气液混合型靠泊护舷研究

大型船舶进港或海上靠泊时撞击位置有可能延伸到水下,普通的漂浮型护舷无法满足使用要求.提出一种气液混合新型护舷形式,对其原理和结构进行了简要介绍,对其压缩时的技术性能进行了分析.     

智能分布式驱动汽车路径跟踪/制动能量回收协同控制策略研究

为了解决智能分布式驱动汽车路径跟踪与制动能量回收系统间的协同控制难题,充分考虑分布式驱动汽车四轮扭矩独立可控在智能驾驶系统中的优势,设计适应不同路面附着条件的智能分布式驱动汽车转向、制动分层协同控制策略。上层控制器依据不同的路面类型设计差异化的多目标代价函数,以综合优化各工况下的控制目标。高附路面下,制定满足最大能量回收值的全局参考车速,在线优化路径跟踪指令,实现最优能量回收的同时减小系统运算负荷;低附路面下,优先考虑车辆的路径跟踪性能和行驶稳定性,在多目标代价函数中取消对全局参考车速的跟随要求,增设终端速度约束与能量回收项性能指标并减小能量回收项性能指标的权重系数。上层控制器基于模型预测控制方法对多目标代价函数进行滚动优化与预测求解,得到期望的前轮转角及4个车轮的总制动扭矩需求。下层控制器根据制动扭矩需求对四轮的液压制动扭矩和电机制动扭矩进行分配,最终完成整个复合制动过程。基于MATLAB/Simulink和CarSim软件,搭建控制器在环仿真平台,并在高附和低附路面条件下对所提出的策略进行试验验证。研究结果表明：高附路面下,所提出的控制策略在准确跟踪期望路径的同时相较固定比例制动力分配方法可提升2.7%的能量回收值并减少约0.02 s的单次计算时间;低附路面下,与使用高附控制策略相比,能够保证车辆的路径跟踪准确性与行驶稳定性,同时可提升7.8%的能量回收值;控制器在环试验结果证明了该协同控制策略对车辆性能提升的有效性。     

锂电池储能系统在绞吸挖泥船的应用分析

对国内主流的绞吸挖泥船按照动力系统配置特点进行分类,对各类典型船舶从动力系统与锂电池储能系统应用结合方面开展相关研究,分析各类绞吸挖泥船与锂电池储能系统应用结合的可行性,为后续实船与锂电池储能系统的应用结合提供依据。     

沿程磁处理管道输油实验研究

南海原油密度大、含蜡量高,对南海原油采用沿程磁处理,可降低聚集度,从而达到降黏输送的作用.为进一步研究磁处理对油品有降黏效果,使用仿真软件模拟磁铁摆放得到磁感应强度分布,再通过搭建沿程磁处理输油实验管道,以南海原油为介质进行实验研究.将有无磁处理的压力数据进行对比,并结合使用流变仪测定的油品黏度变化,综合分析得出使用2...     

济南绿色地铁技术探索与应用

济南轨道交通将"绿色地铁"作为建设理念,采用近40项节能、节地、节水、节材、环境保护的技术措施。以1号线为例,详细介绍高架站下方设置设备用房、主变电所资源共享等节地技术,可节约土地约2.8万m2;高架车站采用清水混凝土施工技术、预制叠合结构体系等节材技术,可节省费用3 000万元,节省混凝土使用量43%;采用可调通风型站台门系统等节能技术,每座车站每年可节约电费约100万元;采用高架站台光伏发电、非晶合金配电变压器、再生能量吸收等技术,每年可节电774.03万k W·h。     

城镇污水处理厂电气设计节能优化解析

从污水处理厂的供配电系统、电气设备选型、电气线路选型、照明系统四个方面介绍了城镇污水处理厂的电气设计节能优化的措施，并结合相关规范、文献及设计经验对污水厂电气设计节能优化要点进行简要解析。     

About the possibilities of using the renewable energy power sources on railway transport

Several electrification systems based on renewable energy power sources (first of all, solar energy) are discussed in respect to their applicability to railway transport and, in particular, to suburban electric trains. Two systems are considered with basic technical details and economic estimation, both including the onboard bank of batteries and the photovoltaic converters (PVC) of solar energy for compensation of energy expenses, which could be positioned either on stations or on wagon's roofs. Sun‐tracking systems and their effect on the solar energy conversion efficiency are discussed in application to stationary and moving PVC platforms. An analysis made shows that introduction of the “green” systems discussed will not only have positive ecological impact, but also can bring a notable economical effect even with today's components, while it could be considerably greater with the usage of new PVCs, which are being developed by the authors. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高速齿轮润滑极压添加剂的定量选用准则

根据边界反应膜分解失效机理和化学反应动力学理论，对边界膜的失效过程作了定量数学描述，提出了反映膜分离率的概念，据此确定了添加剂的温度，速度和活化能等三个定量选用准则。     

Weight threshold estimation of falling UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) based on impact energy

Different weight thresholds for drone operations have been specified by regulatory agencies in different countries, without detailed backgrounds of guidelines. Therefore, this paper aims to study weight thresholds by focusing different levels of injuries caused by the impact of the drones on human head of different weights dropped at various heights. The work covers drone free drop modelling, FEM (finite element method) based impact modeling, and comparable drop impact experiments. The analyses and experiments were conducted accordingly to two individual commercially-available groups: small and large drones in weights. Two well-established indicators defining head injuries due to impact, which are known as Head Injury Criterion (HIC) and Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), are used in the present weight threshold study. The proposed AIS level for the weight threshold estimation has been set at AIS level 3, which indicates major skull fracture, in the further analysis through the probability of fatality. The main focus of the present work is to perform a parametric study and to present a reliable model to estimate the weight thresholds of the drone operations based on HIC and AIS. In conclusion, the results obtained and presented in this paper have demonstrated and provided a comprehensive analysis of possible direct injuries of a falling drone impacting a human head, with relevant data of impact or injury levels associated with HIC and AIS obtained for a drone with different weights falling from various heights.