精确反馈线性化在船舶航向保持器上的应用

现有的船舶航向保持器的设计大都采用Nomoto线性模型，而忽略了船舶操纵运动的非线性因素，因此航向控制的精度比较低。选择状态反馈精确线性化方法，将响应型船舶运动的非线性数学模型进行线性化，再利用基于闭环增益成形算法的鲁棒控制器进行控制，然后在Maflab的Simulink下进行系统仿真，仿真结果表明，所设计的基于闭环增益成形算法的控制器比基于LQR的控制器具有更好的控制能力。     

Key technologies of ship remote control system in inland waterways under ship-shore cooperation conditions北大核心CSCD

［Objective ］ To meet the requirements of remotely controlling ship in curved, narrow and crowded inland waterways, this paper proposes an approach that consists of CNN-based algorithms and knowledge based models under ship-shore cooperation conditions. ［Method］On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of ship-shore cooperation, the proposed approach realizes autonomous perception of the environment with visual simulation at the core and navigation decision-making control based on deep reinforcement learning, and finally constructs an artificial intelligence system composed of image deep learning processing, navigation situation cognition, route steady-state control and other functions. Remote control and short-time autonomous navigation of operating ships are realized under inland waterway conditions, and remote control of container ships and ferries is carried out. ［Results］The proposed approach is capable of replacing manual work by remote orders or independent decision-making, as well as realizing independent obstacle avoidance, with a consistent deviation of less than 20 meters. ［Conclusions］The developed prototype system carries out the remote control operation demonstration of the above ship types in such waterways as the Changhu Canal Shenzhou line and the Yangtze River, proving that a complete set of algorithms with a CNN and reinforcement learning at the core can independently extract key navigation information, construct obstacle avoidance and control awareness, and lay the foundation for inland river intelligent navigation systems. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.     

Career development for women in maritime industry: organisation and socialisation perspectives

For centuries, the maritime industry has been a recognised place in society dominated solely by men, and even though there were women involved, they were mostly on the periphery. This research aims to fill the gap of women’s career development in this field, by investigating the relationships among the degree of organisational socialisation, women’s workplace culture, and the career development of women in the maritime workplace. The analyses are conducted with the structural equation model with 202 valid questionnaires. The results indicated that women’s workplace culture has a significantly negative relationship with the degree of organisational socialisation, and then in turn, it has a significantly positive relationship with women’s career development in the maritime industry. Finally, the results also indicate that the mediating effect of organisational socialisation existed between women’s workplace culture and women’s career development. According to the empirical analysis, this study makes conclusions as well as suggestions for the maritime enterprises as the reference for human resource management.     

轨道车辆司机操纵台人机界面布局优化模型与算法

针对轨道车辆司机操纵台布局优化设计问题,引入CSP约束满足技术将工效学布局原则规范化,利用RULA姿势负荷评价方法将司机驾驶作业动作因素定量化,提出了一种基于人因素和几何位置匹配因素的操纵台布局优化设计模型。然后利用粒子群优化算法对数学模型进行优化计算,其中借助模糊数学中的隶属度来描述约束条件,设计了一种适用于操纵台布局总匹配度评价的适应度函数。最后针对有22个操控器件、2个显示屏和4个指示灯的轨道车辆司机操纵台布局问题提出了初步的解决方案,证明了该方法的有效性。     

3洞小净距隧道围岩压力计算方法

针对3洞小净距隧道围岩压力计算问题,基于普氏平衡拱理论,将围岩压力看作单洞隧道的基本压力与相邻隧道开挖引起的附加压力之和,提出适用于3洞小净距隧道的围岩压力计算方法;根据该计算方法研究不同岩柱厚度、开挖跨度和开挖高度对围岩压力的影响规律,并将该计算方法应用于确定八达岭长城站3洞小净距隧道围岩压力。结果表明:随着岩柱厚度的增加,围岩压力不断减小,当岩柱厚度达到某一值时,围岩压力与单洞隧道相同;岩柱厚度、边洞跨度和中洞高度变化影响整体围岩压力,中洞跨度和边洞高度仅影响各自单洞围岩压力;3洞小净距隧道的最优开挖顺序为"先边洞、后中洞",中洞围岩压力大于边洞,应力值最大点为中洞顶部。施工中应注意中洞围岩稳定,采取有效的措施对岩柱区域进行加固。     

西安局集团公司货物运输结构优化对策探讨

铁路是国民经济大动脉,铁路企业货物运输结构与区域经济结构紧密相关。从货物运输品类结构煤炭发送量占比较高、到发结构货物到发比严重失衡和增长速度等方面,阐述西安局集团公司货物运输结构现状,从重发送轻到达、重大宗轻零散、大宗货物两端运输衔接顺畅和零散货物运输时效难以保证等方面,分析货物运输结构问题的影响因素。在此基础上,提出西安局集团公司货物运输结构优化对策,即:以完善考核和清算办法引导货物运输结构优化,以抓好重点品类运输促进非煤货物上量,以综合经营理念释放物流基地效能,不断完善西安局集团公司货物运输结构,促进货物运输高质量发展。     

中欧班列(西安)开行实践与对策

中欧班列(西安)积极践行国家"一带一路"倡议,实现"一带一路"沿线各国以及欧洲间的有效衔接。为进一步推动中欧班列(西安)高质量发展,在分析中欧班列(西安)开行现状的基础上,探析中欧班列(西安)开行规模增长原因,主要体现在:西安区位优势明显,物流成本较低;铁路场站设施领先,枢纽功能凸显;物流贸易产业融合,促进班列增量开行。从打造全方位辐射通道、加强班列市场拓展、创新运营组织模式等方面,提出中欧班列(西安)发展对策,为中欧班列(西安)提供优质运输服务保障。     

车辆隔热壁K值计算中空气层的处理方法

对轨道交通车辆多层复合结构的隔热壁进行隔热性能理论计算与仿真计算的对比,对隔热壁内部空气层的隔热性能进行分析。结论为:在车辆多层复合结构的隔热壁K值计算中,当空气层厚度大于一定厚度时,流体自然对流对隔热壁的隔热性能影响较大。利用多项式密度(Polynomial Denisity)和Boussinesq模型两种算法,对所得结论进行了验证。     

面向国产大型邮轮的虚拟设计评审方案研究

本文分析了国内大型邮轮三维设计模型的虚拟评审需求,基于Intergraph Smart 3D和SmartPlant Review软件,提出了国产大型邮轮虚拟设计评审的总体解决方案。该方案采用三维模型轻量化、模型虚拟评审以及大型邮轮设计-评审数据转换等关键技术,实现了面向大型邮轮设计的沉浸式三维模型全流程虚拟评审,并通过在国产大型邮轮设计模型上的应用测试,验证了该方案的可行性,可为提高大型邮轮设计生产效率、缩短建造周期以及降低生产成本等提供重要的技术支撑。     

Structural relationships among shipper’s perception,value, and choice intention of Korea–China train ferry service

ABSTRACT

The logistics environment between China and Korea has been changing rapidly in line with the ‘Go West’ policy of international trade and logistics area. The policy includes the BRI, Western Development Strategy, and Korea–China FTA. Against this background, the Korea–China train ferry (KCTF) is being newly illuminated as an alternative mode to cope with the logistics environment between Korea and China. One of the key success factors of the KCTF depends on, among others, shippers’ perception, which will affect the choice and the successful operation of the KCTF. From this perspective, this paper develops seven hypotheses based on the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). We test these hypotheses using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to explore the structural relationship between shippers’ behavioral beliefs influencing the perceived usefulness, the attitude toward and intention to choose the KCTF. The test results confirm that among the behavioral beliefs, transport accessibility in association with an efficient network of inland roads and railway networks is an important prerequisite. In addition, we verified a high statistical significance in the structural relationships among perceived usefulness, the attitude toward and the intention to choose the KCTF.