Experimental study on a model azimuthing podded propulsor in ice

The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of a model azimuthing podded propulsor in ice-covered water. Model tests were carried out with two different depths of cut into the ice (15 and 35 mm), two different ice conditions (presawn and pack ice conditions), and four different azimuthing angles. The depth of cut is the maximum penetration depth of the propeller blade into the ice block. The 0.3-m-diameter model propeller was operated in a continuous ice milling condition. Ice loads were measured by several sensors which were installed in various positions on the model. Six one-axis pancake-style load cells on the top of the model measured the global loads and two six-component dynamometers were installed on the shaft to measure the shaft loads. One six-component dynamometer was attached to the one of the propeller blades inside the hub to measure the blade loads. The pod unit and propeller performance in ice are presented. Ice-related loads, which were obtained when the blade was inside the ice block, are introduced and discussed. During the propeller–ice interaction, a blade can experience the path generated by the previous blade, which is called the shadowing effect. The effects of shadowing, depth of cut, azimuthing angle, and advance coefficient on propulsor performance are presented and discussed.     

辽宁高速公路软土分布特点及主要处理方法

总结了辽宁地区软土工程地质特征及主要分布区域,介绍了辽宁地区软土的主要处理方法.     

浅议石灰改良膨胀土控制指标的检测时间

根据石灰改良膨胀土的改性机理原理,结合商周高速公路石灰改良膨胀土的有关试验数据,以及工程的实际施工情况,介绍了石灰改良膨胀土检测指标不同时间的检测对路基质量的影响.     

A note on the use of correlation coefficients for assessing goodness-of-fit in spatial interaction models

The use of correlation coefficients to evaluate the accuracy of spatial interaction models is inappropriate unless such models have been fitted using least squares techniques. In other cases the correlation involves an implicit intercept value and a regression coefficient that may significantly modify the interaction model's estimates. Researchers have not acknowledged the role of these two parameters when the correlation is used. A generalized root mean square error is proposed as an alternative indicator of accuracy that may be used with any model.     

高真空击密法在京唐港3 000万t煤炭泊位工程吹填土软基处理中的应用

详细介绍了高真空击密法的原理及施工控制要点。通过工程实例,以浅层平板载荷及重型动力触探检测结果和沉降观测数据为依据,证明高真空击密处理软土地基有工期短、效果好等优点,在一定意义上将强夯法推广应用到了饱和软粘土。     

Simulation of dynamic interaction between train and railway turnout

Dynamic train–track interaction is more complex in railway turnouts (switches and crossings) than that in ordinary tangent or curved tracks. Multiple contacts between wheel and rail are common, and severe impact loads with broad frequency contents are induced, when nominal wheel–rail contact conditions are disturbed because of the continuous variation in rail profiles and the discontinuities in the crossing panel. The absence of transition curves at the entry and exit of the turnout, and the cant deficiency, leads to large wheel–rail contact forces and passenger discomfort when the train is switching into the turnout track. Two alternative multibody system (MBS) models of dynamic interaction between train and a standard turnout design are developed. The first model is derived using a commercial MBS software. The second model is based on a multibody dynamics formulation, which may account for the structural flexibility of train and track components (based on finite element models and coordinate reduction methods). The variation in rail profile is accounted for by sampling the cross-section of each rail at several positions along the turnout. Contact between the back of the wheel flange and the check rail, when the wheelset is steered through the crossing, is considered. Good agreement in results from the two models is observed when the track model is taken as rigid.     

Mathematical modelling of train–turnout interaction

The paper proposes a mathematical model of train–turnout interaction in the mid-frequency range (0–500 Hz). The model accounts for the effects of rail profile variation along the track and of local variation of track flexibility. The proposed approach is able to represent the condition of one wheel being simultaneously in contact with more than one rail, allowing the accurate prediction of the effect of wheels being transferred from one rail to another when passing over the switch toe and the crossing nose. Comprehensive results of train–turnout interaction during the negotiation of the main and the branch lines are presented, including the effect of wear of wheel/rail profiles and presence of track misalignment. In the final part of the paper, comparisons are performed between the results of numerical simulations and line measurements performed on two different turnouts for urban railway lines, showing a good agreement between experimental and numerical results.     

基于C语言的简布法土坡稳定的程序计算

利用简布法计算土坡最小安全系数,运用随机投点法搜索土坡临界圆弧滑动面,并用C语言编制程序进行了实例验证。结果显示,编制程序计算所得的安全系数与现有程序的计算结果很接近,证实了编制程序的可用性。     

土工格栅加筋土及其在桥梁接线中的应用

论述了土工格栅加筋土的作用机理、加筋材料、应用领域及施工方法，工程实践证明采用此技术具有显著的效益，其应用前景广阔。     

公路建设项目水土保持工作存在的问题探讨

公路建设项目水土保持工作正逐步走向正轨，但在具体的贯彻落实中还存在认识不到位，设计不合理，执行不彻底等问题，影响了水土流失的防治，应当引起相关部门足够的重视并采取措施加以解决。