Quasi-dynamic traffic assignment with residual point queues incorporating a first order node model

Static traffic assignment models are still widely applied for strategic transport planning purposes in spite of the fact that such models produce implausible traffic flows that exceed link capacities and predict incorrect congestion locations. There have been numerous attempts to constrain link flows to capacity. Capacity constrained models with residual queues are often referred to as quasi-dynamic traffic assignment models. After reviewing the literature, we come to the conclusion that an important piece of the puzzle has been missing so far, namely the inclusion of a first order node model. In this paper we propose a novel path-based static traffic assignment model for finding a stochastic user equilibrium in general transportation networks. This model includes a first order (steady-state) node model that yields more realistic turn capacities, which are then used to determine consistent capacity constrained traffic flows, residual point (vertical) queues (upstream bottleneck links), and path travel times consistent with queuing theory. The route choice part of the model is specified as a variational inequality problem, while the network loading part is formulated as a fixed point problem. Both problems are solved using existing techniques to find a solution. We illustrate the model using hypothetical examples, and also demonstrate feasibility on large-scale networks.     

复杂动态环境下智能汽车局部路径规划与跟踪算法研究

路径规划及路径跟踪控制是智能汽车研究的关键技术，而复杂、时变的交通环境给智能汽车的路径规划与跟踪提出严苛要求。针对现有局部路径规划方法只适用于较为简单的工况，无法应对多车道、多静/动态障碍等复杂工况的问题，提出一种基于离散优化思想的动态路径规划算法。该算法利用样条曲线曲率变化均匀的特性，在s-ρ曲线坐标系中生成了一组参数化候选路径簇；考虑动态碰撞安全影响，在碰撞带约束下结合道路法规限制及车辆动态安全要求，规划车辆速度；此外，综合考虑静态安全性、舒适性、目标车道、道路占用率等影响因素，以选择最优路径。在路径跟踪层面，基于预瞄理论设计鲁棒性好、跟踪精度高的分数阶PID路径跟踪控制器，以跟踪误差最小为目标，采用粒子群优化算法对分数阶PID控制器参数进行整定。最后，基于Simulink/CarSim建立联合仿真平台，设计多车道，多静/动态障碍的复杂工况以验证该算法的有效性。研究结果表明：由于在评价函数中引入动态安全评价指标、目标车道评价指标以及道路占用率指标，极大地提升了规划器性能，使车辆在行驶过程中根据驾驶环境自主调整速度，降低换道次数，从而保证智能汽车的主动安全性能，提升了通行效率，使该算法能够较好地处理复杂动态环境下的避障问题。     

基于多属性综合评价法的港口节能减排水平评价*

客观综合地对港口节能减排水平进行分析和评价是实现港口节能减排的必要条件,针对港口节能减排水平评价指标之间的排序优势性,以及评价指标的多样性等特点,采用指标序优势多属性综合评价法,利用指标排序确定各权重系数,并对5大港口进行了实证分析评价,评价的结论基本符合港口节能减排水平的现状,该方法具有可操作性和实用性。     

基于EMD与三阶累积量的水声瞬态信号检测

提出了基于经验模态分解(EMD)与三阶累积量的水声瞬态信号检测方法.首先根据EMD方法的滤波器特性将待检信号在频域内分成一系列的本征模态函数(IMF)分量,并根据能量法选择信号占主导地位的IMF;然后运用高阶累积量抑制高斯信号的特性,计算IMF分量三阶累积量对角切片的短时估计,并构造检测函数,对检测函数时行包络检波,作为检测标准;最后用仿真数据对该方法进行了验证,结果表明能在较低信噪比下检测出目标信号的出现时刻和大致频率,具有一定的工程应用价值.     

动态载荷作用下焊接点线弹性裂纹的弯曲扩展路径的预测(英文)

利用二阶摄动方法研究了动态载荷作用下结构线弹性断裂裂纹的弯曲延伸扩展问题并求解了动态应力强度因子。利用二阶摄动方法研究了动载荷作用下裂纹路径预测时的应力准则与能量准则之间的关系。就均匀物质而言,在二阶摄动分析理论的框架内,两种准则指明了相同的动态裂纹路径。但在具有非均匀断裂韧度的物质中,能量准则优越于应力准则。作为二阶摄动方法的实际运用,研究了焊接结构中动态线弹性裂纹的形态特征和弯曲扩展路径问题,综合考虑了诸如远场动态作用应力、焊接残余应力、局部物质衰变以及不同尺寸的缺陷的存在等因素,绘制出动态载荷作用下退化区域中裂纹弯曲扩展的临界轨迹曲线。     

基于结构熵模型的炮兵指挥体制评价方法

以结构熵理论为基础,考虑信息流在系统中的流通问题,建立结构熵模型,研究拓扑结构的时效性、准确性,从时效和质量两个方面定量评价组织结构有序度,从而给出炮兵指挥体制组织结构的有序性评价。     

采用高阶边界元法的楔形体变速度入水数值模拟(英文)

A high order boundary element method was developed for the complex velocity potential problem. The method ensures not only the continuity of the potential at the nodes of each element but also the velocity. It can be applied to a variety of velocity potential problems. The present paper, however, focused on its application to the problem of water entry of a wedge with varying speed. The continuity of the velocity achieved herein is particularly important for this kind of nonlinear free surface flow problem, because when the time stepping method is used, the free surface is updated through the velocity obtained at each node and the accuracy of the velocity is therefore crucial. Calculation was made for a case when the distance S that the wedge has travelled and time t follow the relationship s=Dtα, where D and α are constants, which is found to lead to a self similar flow field when the effect due to gravity is ignored.     

轮对多边形化对车辆动力学性能的影响

基于弹性轮对建立车轮多边形的刚柔耦合整车动力学模型。首先分析弹性车轮的合理性,进而通过修改命令直接形成多边形,研究弹性车轮多边形的波深、相位差、谐波阶数在不同速度下对车辆动力学性能的影响,给出40⁸0 km/h下,车轴横向力、轮轨横向力、脱轨系数、轮重减载率等重要指标,确定出危险速度。结果表明,3个参数对动力学性能的影响存在差异,但对脱轨系数影响都很小,对60 km/h速度下的轮重减载率影响都很大,应尽量避免在60 km/h下长期运行,以免发生共振。     

柴油机高次方配气凸轮型线设计

高次方凸轮是目前应用较广的一种整体式函数凸轮。本文介绍了高次方凸轮的设计方法并利用VB语言编制的程序设计了凸轮型线，介绍了幂指数的选取对凸轮特性的影响。     

Theoretical Explanation for Lower Order Harmonic Resonance Phenomenon of Three—Ring Gear Transmissions

Dynamic investigations revealed that lower order harmonic resonance phenomenon exists in the threering gear transmission. That is, when the input speed is close to 1/3, 1/6, 1/9,-“, 1/3n of the primary natural frequency of the transmission, the loads on the bearings and gears are especially high. This paper explained thisphenomenon from the viewpoint of parametric resonance in terms of perturbation technique. A conclusion was drawn that the basic reason for this phenomenon is the primary resonance caused by forcing excitation and para-metric resonance caused by parametric change.