A practical capacity model of a single track line

The paper presents a model for determining the practical capacity of a single track line, i.e. the maximum number of trains which can be run along it in a time unit under the condition that each train enters its bottleneck segment with a definite delay.

The input data used in the model are: geometrical characteristics of the bottleneck segment of the line under study, the intensity and structure of demand expressed by a number of trains which are run over the line in a given time unit, the scenario of traffic running over the line under study and the operational tactics of individual train categories processing on the bottleneck segment.

(Two tactics can be applied in the train processing on the line under study; first, the trains of individual categories are given different priorities in the processing, and second, all the trains have the same priority).

The output results of the model are average delays of trains of each category occurring within the train processing performed on the bottleneck segment of the line under study in a given time unit.     

Stability and bifurcation in network traffic flow: A Poincaré map approach

Previous studies have shown that, in a diverge-merge network with two intermediate links (the DM network), the kinematic wave model always admits stationary solutions under constant boundary conditions, but periodic oscillations can develop from empty initial conditions. Such contradictory observations suggest that the stationary states be unstable. In this study we develop a systematic approach to investigate the stability property of stationary states in this and other networks within the framework of network kinematic wave theories. Based on the observation that kinematic waves propagate in a circular path when only one of the two intermediate links is congested, we derive a one-dimensional, discrete Poincaré map in the out-flux at a Poincaré section. We then prove that the fixed points of the Poincaré map correspond to stationary flow-rates on the two links. With Lyapunov’s first method, we demonstrate that the Poincaré map can be finite-time stable, asymptotically stable, or unstable. When unstable, the map is found to have periodical points of period two, but no chaotic solutions. We further analyze the bifurcation in the stability of the Poincaré map caused by varying route choice proportions. We apply the Poincaré map approach to analyzing traffic patterns in more general (DM)ⁿ and beltway networks, which are sufficient and necessary structures for network-induced unstable traffic and gridlock, respectively. This study demonstrates that the Poincaré map approach can be efficiently applied to analyze traffic dynamics in any road networks with circular information propagation and provides new insights into unstable traffic dynamics caused by interactions among network bottlenecks.     

地质雷达波频率与围岩等级相关关系统计分析

雷达波频率反映了组成地层的岩性变化,有助于识别地层,当电磁波通过不同介质界面时,电磁波频率将发生明显变化。为研究区域地质情况与地质雷达波频率的关系,在大量地质雷达隧道超前预报报告和实测数据的基础上,通过对不同围岩类型雷达波频率的统计,按照围岩等级、岩性、水文情况3个方面进行了分析。通过分析得出地质雷达波频率与围岩等级相关关系的统计分析结果： 不同等级围岩的雷达波频率范围有明显差异,围岩工程性质差,频率变低;不同水文状况的同等级围岩,波形频率分布无明显变化。     

独塔双索面自锚式无缝悬索桥的设计与分析

考虑柳青河桥的景观效果和满足河道通航要求,设计采用了独塔双索面自锚式无缝悬索桥,桥型优美轻便,主缆直接锚固在加劲梁梁端,节省了庞大的锚碇结构.由于主跨与边跨跨径比很大,在边跨适当配重的基础上,设计采用了半整体式桥台,利用桥台台身的重量来克服端支座拉力,既解决了拉力支座的问题,同时在该桥台处形成了无缝桥梁.重点介绍了柳青河自锚式无缝悬索桥的结构构造、设计要点及计算分析过程,以期供类似桥梁设计借鉴.     

短距交叉口交通控制的协调设计

该文运用交通流的波动理论分析了短距交叉口之间车流运行遇阻的产生机理,建立了上游交叉口车流的遇阻判别与遇阻程度的分析模型,并由此提出了为消除交叉口之间的相互影响,采用交叉口协调控制措施的依据和方法。     

瑞雷波技术在巨粒土路基检测中的应用研究

基于附加质量法,反演瑞雷波在巨粒土路基中传播的横波波速;根据横波波速和巨粒土路基强度间的相关性得到巨粒土路基的动态回弹模量,由此评价巨粒土路基的施工质量;将瑞雷波法测得回弹模量和FWD法、承载板法获得的结果比较,结果显示由瑞雷波法评价巨粒土路基的施工质量是可行的。     

异型钢单缝式伸缩缝破坏原因及对策

异型钢单缝式伸缩缝在重载车辆的冲击震动作用下,耐久性较差。高速公路上经常因维修伸缩缝影响车辆的正常通行,分析其原因,找到对策,对于提高伸缩缝耐久性意义重大。     

应力波在深层搅拌桩中传播特性的数值模拟

通过对应力波在深层搅拌桩中传播过程的数值模拟,分析了不同脉冲荷载、接收点位置、缺陷类型、桩周土体性质对应力波传播的影响,得到不同条件下反射波的信号特征。结果表明:采用橡胶锤激振能够获得较好的信号,接收点位于距桩心0.70R附近处效果最佳;不同缺陷具有不同的反射波特征,具体表现在反射波的相位和振幅上;同时,随着缺陷的增大,桩底反射波的振幅呈减弱趋势。桩周土成层时与单一土层相比,应力波的传播速度明显减小。     

基于弹性波CT的大体积混凝土检测应用

现代土木工程时常涉及大体积混凝土,其施工及养护过程极易出现质量问题,因此项目实施过程中检测工作始终贯穿于各个环节.常规混凝土无损检测方法一般无法对混凝土内部大截面进行直观评判,而弹性波CT则一次性重构截面波速分布,经反演后直接推定剖面内缺陷存在与否以及缺陷的位置及规模.通过弹性波CT在大体积混凝土检测中的应用,并结合超...     

基于改扩建工程的沥青中面层标高控制技术研究

高速改扩建工程中,沥青中面层摊铺时新老路面标高存在高差、拼接接缝、横坡不一致等问题,严重影响上面层施工质量.结合济青高速改扩建工程具体案例,根据摊铺机单机大宽度一次性同步调平与摊铺的设计思路,对路面不同高差的松铺厚度、摊铺机夯锤振幅以及压实机具组合等标高控制关键技术进行了系统研究和参数调整.工程实践表明,该施工方案应用...