和进闸耗时为目标,建立了闸外编排的数学模型,设计了相应的启发式求解算法,将模型的目标和约束条件通过启发式方法生成船舶在闸外的排序法则。数值试验分析结果表明闸外编排数学模型切实可行,排序算法可以生成安全高效的进闸方案,闸外编排的实现考虑了船舶进闸时间和安全性原则,缩短了闸次间隔时间,提高了日开闸次数,有效地提高了通航设施的整体通过能力。     

多特征融合的船舶轨迹相异度模型分析与优选

基于船舶自动识别系统轨迹,构建了船舶轨迹静态相异度模型、动态相异度模型以及组合相异度模型,包括轨迹起点和终点相异度模型、轨迹长度相异度模型、轨迹空间分布相异度模型、轨迹航速均值相异度模型、轨迹航向均值相异度模型、轨迹航速标准差相异度模型和轨迹航向标准差相异度模型;采用KNN分类算法进行轨迹分类,分析了单个相异度模型的有效性和时效性,对比了单个相异度模型和组合相异度模型下轨迹分类效果,研究了组合相异度模型中相异度模型的类别和权重对轨迹分类的影响;分别以内河航道和港口水域船舶轨迹进行试验。试验结果显示：在采用单个相异度的情况下,就分类效果而言,轨迹起点和终点相异度模型和轨迹航向均值相异度模型在内河航道和港口水域船舶轨迹分类效果均优于其他模型,而基于轨迹航速均值相异度模型和轨迹航速标准差相异度模型的轨迹分类效果最低,就分类效率而言,基于航速、航向均值和标准差的相异度模型耗时明显低于其他3个相异度模型;采用组合相异度进行轨迹分类,内河航道和港口水域船舶轨迹分类结果的基于精确率和召回率的宏平均值和微平均值均能接近99%;将组合相异度中相异度类别数由4个增加到7个,轨迹分类评估结果进一步得到提高。因此,单个相异度模型中以轨迹起点和终点相异度模型、轨迹航向均值相异度模型以及轨迹空间分布相异度模型分类效果最优且稳定,而轨迹空间分布相异度模型和轨迹长度相异度模型耗时明显高于其他方式,各相异度模型在不同场景中的适应性基本相似,通过增加组合相异度中相异度类别能够提高轨迹识别效果。     

Tuning of transfer functions for analysis of wave–ship interactions

Transfer functions are often used together with a wave spectrum for analysis of wave–ship interactions, where one application addresses the prediction of wave-induced motions or other types of global responses. This paper presents a simple and practical method which can be used to tune the transfer function of such responses to facilitate improved prediction capability. The input to the method consists of a measured response, i.e. time series sequences from a given sensor, the 2D wave spectrum characterising the seaway in which the measurements are taken, and an initial estimate of the transfer function for the response in study. The paper presents results obtained using data from an in-service container ship. The 2D wave spectra are taken from the ERA5 database, while the transfer function is computed by a simple closed-form expression. The paper shows that the application of the tuned transfer function leads to predictions which are significantly improved compared to using the transfer function without tuning.     

基于ANN的船舶撞击高桩码头群桩损伤位置预测

本文采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了船舶撞击高桩码头群桩的空间有限元模型。通过计算评估了撞击力、桩体刚度、撞击位置和撞击角度下对群桩结构损伤位置的影响。基于人工神经网络(ANN)方法,对不同参数组合下的群桩结构损伤位置进行了预测,并对ANN方法的可行性进行了评估。     

考虑横向漂移的船舶路径跟踪自抗扰控制

针对船舶运动系统中内部动态不确定和外部干扰等问题,进行了欠驱动船舶路径跟踪的自抗扰方法研究。利用Backstepping设计参考航向角,并通过线性扩张状态观测器对流干扰和横向运动引起的横向漂移进行估计。其次,根据自抗扰算法对航向进行控制,采用线性扩张状态观测器对外界干扰及内部不确定项进行估计。最后仿真结果表明,在风流干扰下所设计的控制器仍能使船准确地跟踪上参考路径,验证了所提控制方案的有效性。     

Comparing different contour methods with response-based methods for extreme ship response analysis

Environmental contours are often applied in probabilistic structural reliability analysis to identify extreme environmental conditions that may give rise to extreme loads and responses. They facilitate approximate long term analysis of critical structural responses in situations where computationally heavy and time-consuming response calculations makes full long-term analysis infeasible. The environmental contour method identifies extreme environmental conditions that are expected to give rise to extreme structural response of marine structures. The extreme responses can then be estimated by performing response calculations for environmental conditions along the contours.Response-based analysis is an alternative, where extreme value analysis is performed on the actual response rather than on the environmental conditions. For complex structures, this is often not practical due to computationally heavy response calculations. However, by establishing statistical emulators of the response, using machine learning techniques, one may obtain long time-series of the structural response and use this to estimate extreme responses.In this paper, various contour methods will be compared to response-based estimation of extreme vertical bending moment for a tanker. A response emulator based on Gaussian processes regression with adaptive sampling has been established based on response calculations from a hydrodynamic model. Long time-series of sea-state parameters such as significant wave height and wave period are used to construct N-year environmental contours and the extreme N-year response is estimated from numerical calculations for identified sea states. At the same time, the response emulator is applied on the time series to provide long time-series of structural response, in this case vertical bending moment of a tanker. Extreme value analysis is then performed directly on the responses to estimate the N-year extreme response. The results from either method will then be compared, and it is possible to evaluate the accuracy of the environmental contour method in estimating the response. Moreover, different contour methods will be compared.     

Studies on emergency evacuation management for maritime transportation

Marine transportation is a vital component of the world’s economy and transportation network. The number of people using passenger ships around the globe is increasing worldwide. Similar to other transportation systems, passenger safety is critical in maritime shipment. As emergency evacuation processes for ships are highly different from and more complicated than those for buildings and other vehicles, many researchers have published a vast range of documents related to this peculiar research area. However, there is a tangible lack of sufficient literature review studies that investigate marine emergency evacuation (MEE). That being the case, the potential of marine transportation and the effect of emergency evacuation operation on life safety have inspired the proposal of this study. This paper offers a review of the available literature on MEE modelling, analysis and planning during the period from 1973 to 2017 using a systematic approach. After reviewing relevant academic journals, peer-reviewed conference papers, and technical reports of agencies, relevant literature is analysed. In addition, the literature review is extended by means of proposing a framework methodology which considers different possible conditions and situations during MEE. Finally, insights for ship managers and policymakers are discussed and potential future research directions are identified.     

船舶甲板智能抛丸机器人设计

为解决在船舶外场涂装阶段除锈和拉毛施工效率低、质量不稳定、环境污染严重等问题,设计一款用于船舶甲板的智能抛丸机器人。简介该型机器人系统组成,阐述其抛丸分系统、除尘分系统和越障辅助机构的硬件设计及其软件设计,并设计手动遥控和自主导引操作方式。实船测试结果表明,该型机器人可满足船舶甲板除锈清理的工作要求。     

面向生产管理信息化的涂装智能设计系统

研究分析涂装设计工艺流程、涂装生产管理流程及涂装机器人工艺参数，整理分析涂装工艺数据、生产管理信息和涂装机器人的工艺特征，对这些数据进行整理归纳，理清他们之间的逻辑关系，形成数据接口，通过数据库系统完成涂装规范化设计和生产管理以及涂装机器人的对接。     

集美大学教学实习船“育德”轮总体设计

"育德"轮是上海船舶研究设计院为集美大学设计的用于航海专业教学实习、科学研究兼顾货物运输的教学实习船。该船是目前世界吨位最大的教学实习船,配备了功能齐全的教学设施、先进的科研设备以及舒适的学习生活环境。该船还具有安全性高、绿色环保和经济性优异等特点。