车身外形CAGD中磨光三角域曲面的计算和应用

三角域曲面设计一直是车身表面造型的难点。本文建立了磨光型三角域自由 曲面的计算模型，开发了软件，通过实际设计实例证明该方法光顺性好，计算稳定，效率高。     

软土地基水平受荷桩基础力学性能研究

通过国内不同规范和文献的对比研究以及工程实例分析,建议以桩基地面水平位移达到6 mm的水平荷载作为桩基横轴向容许承载力,或者采用建筑桩基规范桩基水平承载力公式估算。考虑到软土地基桩土作用非线性的特点,引入了NL法对水平受荷桩内力和变形进行分析,建立了软土地基桩基在水平荷载作用下的精确分析方法;在相同的水平荷载作用下,采用m法计算的水平受荷桩变形值和内力值要比采用NL法计算的数值分别增大150%、15%左右,采用m法进行水平受荷桩设计时偏于保守。     

采用暗挖法实施的中心城区换乘车站方案研究

现依托贵阳市轨道交通3号线一期工程北京路站,研究中心城区采用暗挖法实施的换乘车站方案。通过研究,在有条件情况下换乘方式采用十字换乘。根据客流预测核算,站台宽度为15.5 m;结合设备限界、管线敷设、施工误差等要求,车站净宽为22.8 m,为大跨度车站。当中心城区车站施工的变形控制要求高,暗挖车站断面跨度大时,可采取中洞法施工。可通过数值模拟,对暗挖结构初支及二衬进行受力分析,并且通过计算可以发现:当采取一定的初支措施时,中洞法对变形控制能够起一定的作用;通过暗挖断面优化、全包防水及接缝防水加强,来确保暗挖车站的防水质量;中洞法暗挖车站结构型式可以满足抗震要求。     

数据处理方法在路堤工后沉降预测中的应用

介绍了3种预测路堤工后沉降的模型及求解方法，并应用于工程实例中；把3种方法得到的结果与实测结果相比较，指出各种方法各有优点，各有其适用情况。     

正确确定内燃机活塞上止点位置的热力学方法

本文详细介绍了利用局部曲线拟合的多变指数法修正示功图上止点位置的原理及特点,作者在数学处理上作了简化并编制了计算机程序及绘图程序,使之实际操作简单、便于应用。上止点位置的精度可达0.05°～0.1°CA,本文最后提供了一个实例说明该方法的具体应用。     

交互劳务代数分配法实际操作研究

本文研究辅助生产部门交互劳务代数分配法的实际操作问题,解决了该方法的辅助生产费用分配表的设计、联立方程组的建立和帐务处理等问题。笔者提出的实际应用程序可操作性强。     

弹性接触问题的位移-力法有限元解法研究

本文根据接触状态下的有限元基本方程,通过对定解条件、约束条件的分析应用,得出了仅与接触点有关的定解方程。 运用所编制的电算程序对某柴油机副连杆销及孔在最大载荷下的失圆变形进行了计算。通过采用空心及实心销两种简化模型计算得出了实际副连杆销的失圆变形范围。     

Global cutting-path optimization considering the minimum heat effect with microgenetic algorithms

This article considers microgenetic algorithms (GAs), which explore in a small population with a few genetic operators, for cutting-path optimization problems. The major difference between GAs and simple genetic algorithms (SGAs) is how to make a reproductive plan for an improved searching technique because of population choice. It is shown that GAs implementation reaches the near-optimal region much earlier than the SGAs approach, and the GAs give a better solution than simulated annealing (SA). The main objective was to determine what temperature distribution can be obtained from the solution of a travelling distributed heat source. The solution of the travelling heat source on nested raw plate provides information about the vertices of each nested part of the raw plate. From the fact that the initial temperature at a piercing point strongly depends on the heat flow which stems from the previous cutting contour, the temperature of all piercing points must be lower than the critical temperature after each cutting of the components of a part. The critical temperature is identified as the mechanical melting temperature of steels. A heuristic back-tracking method is introduced to find the near-optimum cutting path considering the minimum heat effect on deformation. The heuristic back-tracking method is incorporated with the GAs.     

Digital exchange of design models between marine equipment libraries using hybrid neutral formats

The selection of marine equipment is a time-consuming process for a ship outfitting designer. The inefficiency originates from the paper-based exchange of design information between shipyards and equipment manufacturers. We propose a method to exchange equipment models for electronic commerce. Shipyard practices were investigated to find out how the outfitting CAD library is being used. We also surveyed international standards for the exchange of digital equipment models, and analyzed the macroparametric methodology. We propose a hybrid method to represent the geometric information using STEP AP203 or the macroparametric method. The nongeometric information is defined according to the Parts Library (PLIB) standard. We implement a pilot system and test it with a ship design data set. The equipment model proposed can be used in the design process with heterogeneous shipbuilding CAD systems. The equipment model can improve the design and purchase process in shipyards.     

A local model for the simulation of two–dimensional spilling breaking waves

A numerical model for the simulation of two dimensional spilling breaking waves is described. It is derived from a previous model which, in turn, takes its underlying ideas from the Cointe and Tulin theory of steady breakers. With respect to the former model, the present one is local, i.e., the inception, extension, and geometry of the breakers are determined through the local shape of the water surface. The model has been implemented in a RANSE code, which was developed for the simulation of ship flows, through a modification in the boundary conditions. This yields a simple and effective way to reproduce the breakers influence on the underlying flow. The resulting code has been used to simulate the flow past a submerged hydrofoil. The numerical results are compared with those of the previous model and with the experimental data obtained by Duncan.