虎钳在零部件分装过程中的一种优化替代方法

虎钳在整车生产企业中,常被用于零部件分装过程,如阀类接头的分装、气管路分装等,其主要作用为夹紧零部件以防止其移动和歪斜,方便员工操作。虎钳在零部件分装过程中需反复开合以固定不同规格的部件,长时间操作容易使员工疲劳,同时在虎钳使用过程中,固定太紧容易对零部件质量造成影响,而固定较松则会产生作业过程中零部件位置偏移,对作业过程造成冲击。为了缓解员工疲劳强度,方便快捷的完成分装作业,本文探寻一种虎钳在零部件分装过程中的一种优化和替代方法,以保质保量完成作业任务。     

大跨“槽型+箱型”连续混凝土梁受力与设计研究

针对某地公轨合建工程35+50+35m大跨“槽型+箱型”组合截面连续混凝土梁结构体系特殊、受力行为不明确，采用ANSYS有限元软件建立三维实体模型，研究其受力行为，并对设计提出建议。研究表明：①“槽型+箱型”组合截面满足平截面假定；②组合截面槽型、箱型部分纵向不同截面、同一截面边/中腹板剪力分布存在显著差异；③槽型部分边腹板与底板衔接处应力集中明显；④槽型部分边腹板与底板衔接处应加强配筋、桥面板悬臂根部及跨中配筋可取包络设计。     

架桥机滚柱轮结构最佳空心度研究

以某架桥机中使用的圆柱滚子轮系统为研究对象,针对滚柱轮结构中等效和接触应力的边缘效应,提出了采用空心滚柱轮的设计方案,以降低其边缘应力。采用有限元分析方法,对不同空心度下的滚柱轮最危险区域的等效应力和接触应力进行了详细计算。计算结果表明:对于等效应力,滚柱轮的最佳空心度为42%;对于接触应力,滚柱轮的最为合理的空心度为50%。综合考虑等效应力最小及接触应力的合理分布,滚柱轮的最佳空心度范围可取为42%~50%。     

小交通量通组公路水泥混凝土路面轴载换算研究

为进行小交通量通组公路水泥混凝土路面的结构受力计算,首先进行了交通组成和标准轴载选用分析,然后基于有限元模型计算确定了混凝土板的临界荷位和轴载换算系数,最后通过对比现有规范和文中应力回归公式计算结果说明了现有规范公式存在的问题.研究结果表明:BZZ-100不应作为小交通量通组公路水泥混凝土路面结构计算的标准轴载,而应选...     

基于热点应力法U型激光焊接夹层板疲劳寿命分析

U型激光焊接夹层板作为新型船用结构,准确预报其疲劳寿命对于工程应用有着重要的现实意义。本文依据传统焊接结构热点应力外推方法,给出了适合激光焊接夹层板结构的热点应力外推公式,计算了不同外推公式下结构的疲劳寿命,并与已有的试验结果进行对比,最后研究了不同单元层数和焊缝宽度对结构疲劳寿命的影响。结果表明:采用本文的外推公式、外推区域面板厚度方向划分3层单元时,计算结果与试验值较为吻合,验证了热点应力法求解激光焊接夹层板疲劳寿命的有效性;并且结构的疲劳寿命随着焊缝宽度的增加显著提高。     

多阶底部上的垂直可渗透结构斜海洋波的阻尼研究(英文)

Oblique ocean wave damping by a vertical porous structure placed on a multi-step bottom topography is studied with the help of linear water wave theory. Some portion of the oblique wave, incident on the porous structure, gets reflected by the multi-step bottom and the porous structure, and the rest propagates into the water medium following the porous structure. Two cases are considered: first a solid vertical wall placed at a finite distance from the porous structure in the water medium following the porous structure and then a special case of an unbounded water medium following the porous structure. In both cases, boundary value problems are set up in three different media, the first medium being water, the second medium being the porous structure consisting of p vertical regions-one above each step and the third medium being water again. By using the matching conditions along the virtualvertical boundaries, a system of linear equations is deduced. The behavior of the reflection coefficient and the dimensionless amplitude of the transmitted progressive wave due to different relevant parameters are studied. Energy loss due to the propagation of oblique water wave through the porous structure is also carried out. The effects of various parameters, such as number of evanescent modes, porosity, friction factor, structure width, number of steps and angle of incidence, on the reflection coefficient and the dimensionless amplitude of the transmitted wave are studied graphically for both cases. Number of evanescent modes merely affects the scattering phenomenon. But higher values of porosity show relatively lower reflection than that for lower porosity. Oscillation in the reflection coefficient is observed for lower values of friction factor but it disappears with an increase in the value of friction factor. Amplitude of the transmitted progressive wave is independent of the porosity of the structure. But lower value of friction factor causes higher transmission. The investigation is then carried out for the second case, i.e., when the wall is absent. The significant difference between the two cases considered here is that the reflection due to a thin porous structure is very high when the solid wall exists as compared to the case when no wall is present. Energy loss due to different porosity, friction factor, structure width and angle of incidence is also examined. Validity of our model is ascertained by matching it with an available one.     

自升式平台的局部结构应力分析

利用有限元法对自升式海洋平台纵舱壁和横舱壁上开孔前后的应力进行计算,分析开孔形状及开孔处采用不同的加强方式对局部结构应力的影响,计算得到开孔不同形状及不同加强方式时结构的应力。在平台主体舱壁上开圆角矩形时应力较小,在开孔上增加面板可以显著降低孔边缘的应力。平台桩腿开孔时应力集中系数急剧增加,桩腿载荷不同对桩腿受力有很大影响。     

切向单双入口旋流器油-水两相分离流场及特性研究

运用雷诺应力模型（RSM）及两相流 MIXTURE 混合模型和 SIMPLEC 算法对切向单、双入口旋流器内的流场进行模拟分析。采用作图法描述了锥段中间截面处的切向速度、径向速度、湍动能及湍能耗散率,使内部复杂旋流流场的分析得以简化。模拟结果表明：单入口旋流器内流场具有不对称性,呈现偏心结构,双入口旋流器流场具有较好的对称性;油-水分离时,切向双入口旋流器中的分离效率为96%,高于单入口旋流器的94%,但同时增大了能量消耗。实验测试结果显示：流量为3 m3/ h 时的实际分离效率为90%,与模拟结果的平均误差为5%,处理流量相同时,采用切向双入口旋流器更能提高分离效率。     

甲板开口围缘扁钢加强方式研究

针对开大长矩形口的甲板结构,在开口内缘加设围缘扁钢,可以降低角隅处的应力集中。采用参数化分析方法,基于结构有限元数值计算结果,研究不同甲板厚度、开口尺寸和角隅半径时,扁钢长、宽、厚尺寸参数对应力集中的影响,并分析其原因。研究结果表明,随着扁钢尺寸的增大,开口处应力集中系数为先减小后增大,合理地设计扁钢加强方式才能有效降低应力集中。通过参数化计算,提出开口处围缘扁钢加强方式优化设计思想,给出最佳扁钢宽度值、厚度的设计公式及设计图谱,可以为甲板开口加强设计提供参考。