恶劣海况下大型钢吊箱围堰施工关键技术

钢吊箱围堰作为一种成熟的深水承台施工方式已经被广泛采用,而在受潮汐、暗涌和风浪影响的恶劣海况下,大型钢吊箱围堰的施工安全风险极大,封底混凝土漏水现象、吊箱结构整体失稳等现象频发。针对上述安全和质量问题,在大连南部滨海大道工程星海湾跨海大桥钢吊箱施工中,采取了在吊箱结构上增加内支撑、防落钢带、侧板与底板间用型钢斜撑等措施。实践证明,通过这些加固措施,有效地提高了在恶劣海况下钢吊箱围堰施工的安全、稳定性能,以及承台混凝土的浇筑质量。     

中国交通-气象部门协作应对灾害性天气气候事件机制分析

目前各种灾害性天气气候事件对交通活动的影响日趋明显,本文在概述中国交通运输发展的基础上,分析了不同交通运输方式的主要致灾气象因子。比较而言,管道运输的致灾气象因子最少,高速公路、电气化铁路和民航运输的致灾气象因子较多,暴雨是交通行业最主要的致灾气象因子。本文剖析了中国交通与气象部门协作应对灾害性天气气候事件的机制现状及存在的问题,就如何建立顺畅有效的协作应对机制、提升中国交通运输行业对灾害性天气气候事件的防御能力提出了对策。     

满堂支架法现浇梁荷载预压方法改进探讨

通过对满堂支架现浇梁常用的荷载预压方法进行简述分析,提出了测量支架沉降量的＂对比模拟预压＂的改进思路。经现场检验,用该方法指导施工,与现场实际情况基本相符,效果良好,达到了既简化操作又具有模拟现浇梁等荷载预压的效果,值得推广。     

美国凤凰城都会区新型轻轨车辆

为解决美国凤凰域都会区公交系统不够完备的问题,首次建设一条轻轨线路并研发适应凤凰城都会区特殊气候条件的新型轻轨车辆.在安全性、可视化、人性化、人机工程等方面进行创新设计,使这种车辆成为当今世界上最先进的轻轨车辆之一.     

澜沧江景洪港治理河工模型试验研究

景洪港是交通部批准的国家级港口.近年来在景洪港下游多处修建建筑物,短期内使河势和流态发生较大改变,分析和研究景洪港的淤积变化并对其及早治理,具有重要的政治和经济意义.本文根据天然实测资料及河工模型试验资料,分析景洪港淤积变化的基本原因,并提出有效的治理措施供相关单位参考.     

基于粗糙集属性理论和差分进化算法的交通事故黑点成因分析

道路交通事故黑点作为交通事故的高发段,造成了大量的人员死亡和财产损失.文章首先运用粗糙集属性理论对诱发交通事故的因素进行评价分析,接着采用差分进化法筛选出主要影响因素,提出相应治理措施,并以兰州市滨河路交通事故黑点分析为例进行了说明,验证了该方法的实用性.     

基于评价指数的属性约简算法

从粗糙集理论出发,提出可分辨关系和对象差异矩阵的概念,并以此为基础构造出基于评价指数的属性约简算法.算法采用自底向上的方法,利用属性的评价指数作为启发式信息,求得属性集合的约简.在多个UC I数据集上进行试验,理论分析和实验数据表明,文中提出的属性约简算法是有效、可行的,具有较高的效率.     

在用车的城市道路工况腐蚀行为研究

针对一款2-6年的合资车型,开展车用涂装的厚度、形貌和交流阻抗测试,研究时限、里程、部位等因素对车用涂装的腐蚀影响。结果表明:车身漆膜随使用时限延长,防腐性能降低一个数量级(108-107Ω·cm^2);底盘涂层随里程延长,衰减两个数量级(107-105Ω·cm^2);金属部件的腐蚀形式以点蚀为主,优先发生于边缘、连接和焊接位置,在3-6年内可出现大面积腐蚀,中级消声器腐蚀程度高于尾级消声器。     

大型钢结构非滑道建造过程中风荷载作用的研究

海洋大型钢结构一般在滑道上建造,而本工程的18个大型模块需在非滑道的码头强夯土基础上建造。本研究通过建立在码头强夯地基上模块结构整体的有限元模型,对结构物在建造过程中,受海上风载作用下结构支点的作用进行分析,为结构建造过程中的安全分析提供理论依据。     

Recent sedimentary study of the shelf of the Basque country

The Northern Iberian margin of the Spanish Basque country (provinces of Gipuzkoa and Viscaia) is characterized by a narrow continental platform, which receives inputs of riverine particulate matter from the numerous riverine systems located within the Basque country. This particulate matter is subsequently deposited within the Bay of Biscay, and Gouf de Capbreton [Frouin, R., Fiuza, A.F.G., Ambar, I., Boyd, T.J., 1990. Observations of a poleward surface current off the coasts of Portugal and Spain during winter. Journal of Geophysical Research 95 (C1), 679–691]. The main goal of this study is to establish a map of the surface sediment distribution of the Basque continental shelf and more specifically to map the muddy patch located at the eastern side of that continental shelf.Three oceanographic cruises were conducted in 2003 and 2004. From these campaigns 340 surface samples, 12 short cores and 3 gravity cores have been collected over the mid and outer shelf from depths ranging between 50 m and 150 m deep. 3 seismic profiles were obtained across the shelf mud patch using a Sparker device.Sediment grain-size analyses were performed by the classical physical method of sieving and use of settling columns. The POC (Particular Organic Carbon) amounts in sediment and water samples were determined using the Strickland and Parsons' method [Strickland, J.D.H., Parsons, T.R., 1972. Determination of particulate carbon. In : A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Fisheries ResearchBoard of Canada, Ottawa, pp. 207−211] as adapted by Etcheber [Etcheber, H., 1981. Comparaison des diverses méthodes d'évaluation des teneurs en matières en suspension et en carbone organique particulaire des eaux marines du plateau continental aquitain. Journal de Recherche Océanographique VI (2), 37−42]. Radioisotopic measurements (²¹⁰Pb_exc) were made using a semi-planar germanium detector coupled to a multichannel analyser. Radiographical analysis was performed with an X-ray equipment (SCOPIX®) coupled with a radioscopy instrumentation and processing unit.Firstly, a detailed sedimentological map of this shelf has been produced and secondly, geophysical surveys have precisely mapped the geometry of the main mud patch on the continental shelf. In the mud patch itself the rates of sedimentation are between 0.13 and 0.50 cm yr^− 1. The maximum rate of sedimentation is located in the central mud patch, whereas the minimum rate of deposition occurs close to the rocky outcrops. These results seem to be in agreement with the estimation of the total thickness of the mud patch revealed by seismic profiles. The central part corresponds to the maximum thickness of 7 m.Interpretations of the associated oceanic current forcing factors (current direction, wave fetch and wind directional modes) relating to the identified sediment depositional zones are also undertaken.