验证荷载条件下既有梁桥可靠度分析

分析了抗力服从不同先验分布时其后验分布的数字特征变化规律,建立了验证荷载条件下的抗力概率模型;结合条件概率的方法,建立了验证荷载条件下的结构可靠指标计算公式.并从验证荷载前后结构功能函数相关系数、验证荷载取值等方面对一实例桥梁进行了可靠度分析,同时研究了恒载参数、活载参数对考虑验证荷载的既有桥梁结构可靠度的影响.结果表...     

水工薄壁混凝土结构温控参数的敏感性分析

针对薄壁混凝土结构特点以及施工期易产生裂缝问题,阐述了温度应力是产生这类裂缝的主要原因,认为表面保温厚度、内部水管水温和浇筑温度是影响结构温度场应力场的主要因素.以实际工程为依托,结合混凝土温度场应力场的基本原理和水管冷却的精确算法,运用三维有限单元法对温控参数保温板厚度、水管水温和浇筑温度进行了敏感性分析,得出了不同温控参数的影响程度和特性.     

一种基于HCCI模式的参比油简化机制及其验证

引入数值模拟精度的定义,采用两组分参比油模拟了HCCI发动机点火过程,对Youngchul Ra和Rolf D. Reitz提出的正庚烷与异辛烷氧化过程进行敏感性分析及优化处理,对H.J.Curran的详细反应机理进行数值验证,在验证范围(初始温度530~600 K,当量比0.3~0.8,压缩比12.5~28)的大部分区域内,优化后简化模型的数值模拟结果满足一级精度。利用HCCI发动机的三维CFD耦合化学动力学模型,模拟缸内燃烧流动过程,得到缸内压力及中间产物和燃烧相位的关系,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

岩质边坡参数敏感度数值分析

文章利用有限元数值模拟技术,计算在坡顶极限荷载作用下,以坡脚剪应力最大值之比K为评价指标,探讨岩质边坡各参数的变化对边坡稳定性的影响,并分析边坡稳定性对各参数的敏感程度,明确了凝聚力为边坡稳定的敏感参数,是边坡稳定性的控制因素;内摩擦角对边坡稳定性的影响也较明显。     

黄土地区地铁施工地层参数敏感性分析

针对黄土地区某地铁区间隧道盾构施工引起地层沉降位移,通过FLAC3D三维有限差分软件,模拟了实际地层条件及盾构施工方法,分析了地层的弹性模量、黏聚力、摩擦角对地表沉降的影响。研究得到了黄土地层弹性模量、黏聚力、摩擦角对数值仿真运算的影响范围,对工程的设计和施工起到了一定的指导意义。     

干拌法橡胶粉改性沥青混合料高温时间敏感性分析

在实验室中用干拌法制作橡胶粉改性沥青混合料试件。将搅拌好的沥青混合热料在搅拌锅中进行闷料处理,温度在恒温165℃,分别闷至0 min、15 min、30 min、45 min、60 min,然后用每个时间段的沥青混合料制成试验用的试件。试件做好后,分别进行马歇尔试验、浸水马歇尔实验和小梁弯曲实验,以评价橡胶粉改性沥青混合料的路用性能、低温抗裂性和水稳定性。用实验所得的数据对干拌法橡胶粉改性沥青混合料进行高温时间的敏感性分析。     

红砂岩水敏感性影响因素及路用性能改善措施

红砂岩的岩性决定了其是一种不良的公路路基填料。文中以瑞寻高速公路建设项目为依托,研究了两类江西省典型红砂岩化学成分及结构组成比例,并进一步研究了红砂岩对水的敏感性影响因素,进行了相关试验研究;提出了红砂岩填筑路基的性能改善措施。     

A multi-criteria decision method for the analysis of the Motorways of the Sea: the application to the case of France and Spain on the Atlantic Coast

Despite European Union (EU) political support to identify the most feasible Motorways of the Sea, the final decision can only be made by Private Shipping Companies, which are operators of a unique stretch of the intermodal chain. This paper provides a multi-criteria decision method to identify the most suitable Motorways of the Sea taking into account the competitiveness of whole intermodal routes versus the alternative of road transport from the loader’s perspective. The analysis is carried out assuming a ‘many-to-many’ transport model. Firstly indexes of time and cost were defined and evaluated for every available route in the model in accordance with a multi-criteria decision matrix. Secondly, through a Monte Carlo simulation a sensitivity analysis was carried out in order to evaluate the influence on the results of the forecast assumed to construct the matrix. The results obtained are not only quantitative, but also qualitative. The development of intermodal routes via Motorways of the Sea is especially relevant for the peripheral EU countries. Due to the relevance of the freight flow between France and Spain and the congestion of their connections through the Pyrenees, the method proposed was applied to the analysis of this particular case     

Are Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) Beneficial for Society? A Cost Benefit Analysis to Evaluate their Potential Implementation in Spain

Abstract

In this paper we carry out a thorough review of the current research related to the benefits and costs arising from the implementation of longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs). From this review we concluded that despite the many studies available, little has been said about the sensitivity of the benefits and costs to the ultimate performance of the key variables related to the evolution of the economy, road transport performance, safety, and so on. In order to fill this gap, we have designed a sensitivity approach based on a cost benefit analysis tool to determine which variables demonstrate the greatest influence on the benefits and costs stemming from the implementation of LHVs. In order to test the methodology, we have used it in an analysis of the Spanish trunk network. The results show that the benefits of LHVs for society are significant. Even in the least favorable scenario, the economic benefits are greater than €3500 million over 15 years, and the environment enhanced as well, for CO₂ emissions are reduced by 2 Million tonnes. Overall we noted how the results are not very sensitive to the evolution of key variables in determining the final outcome. However, we found that the variables that have the greatest affect on the final benefit, such as traffic growth and social discount rate, depend basically on the performance of the overall economy. Moreover, the private cost for haulers seems to be more important in determining the final benefit than externality costs.     

基于响应面法的双前桥转向机构参数优化

针对某重型双前桥转向汽车轮胎磨损严重的问题,运用Adams/View建立了该型汽车双前桥转向机构的运动学模型,对其进行了运动学及转向性能仿真分析。针对第二桥车轮实际转角与理想转角之间差异较大的问题,采用灵敏度分析的方法,找出对转角差异影响较大的因子,在Adams/Insight中,使用响应面分析方法,对双前桥转向机构的参数进行了优化。对比优化前后的转角差异可知,实际转角与理想转角之间的差异得到了有效控制,从而降低了轮胎的磨损。