聚脲涂层舷侧板架抗撞性能试验研究

针对船舶舷侧结构抗碰撞问题,开展有无聚脲涂层舷侧板架落锤试验研究。以某型舰船结构为依据建立舷侧板架有限元模型,利用瞬态动力学软件MSC/Dytran对模型进行数值仿真并确定落锤高度及试验工况。在此基础上,制作模型板架进行有无聚脲涂层舷侧板架落锤冲击试验,分别获得有涂层和无涂层舷侧板架在碰撞冲击载荷作用下的损伤变形、破口大小及碰撞力,对比研究聚脲材料的抗撞防护性能。结果表明,聚脲涂层的存在能够加强舷侧板架的耐撞防护性能。     

海事重点监管船舶定位系统黄浦江水域应用研究

海事重点监管船舶定位系统是针对上海黄浦江闵行段水域海事重点监管船舶逃逸问题而建设应用的系统。该系统前端设备独立性强,携带、装卸方便,应用功能尤其是报警功能全面及时可靠,已在黄浦江闵行段水域的海事监管应用中取得良好的效果,但仍存在硬件性能不足、定制化功能待完善、应用管理机制未建立等问题。文中针对该系统存在的问题提出了提高硬件性能、完善定制化应用功能及建立完善应用管理机制等建议,以期为海事重点船舶防逃逸监管提供一种高效、完善的解决方案。     

水力式升船机单井塔柱内对拉钢索优化布置

单井型塔柱结构极大改善了水力式升船机竖井水位同步性问题,但随着提升高度增大,竖井内水深越大,侧壁位移、弯矩过大等问题更加突出。以150米级单井塔柱为例,提出了竖井内布置对拉钢索的设想和简化布置方案。基于钢索拉力权重分配系数的优化方法,取得了钢索等应力的密度分布最优解,并离散转化为等效的等荷载布置方案,可在实际工程中应用。经有限元模型结果对比分析,等荷载布置与简化方案相比,最大位移可减小47.44%,纵竖向弯矩极值差别不大。与无钢索方案比较,最大位移、纵向弯矩、竖向弯矩可分别减小93.5%、74.36%、75.84%。高强钢索预应力方案值得进一步研究。     

引江济淮工程派河口船闸通航水流条件及改善措施

派河口船闸是引江济淮派河口枢纽重要组成部分,位于派河入巢湖口门段,建设条件复杂。综合已有工程、河道边界和相关规划,提出了复线船闸平面布置初拟方案。采用定床河工模型试验的技术手段对船闸下游引航道与口门区通航水流条件开展了详尽研究,探明了节制闸泄洪时下游通航水域纵向和横向表面流速、流态特征,分析了通航水流条件不满足规范要求的原因,指出可通过岸线平顺、新开泄洪分流通道和控制临界安全泄洪流量等措施进行改善。优化后的方案可满足设计要求,为工程设计和今后运行管理提供技术支撑。     

AS-900HL多平台激光雷达测量系统在河道地形测量中的应用

数字城市的发展对基础数据提出更高的要求,获取地表三维空间信息的需求日渐增加。AS-900HL多平台激光雷达测量系统是一种集成高精度激光扫描仪与惯性导航的系统,可搭载在多种平台进行数据采集,具有工作效率高、扫描速度快、测点密度大、成果形式多样等特点。以鸭绿江白马浪至云峰大坝段河道地形测量为实例,对AS-900HL在河道地形测量的应用进行探讨。该河段地形高低起伏巨大,不具备直接接触测量的条件,由于对岸是朝鲜,无法登陆架设远程测量设备,也不能采用无人机航飞,属于实施难度很大的特殊河段。通过踏勘、路线设计、外业采集、内业处理和成果输出,验证了该系统在河道地形测量中的可行性。该系统适用于河道地形测量,尤其在特殊困难河段,能填补常规测量技术无法施测的空缺,可推动数字航道和数字城市建设。     

城市大直径管道多维联合检测方法研究

探明地下污水管线运营的实际情况是后期维护的重要依据,而目前的探测方法不能全面掌握地下管线的精确探测问题。针对郑州地铁下穿污水管的运营情况,采用高密度电法、地质雷达检测技术,结合自行研发的浮于水面的彩色成像系统探测技术对其进行了间接探测和直观探测,找到了污水管渗漏、空洞及错位等问题,实现了对管道的多维立体监测,为地下管线的保护、修复和加固提供了技术支撑。     

Surf-riding and oscillations of a ship in quartering waves

The behavior of a ship encountering large regular waves from astern at low frequency is the object of investigation, with a parallel study of surf-riding and periodic motion paterns. First, the theoretical analysis of surf-riding is extended from purely following to quartering seas. Steady-state continuation is used to identify all possible surf-riding states for one wavelength. Examination of stability indicates the existence of stable and unstable states and predicts a new type of oscillatory surf-riding. Global analysis is also applied to determine the areas of state space which lead to surf-riding for a given ship and wave conditions. In the case of overtaking waves, the large rudder-yaw-surge oscillations of the vessel are examined, showing the mechanism and conditions responsible for loss of controllability at certain vessel headings.List of symbols c wave celerity (m/s) - C(p) roll damping moment (Ntm) - g acceleration of gravity (m/s²) - GM metacentric height (m) - H wave height (m) - I _x ,I _z roll and yaw ship moments of inertia (kg m²) - k wave number (m^–1) - K _H ,K _W ,K _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - K _p forces in the roll direction (Ntm) - m ship mass (kg) - n propeller rate of rotation (rpm) - N _H ,N _W ,N _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - N _P moments in the yaw direction (Ntm) - p roll angular velocity (rad/s) - r rate-of-turn (rad/s) - R(,x) restoring moment (Ntm) - Res(u) ship resistance (Nt) - t time (s) - u surge velocity (m/s) - U vessel speed (m/s) - v sway velocity (m/s) - W ship weight (Nt) - x longitudinal position of the ship measured from the wave system (m) - x _G ,z _G longitudinal and vertical center of gravity (m) - x _S longitudinal position of a ship section (S), in the ship-fixed system (m) - X _H ,X _W ,X _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - X _P forces in the surge direction (Nt) - y transverse position of the ship, measured from the wave system (m) - Y _H ,Y _W ,Y _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - Y _p forces in the sway direction (Nt) - z _Y vertical position of the point of action of the lateral reaction force during turn (m) - z _W vertical position of the point of action of the lateral wave force (m) Greek symbols angle of drift (rad) - rudder angle (rad) - wavelength (m) - position of the ship in the earth-fixed system (m) - water density (kg/m³) - angle of heel (rad) - heading angle (rad) - _e frequency of encounter (rad/s) Hydrodynamic coefficients K roll added mass - N _v ,N _r yaw acceleration coefficients - N _v N _r N _rr N _rrv ,N _vvr yaw velocity coefficients K. Spyrou: Ship behavior in quartering waves - X _u surge acceleration coefficient - X _u X _vr surge velocity coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r sway acceleration coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r ,Y _vv ,Y _rr ,Y _vr sway velocity coefficients European Union-nominated Fellow of the Science and Technology Agency of Japan, Visiting Researcher, National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering of Japan     

荷兰海军APAR多功能雷达系统及其开发经验

为充分发挥多功能优势,APAR雷达采用了高效控制手段,对雷达信号收/发时间和能量进行综合管理,综合平衡二者系统资源开支。APAR雷达波形设计还综合考虑了包括作战需求、接收信号特征、技术特征和参数等在内的各种因素。APAR雷达在系统设计、系统工程、详细设计与评估测试等方面均进行了总体规划,并很好地吸收了已有的技术积累,保证了系统最终成功。     

Tuning of transfer functions for analysis of wave–ship interactions

Transfer functions are often used together with a wave spectrum for analysis of wave–ship interactions, where one application addresses the prediction of wave-induced motions or other types of global responses. This paper presents a simple and practical method which can be used to tune the transfer function of such responses to facilitate improved prediction capability. The input to the method consists of a measured response, i.e. time series sequences from a given sensor, the 2D wave spectrum characterising the seaway in which the measurements are taken, and an initial estimate of the transfer function for the response in study. The paper presents results obtained using data from an in-service container ship. The 2D wave spectra are taken from the ERA5 database, while the transfer function is computed by a simple closed-form expression. The paper shows that the application of the tuned transfer function leads to predictions which are significantly improved compared to using the transfer function without tuning.     

基于ANN的船舶撞击高桩码头群桩损伤位置预测

本文采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了船舶撞击高桩码头群桩的空间有限元模型。通过计算评估了撞击力、桩体刚度、撞击位置和撞击角度下对群桩结构损伤位置的影响。基于人工神经网络(ANN)方法,对不同参数组合下的群桩结构损伤位置进行了预测,并对ANN方法的可行性进行了评估。