P70型棚车车体钢结构上侧梁旁弯工艺控制

对P70型通用棚车车体钢结构在生产过程中经常出现的上侧梁旁弯超差现象进行了分析,找到了原因,通过采用强制焊接及调整车顶弯梁的工艺尺寸等改进措施,使上侧梁旁弯满足了技术要求。     

城市轨道交通快线轮轨侧磨成因及防治

对目前轨道交通快线开通运营后轮轨侧磨情况进行深入调研,对轮轨侧磨的特点、成因进行分析,通过动力仿真计算,对比分析100 km/h轨道交通快线车辆与传统80km/h地铁车辆轮轨侧磨程度的差异,最后针对轨道交通快线的轮轨侧磨问题提出防治措施.     

Surf-riding and oscillations of a ship in quartering waves

The behavior of a ship encountering large regular waves from astern at low frequency is the object of investigation, with a parallel study of surf-riding and periodic motion paterns. First, the theoretical analysis of surf-riding is extended from purely following to quartering seas. Steady-state continuation is used to identify all possible surf-riding states for one wavelength. Examination of stability indicates the existence of stable and unstable states and predicts a new type of oscillatory surf-riding. Global analysis is also applied to determine the areas of state space which lead to surf-riding for a given ship and wave conditions. In the case of overtaking waves, the large rudder-yaw-surge oscillations of the vessel are examined, showing the mechanism and conditions responsible for loss of controllability at certain vessel headings.List of symbols c wave celerity (m/s) - C(p) roll damping moment (Ntm) - g acceleration of gravity (m/s²) - GM metacentric height (m) - H wave height (m) - I _x ,I _z roll and yaw ship moments of inertia (kg m²) - k wave number (m^–1) - K _H ,K _W ,K _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - K _p forces in the roll direction (Ntm) - m ship mass (kg) - n propeller rate of rotation (rpm) - N _H ,N _W ,N _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - N _P moments in the yaw direction (Ntm) - p roll angular velocity (rad/s) - r rate-of-turn (rad/s) - R(,x) restoring moment (Ntm) - Res(u) ship resistance (Nt) - t time (s) - u surge velocity (m/s) - U vessel speed (m/s) - v sway velocity (m/s) - W ship weight (Nt) - x longitudinal position of the ship measured from the wave system (m) - x _G ,z _G longitudinal and vertical center of gravity (m) - x _S longitudinal position of a ship section (S), in the ship-fixed system (m) - X _H ,X _W ,X _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - X _P forces in the surge direction (Nt) - y transverse position of the ship, measured from the wave system (m) - Y _H ,Y _W ,Y _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - Y _p forces in the sway direction (Nt) - z _Y vertical position of the point of action of the lateral reaction force during turn (m) - z _W vertical position of the point of action of the lateral wave force (m) Greek symbols angle of drift (rad) - rudder angle (rad) - wavelength (m) - position of the ship in the earth-fixed system (m) - water density (kg/m³) - angle of heel (rad) - heading angle (rad) - _e frequency of encounter (rad/s) Hydrodynamic coefficients K roll added mass - N _v ,N _r yaw acceleration coefficients - N _v N _r N _rr N _rrv ,N _vvr yaw velocity coefficients K. Spyrou: Ship behavior in quartering waves - X _u surge acceleration coefficient - X _u X _vr surge velocity coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r sway acceleration coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r ,Y _vv ,Y _rr ,Y _vr sway velocity coefficients European Union-nominated Fellow of the Science and Technology Agency of Japan, Visiting Researcher, National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering of Japan     

边角后方交会与公路路线测设

常规的交会定点方法对交会图形有一定的要求。本文讨论了边角同测的后方交会观测方法、计算原理和点位精度分析，并通过理论和实例验证了该方法的可行性。本文所述方法具有操作简便、选点灵活和不受交会图形限制等优点。     

高速公路岩质及不稳定边坡工程与生物防护结合技术研究

较为详细地质介绍了引进吸收的日本先进坡面防护技术——金属框架整体防护技术。此技术把工程防护与生物防护有效地结合起来，既保证了切割坡面的力学稳定性，又利用生物防护有效地绿化美化坡面，防止水土流失。对各种风化、兰风化岩石边堤及其它不稳定边坡的防护可产生良好的效果。     

三维植被网路基边坡防护

三维植被网作为一种新型的坡面防护材料 ,具有很好的使用性能和推广价值。本文详细介绍其特点、优点以及施工工艺。并给出运用实例     

砂堤的荷载与稳定性分析

结合福州闽江橘园洲砂堤工程 ,详细分析了砂堤受到的各项荷载 ,研究了反向渗流力对砂堤稳定安全系数的影响 ,结果说明 ,反向渗流力对稳定所起的作用有时是相当可观的。本文通过大量计算 ,探讨了在几种情况下反向渗流力对稳定安全系数的影响 ,结果显示强度指标组合、坡比对反向渗流力所起作用的程度影响不明显 ,而上、下游水位差成为显著的影响因素。当水位差与堤身高度的比例到 70 %时 ,考虑反向渗流力将使安全系数提高 2 5 %以上     

人工挖孔嵌岩桩的受力机理试验研究

根据人工挖孔嵌岩桩的静载试验资料，分析了短粗的人工挖孔嵌岩桩的承载特性和荷载传递机理。     

主动悬架系统对汽车侧翻稳定性改善分析

针对被动悬架系统侧翻稳定性比较差的问题,提出采用主动悬架系统的方法进行改善。通过汽车侧倾运动状态分析,建立了被动悬架系统、主动悬架系统和控制系统模型。模拟分析得到主动悬架系统使得汽车在弯道行驶时的侧倾角有效值下降了92.8%,侧倾角加速度有效值下降了78.2%,侧翻因子有效值下降了92.6%。结果表明:利用主动悬架系统可以有效地降低汽车非直线行驶时的侧倾角以及侧倾角加速度,提高汽车的侧翻稳定性,是提高汽车非直线行驶状态下安全性的一个合理的解决方案。     

Tuning of transfer functions for analysis of wave–ship interactions

Transfer functions are often used together with a wave spectrum for analysis of wave–ship interactions, where one application addresses the prediction of wave-induced motions or other types of global responses. This paper presents a simple and practical method which can be used to tune the transfer function of such responses to facilitate improved prediction capability. The input to the method consists of a measured response, i.e. time series sequences from a given sensor, the 2D wave spectrum characterising the seaway in which the measurements are taken, and an initial estimate of the transfer function for the response in study. The paper presents results obtained using data from an in-service container ship. The 2D wave spectra are taken from the ERA5 database, while the transfer function is computed by a simple closed-form expression. The paper shows that the application of the tuned transfer function leads to predictions which are significantly improved compared to using the transfer function without tuning.