A methodology for identifying similar days in air traffic flow management initiative planning

This article describes a methodology for selecting days that are comparable in terms of the conditions faced during air traffic flow management initiative planning. This methodology includes the use of specific data sources, specific features of calendar days defined using these data sources, and the application of a specific form of classification and then cluster analysis. The application of this methodology will produce results that enable historical analysis of the use of initiatives and evaluation of the relative success of different courses of action. Several challenges are overcome here including the need to identify the appropriate machine learning algorithms to apply, to quantify the differences between calendar days, to select features describing days, to obtain appropriate raw data, and to evaluate results in a meaningful way. These challenges are overcome via a review of relevant literature, the identification and trial of several useful models and data sets, and careful application of methods. For example, the cluster analysis that ultimately selects sets of similar days uses a distance metric based on variable importance measures from a separate classification model of observed initiatives. The methodology defined here is applied to the New York area, although it could be applied by other researchers to other areas.     

Motorway crash duration and its determinants: do durations vary across motorways?

Traffic congestion has been a growing issue in many metropolitan areas during recent years, which necessitates the identification of its key contributors and development of sustainable strategies to help decrease its adverse impacts on traffic networks. Road incidents generally and crashes specifically have been acknowledged as the cause of a large proportion of travel delays in urban areas and account for 25% to 60% of traffic congestion on motorways. Identifying the critical determinants of travel delays has been of significant importance to the incident management systems, which constantly collect and store the incident duration data. This study investigates the individual and simultaneous differential effects of the relevant determinants on motorway crash duration probabilities. In particular, it applies parametric Accelerated Failure Time (AFT) hazard‐based models to develop in‐depth insights into how the crash‐specific characteristic and the associated temporal and infrastructural determinants impact the duration. AFT models with both fixed and random parameters have been calibrated on one year of traffic crash records from two major Australian motorways in South East Queensland, and the differential effects of determinants on crash survival functions have been studied on these two motorways individually. A comprehensive spectrum of commonly used parametric fixed parameter AFT models, including generalized gamma and generalized F families, has been compared with random parameter AFT structures in terms of goodness of fit to the duration data, and as a result, the random parameter Weibull AFT model has been selected as the most appropriate model. Significant determinants of motorway crash duration included traffic diversion requirement, crash injury type, number and type of vehicles involved in a crash, day of week and time of day, towing support requirement and damage to the infrastructure. A major finding of this research is that the motorways under study are significantly different in terms of crash durations; such that motorway 1 exhibits durations that are on average 19% shorter compared with the durations on motorway 2. The differential effects of explanatory variables on crash durations are also different on the two motorways. The detailed presented analysis confirms that looking at the motorway network as a whole, neglecting the individual differences between roads, can lead to erroneous interpretations of duration and inefficient strategies for mitigating travel delays along a particular motorway.     

农村公路养护与管理的现状分析及对策研究

针对内蒙古自治区农村公路发展现状,分析了目前农村牧区公路在养护与管理方面存在的问题,并对如何完善农村牧区公路管理与养护机制提出了建设性的意见。     

论我国公路交通应急及运输保障体系的建设

针对自然灾害或重大事件(如5.12四川汶川发生的8级地震;2007年末,2008年初之际,我国南方大部分地区发生50年一遇的特大雪灾等)引发的应急情况的运输物资保障问题,一些机场关闭,公路、铁路部分路段封闭,给人民群众出行和物资运输带来极大困难,交通应急运输需求显得更加迫切。以国外公路应急及运输保障的经验以及对我国建立应急运输保障体系的启迪为依据,运用系统方法论,通过比较法,分析研究了我国公路交通应急运输保障的发展状况并深入剖析了我国在公路交通应急运输方面存在的主要问题,提出了构建我国应急物资运输保障体系的措施与建议。     

基于各方主体经济利益实现的长效治理超限超载对策研究

为了防止超限超载运输的反弹,有必要研究治理超限超载运输的长效机制。运用经济学原理,通过建立利润模型分析了治理超限超载对运输企业、道路经营者、低附加值产品生产者、原材料需求者相关利益主体的影响。提出只有超限超载中涉及各方利益主体的经济利益都能得到有效补偿,才能真正走出超限超载怪圈。保证资源流动过程动力链的连续性,是长效治理超限超载的根本;完善货运市场组织结构,建立良性的市场结构模式是长效治理超限超载的关键。实现上述条件的基础是,存在一个良好的有序竞争的货运市场。因此,治理超限超载不应仅仅停留在对车辆的查超上,应通过治理超限超载来整合整个货运市场,建立一个有序竞争的货运市场。     

应用热管理平台分析汽车冷却系统的参数和灵敏度

建立了基于软件的热管理平台,整合了与整车热管理相关的子系统,并通过仿真模型分析了汽车冷却系统中的散热器、风扇、冷却水的相关参数,以及对各参数进行了灵敏度分析。为冷却系统的设计和优化提供了依据。     

沥青路面施工质量动态管理系统研究

沥青路面施工质量动态管理系统集成了自动监测技术、计算软件技术、通讯技术等手段．将沥青拌和楼工控机的混合料配合比及拌和的相关数据信息实时传输至数据服务器,并引入“变异系数”评价方法,为质量的动态管理提供了条件,提高了沥青路面施工质量的控制效率和管理水平。而提出的拌和设备和摊铺温度实时动态监测管理模式．在我国公路建设领域中具有创新性,值得推广。     

交通需求管理措施及实施效果的调查研究

交通需求管理提供了解决交通问题的方法,可为经济、社会以及环境带来一定的收益,但不同城市和地区的交通问题有所不同,必须根据各自城市的实际特点制定出切实可行的具体方法,交通需求管理才能成为解决城市交通问题的有效手段。     

基于工作流与Agent技术的设施管理系统研究

介绍了工作流技术、工作流管理系统、Agent以及多Agent系统的特点,在此基础上将工作流和Agent技术应用到设施管理系统的构建中,给出了工作流与Agent协同管理的方法和框架,并提出了设施管理系统的三层分布式体系结构,即:用户界面层;应用逻辑层及数据服务层.可为后续设施管理系统的开发提供技术上的参考和借鉴.     

Information System for Land-Use Planning and Management

In order to maintain the overall social interest in land use and improve the level of land administration, an information system for land-use planning and management (ISLUPM) was established, which is composed of presentation layer, business logic layer and data layer in the general structure. The application support platform of the ISLUPM, built based on COM, COM and .NET standard components, includes data engine, data management, assemblies, components management, operation management, and interface. Then, an elaboration was made on major functions of the ISLUPM, such as planning revision scheme, planning operation flow, digital processing, thematic analysis and inquiry, and preparation of the chart of reserved land resources. The developed system has been successfully applied to the land-use planning and management work of Longquanyi District, Chengdu, China. It may provide a reference for development of geographic information system (GIS) for land and resources.