从低碳经济角度评价公路交通的几点认知

随着经济的飞速发展,环境问题日益严重。低碳经济是一种新的经济发展模式,主要致力于减少温室气体的排放,并已成为新的经济发展潮流。基于对可持续发展与低碳经济的简单介绍,对低碳经济角度下的公路交通的认知评价进行了论述,具有一定的意义与价值。     

惠州港可持续发展问题研究

惠州港近年来得到快速发展，受到普遍的关注，但很少有人考虑惠州港可持续发展的问题。文中从可持续发展的角度出发，对惠州港的可持续发展问题进行充分阐述，让更多的人关注惠州港可持续发展问题。以便惠州港走上健康发展的轨道。     

The Decline of the Artisanal Fisheries in Mediterranean Coastal Areas: The Case of Cap de Creus (Cape Creus)

This article examines the sociocultural, economic, and environmental causes of the decline of the artisanal fisheries in the rocky coast of Cape Creus (NW Mediterranean) over the past decades. The changes that have occurred over time have favored trawlers, purse-seiners, shellfish fisheries, and tourism activities, to the detriment of artisanal fisheries. This article shows that the establishment of a marine reserve in 1998 could not reverse the observed decline in the artisanal fisheries. This raises the necessity of implementing a fishery management plan integrated into a coastal management plan, which should accompany the habitat protection. These plans could assist in the maintenance and the sustainable development of the artisanal fishing sector in Cape Creus as well as in other Mediterranean coastal areas where artisanal fisheries are also declining.     

Comparing Fisher Interviews,Logbooks, and Catch Landings Estimates of Extraction Rates in a Small-Scale Fishery

Researchers are turning to alternative data sources (e.g., resource user knowledge) to provide information required for wildlife management. Little is known about the reliability of data elicited from resource users relative to data obtained from user-independent approaches (e.g., observations of fish catches). We test for consensus among three methods that quantify past (1996 to 2007) seahorse catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) for a small-scale, data-poor fishery in the Philippines: interviews with fishers about good, bad, and typical catch; fisher logbooks; and observations of catch landings. Interviews and logbooks indicated no trends in CPUE through time, consistent with results from the fisher-independent metric, catch landings. Although interview estimates of “typical” CPUE greatly exceeded “typical” observed catches and logbook estimates, interview estimates of “bad” CPUE were comparable. Catch landings estimates for a fisher in a particular year were uncorrelated to what he reported during retrospective interviews. Interviews should be used cautiously to inform specific catch targets (e.g., total allowable catches), although including interview questions about a range of catch experiences (e.g., good, bad and typical), may improve interview-derived data. Logbooks are particularly useful for capturing information about fishing expeditions that produce no fish, which are largely missed by other methods.     

Fisheries in Iwaki after the Fukushima Dai'ichi Nuclear Accident: Lessons for Coastal Management under Conditions of High Uncertainty?

This article evaluates factors driving perception of risk and uncertainty in fisheries in Iwaki City, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, following the Fukushima Dai'ichi nuclear accident. Particular attention is paid to lessons that may be learned for managing uncertainties and risks in coastal management more generally. The 2011 accident has had profound effects on Fukushima fisheries. Commercial coastal fisheries have been stopped since, and efforts to understand and monitor the effects of marine radioactive contamination on produce from the sea continue. Small-scale trial fisheries have, however, re-commenced with a view to gradually re-starting Fukushima fisheries over time. Drawing on in-depth interviews, discussion groups, and field observations from Iwaki and Fukushima Prefecture more widely, three factors are discussed: the role of trusted local-level points of contact; the value of transparent monitoring and screening that acknowledges remaining limitations and uncertainties; and the importance of taking seriously the cultural dimensions of rapid and potentially irreversible environmental change.     

基于可持续发展的高校学生体育成绩评价体系构建研究

依据素质教育和可持续发展理论,针对体育教育教学现状及特点,充分考虑学生个体差异,本着激励每个学生素质全面而可持续发展的原则,构建了科学合理,有利于学生素质可持续发展的体育成绩评价理论体系,并研发了一套完善的、便于操作的体育成绩评价系统。解决了目前存在的教育者和学生对体育成绩评价目的的认识偏差、评价内容单一,方法不够合理、评价参与主体的单一性、过分注重评价指标定量化、教师计算和统计成绩的量大繁琐等问题,促使高校体育教学取得明显成效。     

公路交通可持续发展动态评估实证研究

为动态掌握公路交通发展与交通资源、生态环境、经济效益及社会效益的关系,构建了公路交通可持续发展动态分析与评估模型.根据公路交通可持续发展评估的内容和特点,从交通资源、生态环境、经济效益和社会效益4个方面建立了可持续发展评估指标体系.在分析公路交通发展状态向量结构的基础上,运用灰色系统理论建立了公路交通可持续发展动态评估模型,进而以甘肃省公路交通为例进行了实证研究.实例研究表明:该评估方法可行.模型计算的结果有助于制定符合公路交通可持续发展的改善措施与管理办法.     

城市环境可持续发展的灰色模糊评价法

介绍一种利用层次分析法确定指标权重,结合灰色关联度分析和模糊评价构建的灰色模糊综合评价模型。通过所建立的评价模型对某城市十年间的生态环境可持续发展进行综合评价。实例证明将灰色模糊综合评价法运用到城市可持续发展中是科学、有效的,克服了单纯利用灰色或模糊评价法中的不足。不但准确得出各年的评价结果,而且借助隶属度矩阵能分析出各年评价指标上的差异,进而有助于政府调整措施促进环境发展。     

城市公共交通无障碍设施一体化实施对策研究

公共交通无障碍设施的建设是以人为本、公交优先的具体体现,亦是城市功能和品质提升的必然要求。论文探讨了公共交通与可持续机动性的关系,并在分析公共交通无障碍建设的服务对象和内涵的基础上,针对我国城市公共交通无障碍设施的建设现状,从设施配置、工程设计、运营管理等方面提出公共交通无障碍设施一体化的实施对策。     

英国与荷兰非机动化交通模式比较研究

非机动化交通模式以其低能耗、健康、低消费、缓解交通拥堵等优势被认为是生态化且可持续化的绿色交通发展模式。近些年来,英国政府与荷兰政府提出了一系列的政策措施,加强了对交通安全的教育,用于降低机动化交通速度,促进非机动化交通模式的发展。通过对比发现非机动化交通配套设施在英国的发展远不及荷兰完善,且荷兰的非机动化交通与其他模...