回填土区深层搅拌桩和高压旋喷桩复合地基的静承载性能

结合实际工程现场静载试验,采用有限元计算方法研究了桩长和桩土模量比对深层搅拌桩和高压旋喷桩复合地基在回填土中的桩体承载特性、荷载传递及复合地基变形特性的影响。结果表明,在回填土区,深层搅拌桩以桩体上部破坏为主,增加桩长不能有效地提高复合地基承载力,增加桩体强度尤其是上部桩体的强度则能够较大地提高复合地基承载力,高压旋喷桩可有效增强回填土地基的承载力。提出的桩体弹性模量取值范围可供设计参考。     

高填深切路段装配式预制通涵的受力分析和加固处理

以某高速公路建设中高填深切路段的新工艺（装配式预制通涵）为对象，介绍分析其整体受力情况和加固处理措施，其内容可作为同类工程的参考。     

苏州中心地下空间超长结构温度应力分析

苏州中心建筑平面尺寸巨大,因超长产生的温度应力对结构的影响较为显著。通过分析地下结构从施工到投入正常使用全过程中可能受到的温度荷栽的类型,利用线性分布法计算作用在建筑物上温度荷栽.总结出确定温度作用的计算工况。并以苏州中心地下空间结构为例,介绍了温度应力的计算方法。实际计算表明,降温荷载在框架梁和楼板中产生较大拉应力.楼板开洞部位拉应力集中,温度作用在框架柱中产生剪力和弯矩,在工程设计时必须充分考虑。     

偏压隧道处治措施及稳定性分析

以上瑞高速公路怀新段第8合同段青山冲隧道为工程实例,针对左线出口端洞口浅埋偏压情况,为了节约工程投资,实施了反压回填的处治方案,采用数值模拟分析及现场监控量测数据分析了偏压隧道支护结构的受力状态和稳定性,可供类似工程参考。     

城市管道对于软土地基沥青路面影响分析

该文针对软土地区城市道路地下管道对于沥青路面的不利影响进行分析,采用有限元方法分析了管道周边和上部土基的模量对于沥青面层内部剪应力的影响,并与容许剪切强度进行了对比.提出必须采取合理措施增加管道周边的土基强度,从而有效地避免沥青路面的剪切破坏.     

Normal and shear forces in the contact patch of a braked racing tyre. Part 1: results from a finite-element model

In this first part of a two-part article, a previously described and validated finite-element model of a racing-car tyre is developed further to yield detailed information on carcass deflections and contact pressure and shear stress distributions for a steady rolling, slipping, and cambered tyre. Variations in running conditions simulated include loads of 1500, 3000 and 4500 N, camber angles of 0° and ?3°, and longitudinal slips from 0% to?20%. Special attention is paid to heavy braking, in which context the aligning moment is of great interest. Results generated are in broad agreement with limited experimental results from the literature and they provide considerable insight into how the tyre deforms and how the contact stresses are distributed as functions of the running conditions. Generally, each rib of the tyre behaves differently from the others, especially when the wheel is cambered. The results form a basis for the development of a simpler physical tyre model, the purpose of which is to retain accuracy over the full operating range while demanding much less computational resource. The physical tyre model is the topic of the second part of the article.     

温度对盐渍土抗剪强度和变形特性的影响

为了明确因冻结温度和结晶差异造成的温度对盐渍土抗剪强度和变形特性的影响，以高含盐量和不同盐分类型的盐渍土为研究对象开展试验研究。首先，选用青藏高原察尔汗-格尔木高速公路沿线采集的含盐量为10%~36%的氯盐含量高、硫酸盐含量低的盐渍土土样（HC-1，HC-2）和硫酸盐含量较高而氯盐含量较低的盐渍土土样（CS）3种高含盐量盐渍土作为试验土样，对3种土样进行冻结温度试验，验证其降温至-20℃时，土体不会发生冻结。其次，在5个不同控制温度（-20℃、-10℃、0℃、10℃和20℃）下，分别进行盐渍土直剪试验以得出温度与抗剪强度参数关系函数。最后，分析温度对抗剪强度和弹性模量的影响，同时，利用数值拟合建立考虑温度影响下的盐渍土抗剪强度和切线弹性模量公式。研究结果表明：当温度由20℃降低至-10℃，3种盐渍土的抗剪强度和初始切线弹性模量均增大后趋于峰值，而随温度继续降低至-20℃后，HC-1和HC-2土样指标呈下降趋势，CS土样各参数结果却趋于稳定；不同含盐类型的盐渍土，温度对其破坏比R_f的影响也不同；在温度由20℃降至-20℃的过程中，HC土样的R_f在-10℃出现峰值，且在较低荷载（100 kPa）下，呈现出先增大后减小的特点，在较高荷载（200，300，400 kPa）下呈现出先增大后趋缓的特点；CS土样的R_f在20℃~10℃、10℃~-10℃和-10℃~-20℃降温段呈现出先增大中趋缓后减小的分段式变化特点。     

Multiaxial stress creep rupture mechanisms of AZ31 magnesium alloy

The maximum principal stresses, von Mises effective stresses and principal facet stresses at the time of creep rupture were compared in uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial stress states for AZ31 magnesium alloy. The creep rupture of this alloy was experimentally controlled by cavitation, which was the result of a low damage tolerance, λ. Creep deformation could be correlated with the von Mises effective stress parameter. The failure-mechanism control parameter governing the stress state coincided with the experimental results of the rupture of the materials under multiaxial stress states. Finally, the theoretical prediction based on constrained cavity growth and continuous nucleation agreed with the experimental rupture data to within a factor of three.     

Influence of polygonal wear of railway wheels on the wheel set axle stress

The coupled vehicle/track dynamic model with the flexible wheel set was developed to investigate the effects of polygonal wear on the dynamic stresses of the wheel set axle. In the model, the railway vehicle was modelled by the rigid multibody dynamics. The wheel set was established by the finite element method to analyse the high-frequency oscillation and dynamic stress of wheel set axle induced by the polygonal wear based on the modal stress recovery method. The slab track model was taken into account in which the rail was described by the Timoshenko beam and the three-dimensional solid finite element was employed to establish the concrete slab. Furthermore, the modal superposition method was adopted to calculate the dynamic response of the track. The wheel/rail normal forces and the tangent forces were, respectively, determined by the Hertz nonlinear contact theory and the Shen–Hedrick–Elkins model. Using the coupled vehicle/track dynamic model, the dynamic stresses of wheel set axle with consideration of the ideal polygonal wear and measured polygonal wear were investigated. The results show that the amplitude of wheel/rail normal forces and the dynamic stress of wheel set axle increase as the vehicle speeds rise. Moreover, the impact loads induced by the polygonal wear could excite the resonance of wheel set axle. In the resonance region, the amplitude of the dynamic stress for the wheel set axle would increase considerably comparing with the normal conditions.     

潜艇耐压结构泵水和下潜状态应力分析

基于求解环肋柱壳的传统方法和有限元法,对潜艇耐压船体在受到内压和外压时应力状态进行了研究。根据传统理论和数值计算结果,对两种状态下的应力进行了详细的对比分析,可以得出受到内压状态时应力要小,并且随着设计潜深的加大两者的偏差也会加大。研究对正确理解泵水和下潜状态下应力之间的关系以及对潜艇结构设计都有重要意义。