我国国际航运业体制改革的初步思考

体制改革是我国国际航运业摆脱困境,进一步市场化和国际化的必由之路。航运企业的体制改革必须建立现代企业制度,真正实现产权明晰、责权分明、政企分开、管理科学的管理模式,必须进一步加强管理,改善服务,实现企业的体制创新和制度创新;加强企业经营机制的转变,加速市场化和国际化进程,以适应国际航运市场的运作惯例和竞争环境。     

集装箱运输的发展及我国航运公司的发展策略

介绍了近几年国际集装箱班轮市场的发展情况及所呈现的趋势;然后分析了我国的集装箱班轮公司在国际海运市场竞争中的优劣;最后为我国航运企业的发展提出了几点建议。     

Risk perception affecting the performance of shipping companies: the moderating effect of China and Korea

Risks in the shipping industry have been highlighted and have attracted significant attention, especially following the bankruptcy of Hanjin in 2017. Due to the decrease in container volume, the business environment for large shipping companies in China has deteriorated. Therefore, major large shipping companies have implemented mixed ownership reform, which provides more opportunities for large Korean shipping companies to enter the Chinese shipping industry. This study first identifies risk perception, specifically focusing on the moderating effect of Chinese and Korean shipping companies, and then demonstrates the impact of these risks on shipping company performance. The results show that market, operational, and technical risks have a negative influence on Chinese shipping companies, whereas market, policy, financial, operations, and technical risks have a negative influence on Korean shipping companies. This study contributes to the fundamental understanding of the effect of risk perception on performance among shipping companies in both countries and calls for further research on risk management plans based on the risk factors identified herein. On a practical level, this study provides an important reference for operators and investors who seek to enter strategic alliances or joint venture in Chinese shipping industry.     

Exploring vessel-price dynamics: the case of the dry bulk market

We investigate second-hand vessel price heterogeneity. Based on a sample of 5,591 purchase and sale transactions in the dry bulk sector over the period 1998–2016, we deploy a nonparametric regression technique to assess the determinants of vessel price and vessel price variability. Next, we use quantile regression to estimate the effect of regressors (sources of heterogeneity) at different parts of the vessel price distribution. We find evidence that main sources of vessel price heterogeneity are the age of the ship (the older the vessel the higher its maintenance cost), the 3-month LIBOR (reflecting the cost of financing) and the annual charter rate (revenues from operation). Their influence is stronger at all higher quantiles (periods of expansion) and the median of the vessel price distribution.     

新时代下高职港口与航运管理专业“专创融合”路径探析

新时代背景下,高职院校专业教育与双创教育融合(简称"专创融合")是必然趋势。本文以港口与航运管理专业为载体,在研究综述的基础上,从专业双创教育现状、两者融合路径、保障举措等方面对专业教育与双创教育有机融合进行研究,培养高素质的创新型技术技能人才。本文不仅能促进学生可持续发展,而且为国内高职院校相关专业开展双创教育教学改革提供借鉴参考作用。     

A risk assessment model with systematical uncertainty treatment for container shipping operations

ABSTRACT

The substantial adverse effects of risk factors on container shipping and logistics promoted a deep integration of risk analysis into the decision-making process. This paper aims to develop a well-grounded quantitative model to operational risk in a container shipping context. Considering uncertainty as a primary component of the risk concept, methods were employed in an inter-complementary manner to enable not only a sense of foreseeability but also a deeper look into the weaknesses of the knowledge base. The intersubjectivity of the input extraction process was supported by the Evidential Reasoning (ER) algorithm. Risks are then assessed based on a Fuzzy Rules Bayesian Network (FRBN) model with a 2-level parameter structure before meaningful interpretations can be derived through a new risk mapping approach. Besides an illustrative case study, the model was tested by sensitivity analysis and an examination of multiple validity claims.     

Ship resistance when operating in floating ice floes: A combined CFD&DEM approach

Whilst climate change is transforming the Arctic into a navigable ocean where small ice floes are floating on the sea surface, the effect of such ice conditions on ship performance has yet to be understood. The present work combines a set of numerical methods to simulate the ship-wave-ice interaction in such ice conditions. Particularly, Computational Fluid Dynamics is applied to provide fluid solutions for the floes and it is incorporated with the Discrete Element Method to govern ice motions and account for ship-ice/ice-ice collisions, by which, the proposed approach innovatively includes ship-generated waves in the interaction. In addition, this work provides two algorithms that can implement computational models with natural ice-floe fields, which takes floe size distribution and randomness into consideration thus achieving high-fidelity modelling of the problem. Following validation against experiments, the model is shown accurate in predicting the ice-floe resistance of a ship, and then a series of simulations are performed to investigate how the resistance is influenced by ship speed, ice concentration, ice thickness and floe diameter. This paper presents a useful approach that can provide power estimates for Arctic shipping and has the potential to facilitate other polar engineering purposes.     

Profit-based maritime container assignment models for liner shipping networks

We propose the problem of profit-based container assignment (P-CA), in which the container shipment demand is dependent on the freight rate, similar to the “elastic demand” in the literature on urban transportation networks. The problem involves determining the optimal freight rates, the number of containers to transport and how to transport the containers in a liner shipping network to maximize the total profit. We first consider a tactical-level P-CA with known demand functions that are estimated based on historical data and formulate it as a nonlinear optimization model. The tactical-level P-CA can be used for evaluating and improving the container liner shipping network. We then address the operational-level P-CA with unknown demand functions, which aims to design a mechanism that adjusts the freight rates to maximize the profit. A theoretically convergent trial-and-error approach, and a practical trial-and-error approach, are developed. A numerical example is reported to illustrate the application of the models and approaches.     

前海自贸区在国际高端航运服务业中心建设中面临的挑战

文中阐述了中国(广东)自由贸易试验区前海蛇口自贸片区成立的以来中央与地方层面给予的政策和在国际高端航运服务业中心建设中取得的成效。同时与国内其他自贸区以及香港进行对比分析,提出前海自贸区在建设国际高端航运服务业中心建设中在航运要素集聚、航运人才吸收和培养、与国际先进规则的对比、深港澳合作机制的强化四个方面面临的挑战。     

国际航运投资决策应用实物期权方法的分析

从国际航运的投资特点出发,通过实物期权方法与现行方法的比较,分析了国际航运投资决策应用实物期权方法的必要性与可行性,初步提出了国际航运投资项目存在的八种灵活性及其相应的实物期权。