Analysis of Ground Response and Structure Stress Induced by PBA Method北大核心CSCD

The application of prefabricated tunnel technology has been become a new research field both in China and abroad. Based on the running tunnel between Yufuhe station and Wangfuzhuang station of Jinan rail transit line R1, a new prefabricated tunnel construction technology, the PBA method is presented. This paper makes a detailed discussion on section form, supporting scheme and construction process of the PBA method. In this study, 3D a new 3D numerical model for PBA method is presented by finite difference numerical simulation software Flac and the construction processes are modeled. The rule of ground surface settlement, ground deformation and structural stress caused by PBA method is studied in detail. Results show that the structure of PBA method can effectively control the deformation magnitude and scope. Stress concentration appears at the prefabricated connection parts and the reinforcement needs to check. The total assembled structure forms the load-bearing system after the completion of the lateral wall. The built-in depth of the precast pile and pile bottom grouting quality should to be ensured to control the displacement of the precast piles. The results of this study will be a useful reference for similar projects in the future. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Effect of Seismic Parameters on the Safety Factor for an Underground Cavern北大核心CSCD

In order to quantitatively evaluate the safety of the surrounding rock of an underground cavern under seis-mic load, a comprehensive evaluation method for the stability of surrounding rock is proposed based on the general safety factor and point safety factor. A calculation method for the general safety factor of a cavern based on the prin-ciple of shear strength reduction of a rock mass is given, the run-through of the plastic zone between the main power-house and main transformer room is presented as a critical criterion for the overall instability of the cavern, and the general safety factor is obtained by searching for the reduction coefficient. A point safety factor calculation method based on the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion is given. The influence of different seismic input parameters on the general safety factor of the cavern and the point safety factor of key positions are studied based on an underground power-house cavern of a hydropower station in Southwest China. The results show that the quantitative evaluation method for the stability of the surrounding rock based on the safety factor is feasible and can reflect the general safety de-gree and local safety degree of different positions of the cavern for different working conditions. It is found that the general safety factor of the cavern and the point safety factor of key positions decrease with an increase of the ampli-tude and duration of a seismic wave while they increase with an increase of the incident angle; additionally, the low frequency of a seismic wave has a great influence on the cavern while the high frequency has little effect. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

轴对称解对隧道衬砌水压力计算的适用性研究

文章根据渗流理论推导了隧道衬砌水压力的轴对称解,并利用数值分析方法研究了轴对称解对不同形状隧道断面与浅埋隧道的适用性.研究结果表明:轴对称解适用于非圆形隧道断面衬砌水压力的估算;隧道断面形状对衬砌水压力折减系数的影响较小,可以忽略不计,其影响大小主要由衬砌与围岩的渗透系数比值决定.对于浅埋低水头隧道,用轴对称解计算的毛洞流量Qm与数值解比较,其误差较大,最大误差为36.5％;但用来计算衬砌水压力p1以及衬砌后水流量Q1时,误差相对较小,最大误差为6.3％,特别是利用轴对称解得出的衬砌水压力值与利用数值解得出的衬砌水压力特征值最大误差仅为3.4％.     

低温储罐失效分析及预防措施

文中对低温设备温差应力循环所产生的疲劳失效事故进行了分析,目的是防止低温储罐在使用中出现疲劳破坏。文中通过对失效低温设备断口形貌特征的勘察,采用断口分析、焊接缺陷分析、温差应力循环与疲劳载荷分析的方法,得出了低温液体储罐设备在使用中易出现疲劳失效模式的结论。同时,从设计结构、施焊控制、安全泄放装置维护等方面,对低温液体储罐疲劳失效提出了预防措施。     

隆林新洲养护站边坡稳定性分析

文章利用SLOPE／W模块,基于确定值方法和可靠度理论的极限平衡法．对隆林新洲养护站边坡在不采取支挡措施和采用锚索抗滑桩支挡措施情况下,如何保持边坡稳定性进行了对比分析。     

输油管弯头腐蚀缺陷应力分析

针对输油管弯头以及管壁上的缺陷,用有限元法对其进行了分析计算,找出了输油管弯头的危险部位,给出了管壁危险部位腐蚀缺陷处的应力分布规律以及危险点,并研究了缺陷的长度、宽度和剩余壁厚对应力的影响;同时拟合了缺陷处应力的计算公式,为工程技术人员的设计计算和现场管道安全运营动态管理提供了依据.     

盾构隧道始发与到达段环间纵向压力空间分布规律研究

现场实测数据表明,盾构隧道始发与到达段各断面纵向压力较小,可能导致环缝漏水。为解决此问题,通过求解描述隧道变形特征的微分方程,获得隧道始发与到达段纵向力的分布规律;并以此为依据,提出纵向拉结构件的设计方法。研究结果表明： 1)在不采用拉结措施的情况下,进出洞口附近纵向力最小,接近于0; 2)距离洞口越远的断面,其纵向力越大; 3)采用纵向拉结措施可以有效地增大始发与到达段断面纵向力。在对纵向拉结构件进行设计时,其最小横截面积由隧道刚度和环缝止水垫闭合压力决定,其最小长度由隧道和地层之间的切向黏结刚度决定。     

载重38 800 t散货船推进轴系轴承布置设计

通过有限元分析,选取Workbench作为平台,采用MOGA优化算法分别对尾管轴承和中间轴承的长度和布置位置进行敏感度分析,得到轴系设计过程中各参数的不同敏感度,同时计算轴承布置位置和长度与轴系最大应力关系,得到船舶轴系的最佳优化设计方案。     

深海耐压舱室寿命估算

耐压舱室在深海中下潜一定深度和收回过程中,受到的水压可以简化为底周期循环应力。在该循环应力作用下,根据断裂力学理论和结构损伤-安全设计原理,以临界裂纹尺寸的设计方法结合具体工程应用案例计算设备寿命,得出在一定初始裂纹深度和长度下设备的理论使用次数。采用计算机程序实现迭代计算。此应用案例在疲劳的可靠性计算中具有一定的工程指导意义。     

内压载荷下X80管道裂纹应力分布规律研究

为了研究内压作用下管道裂纹应力场分布规律,以含有表面裂纹的X80管道为研究对象,对不同形状、不同方向、不同内压、不同尺寸的含裂纹管道进行仿真分析和实验验证。结果表明:裂纹尖端处应力远大于裂纹中心应力。裂纹形状对应力影响作用较小,随着裂纹方向与管道轴向夹角增大,裂纹尖端应力先增大后减小,随着管道内压、裂纹深度、裂纹长度的增大,裂纹尖端处应力随之线性增大。其中,裂纹长度对裂纹尖端应力的影响小于管道内压和裂纹深度。