地铁牵引网短路电流特征分析与仿真

近年来,地铁牵引网短路电流中的震荡与超调现象对已有的牵引供电系统故障模型提出了挑战。通过分析地铁牵引网故障波形、短路试验波形和地铁列车试验记录,建立了包含地铁车辆的地铁牵引供电系统的仿真模型,获得了与短路试验和运行记录一致的仿真结果,揭示了震荡与超调的产生原因。     

城市轨道交通换乘站综合监控平台的构建

介绍了车站级综合监控平台及其功能。整合了换乘站各弱电系统,给出了弱电系统接入综合监控平台的方式。在此基础上,针对全新2线换乘站提出了车站综合监控平台构建的三种方案,并对其进行了对比分析,确定了三种方案的适用情况。     

变频器输出电压du/dt对电机的影响及其滤波器的设计

研究了变频器输出电压du/dt对电机端电压和轴承电流的影响,在PSpice中建立了电机高频模型,并对端电压波形进行了仿真;着重研究了一种du/dt滤波器的参数设计方法,并且进行了仿真和实验验证。实践证明,该滤波器具有较好的滤波效果。     

三塔悬索桥风-车-桥耦合动力分析

以温州市某大桥为例,分别考虑风荷载的平均成分和脉动成分对车桥系统的影响,建立了风荷载作用下三塔悬索桥的车桥耦合动力分析模型,并根据势能驻值原理及形成结构矩阵的"对号入座法则",导出了车桥系统的空间振动方程,采用计算机模拟的方法,计算与分析了该桥列车通过时的桥梁动力响应和列车走行性。研究结果为三塔悬索桥的动力设计提供了理论依据。     

大功率交流电力机车接地回流装置电流导通能力计算分析

文章以HXD1C型机车为例,简要介绍了接地回流装置的基本结构及其工作原理,并对其在额定电流下的温升及短时耐受电流的大小进行了相应的计算分析。文中的研究成果验证了中间轴接地装置额定电流及短时耐受电流能满足大功率交流电力机车的性能要求。     

城轨车辆用第三轨受流器试验台的研制

文章介绍了城轨车辆用第三轨受流器的应用现状,从产品测试要求、测控原理、试验步骤及应用情况等方面阐述了第三轨受流器试验台的研制。     

极端荷载作用下公路桥梁荷载概率模型研究

我国桥梁设计规范中对极端荷载组合系数没有明确的规定,在以结构可靠度为基础的概率极限状态设计法中,由于公路桥梁各种作用比较多且大多随时间变化的范围比较大,各种作用的组合也比较复杂,所以必须选择合理的概率模型才能保证计算出真实合理的结构可靠度。通过查阅文献并结合WIM系统统计的车辆数据分析,建立了公路桥梁永久荷载及其效应概率分布模型;基于Matlab软件,在汽车车重总体服从多峰分布的基础上对实测数据进行训练拟合,建立了汽车荷载效应的概率模型并确定了汽车荷载分级加载方式,为公路桥梁可靠度研究和求解极端荷载组合系数奠定了基础。     

潜艇耐压船体破坏载荷预测的一种新方法

本文提出了用灰色系统理论预测破坏载荷的计算方法,并通过新的高强度钢材环肋圆锥壳的球壳模型实验验证了该方法的正确性,建议今后在模型实验和现役潜艇的耐压船体寿命估算中采用这种方法。     

Surf-riding and oscillations of a ship in quartering waves

The behavior of a ship encountering large regular waves from astern at low frequency is the object of investigation, with a parallel study of surf-riding and periodic motion paterns. First, the theoretical analysis of surf-riding is extended from purely following to quartering seas. Steady-state continuation is used to identify all possible surf-riding states for one wavelength. Examination of stability indicates the existence of stable and unstable states and predicts a new type of oscillatory surf-riding. Global analysis is also applied to determine the areas of state space which lead to surf-riding for a given ship and wave conditions. In the case of overtaking waves, the large rudder-yaw-surge oscillations of the vessel are examined, showing the mechanism and conditions responsible for loss of controllability at certain vessel headings.List of symbols c wave celerity (m/s) - C(p) roll damping moment (Ntm) - g acceleration of gravity (m/s²) - GM metacentric height (m) - H wave height (m) - I _x ,I _z roll and yaw ship moments of inertia (kg m²) - k wave number (m^–1) - K _H ,K _W ,K _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - K _p forces in the roll direction (Ntm) - m ship mass (kg) - n propeller rate of rotation (rpm) - N _H ,N _W ,N _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - N _P moments in the yaw direction (Ntm) - p roll angular velocity (rad/s) - r rate-of-turn (rad/s) - R(,x) restoring moment (Ntm) - Res(u) ship resistance (Nt) - t time (s) - u surge velocity (m/s) - U vessel speed (m/s) - v sway velocity (m/s) - W ship weight (Nt) - x longitudinal position of the ship measured from the wave system (m) - x _G ,z _G longitudinal and vertical center of gravity (m) - x _S longitudinal position of a ship section (S), in the ship-fixed system (m) - X _H ,X _W ,X _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - X _P forces in the surge direction (Nt) - y transverse position of the ship, measured from the wave system (m) - Y _H ,Y _W ,Y _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - Y _p forces in the sway direction (Nt) - z _Y vertical position of the point of action of the lateral reaction force during turn (m) - z _W vertical position of the point of action of the lateral wave force (m) Greek symbols angle of drift (rad) - rudder angle (rad) - wavelength (m) - position of the ship in the earth-fixed system (m) - water density (kg/m³) - angle of heel (rad) - heading angle (rad) - _e frequency of encounter (rad/s) Hydrodynamic coefficients K roll added mass - N _v ,N _r yaw acceleration coefficients - N _v N _r N _rr N _rrv ,N _vvr yaw velocity coefficients K. Spyrou: Ship behavior in quartering waves - X _u surge acceleration coefficient - X _u X _vr surge velocity coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r sway acceleration coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r ,Y _vv ,Y _rr ,Y _vr sway velocity coefficients European Union-nominated Fellow of the Science and Technology Agency of Japan, Visiting Researcher, National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering of Japan     

Uncertain demand,modal competition and optimal price-capacity adjustments in air transportation

A new microeconomic model for the operation of an airline facing modal competition with uncertain total demand is developed to analyze optimal price capacity combinations. The novelty is the treatment of the capacity restriction, which is not viewed as affecting negatively individual preferences (e.g. probability of a full flight), but does influence aggregate utility. A mode choice model is used to represent unrestricted individual preferences assuming full availability (phone call demand); air capacity is treated as a variable that acts on the actual choice set. Restricted choices and total demand stochasticity are integrated in welfare calculations (users' benefits and profits). Numerical examples are given and results are analyzed in terms of load factors fare levels, and sensitivity to the stochasticity of requests.This research was partially funded by FONDECYT, Chile, Direction Génerale de l'Aviation Civile, France, the Andes Foundation and the Fulbright Commission.