考虑了自身损耗的舰艇编队防空作战效能研究

防空作战是舰艇编队抗击空中目标,保卫己方舰艇的重要手段;防空作战效能作为体现编队防空作战能力的重要指标,应以防空作战中舰艇的自身损耗为基础,以编队对空中目标的毁伤能力为主要方面来综合评判编队防空作战效能。文章从编队对来袭空中目标的毁伤能力、舰艇损伤程度、弹药消耗量及人员伤亡程度四个方面对编队防空作战效能进行研究;为客观、全面的研究编队防空作战效能提供了方法。     

Application of a Sustainable Fisheries Development Indicator System (SFDIS) for Better Management Outcomes in Taiwan Offshore and Coastal Fishery

A sustainable fisheries development indicator system (SFDIS) is proposed in this article to monitor management of Taiwan's offshore and coastal fisheries. Demonstration of its application shows that the ecological index is tending toward sustainability but to conserve fisheries’ resources it is necessary to strengthen habitat protection and management through a partnership approach. The economic index is tending toward unsustainability as a result of a decline in fisheries’ Gross Domestic Product (GDP), value, economic production, and investment. An aging fisherman population and decreasing social performance and resilience contribute to unsustainability of the social index. By contrast, the institutional index is sustainable because of improved management efficiency, ability, and capacity-building. However, some problems exist with regard to compliance and acceptability of institutional expense. Overall, the SFDIS suggests that an increase in employee number, incorrect statistical data, and unacceptable institutional expense will make Taiwan's offshore and coastal fisheries unsustainable in the long run.     

基于成长管理的城市交通可持续发展战略研究

分析影响交通可持续发展的因素,引入成长管理的概念,给出基于成长管理的城市交通可持续发展对策和实施成长管理需要注意的问题,并给出基于成长管理的交通可持续发展的评价指标。结合上海市交通白皮书的修编,给出基于成长管理的建议。     

对城市轨道交通可持续发展的思考

简述了国内外城市轨道交通发展进程,并对其优势及特点进行了论述。对影响轨道交通建设发展的规划、资金、设备和技术标准等进行了分析,指出城市轨道交通具有的工程造价高、建设周期长、运营费用大的特点是制约其持续发展的重要因素。提出“十一五”期间我国城市轨道交通进入重要建设期,在把握机遇、快速发展的同时,更应该保持清醒,充分认识城市轨道交通在发展中所面临的问题,高度重视有关可持续发展的战略性研究和探索,通过制定相关配套的政策策略,指导我国城市轨道交通健康、快速、可持续发展。     

首尔公交改革对中国城市交通的启示

2004年7月1日,韩国首尔市政府在全市开展了针对公交系统的深刻整合性改革,这一举措成为迈向可持续性城市交通的重要一步。此次公文改革成功实施的关健在于将管理机构、创新技术、基础设施的建设以及公交的组织和运营融为一体。作为同处于东亚的大城市,首尔在文化观念、人口规模、经济发展和城市建设等各个方面与包括北京在内的中国大城市有很多相似之处。目前,中国公交行业以及相关从业人员正面临巨大的挑战,因此,首尔公交改革的戍功经验具有特别的借鉴意义。     

可持续发展战略与我国内河航运(下)

文章根据专题调查,结合我国经济建设必须坚持可持续发展战略,就内河航运的地位和作用,水资源的综合利用及内河航运体制等问题从参政议政角度提出书面政策建议。     

我国水资源现状与可持续利用方略

从我国水资源的分布特点及面临的形势出发,分析了我国水资源保护和管理过程中存在的主要问题及原因.在此基础上,结合我国现阶段社会经济发展实际,从水资源可持续利用的角度提出了解决这些问题的具体措施,对缓解水资源紧缺情势和进一步做好水资源开发、利用、保护和管理工作具有一定的理论指导意义.     

Changes in size at maturity of European hake Atlantic populations in relation with stock structure and environmental regimes

European hake (Merluccius merluccius) female size at maturity is estimated on an annual basis for Bay of Biscay and Galician coast, which are parts of the distribution of the Northern and Southern stocks, respectively. Clear trends in this reproductive parameter are observed along the time series and the potential factors affecting these trends have been investigated. Total biomass, different indexes of SSB, age diversity index, fishing mortality at age, NAO winter index, upwelling index and temperature were included in multiple regressions models to assess the relative importance of each of them on shifts in size at maturity.Bay of Biscay and Galician coast hake have followed different evolution in patterns of changes in size at maturity. In Bay of Biscay, a steadily decline of 15 cm has been observed from 1987 to 2004, which is well predicted by fishing mortality and age diversity, but also the environment may have played an important role. However, on the Galician coast a drastic decline of 16 cm from 1980 to 1988 was followed by a rapid increase in size at maturity during the next 10 years to original values and a stable period in the last 6 years. Decreasing biomass may explain the decline in size at maturity in the first period. However, total biomass and spawning biomass declined even during the period when size at maturity increased, which is contrary to compensatory theory. Shifts in environmental regime, NAO and upwelling, may have contributed to a decelerated growth during this period that might explain the later maturation.     

基于PSR概念与复合物元可拓法的城市交通可持续发展评价

为了缓解有限的城市用地及交通设施不足与高密度人口及机动车辆激增的矛盾,建立了压力-状态-响应概念框架下的城市交通可持续指标体系框架和政策工具矩阵,突出了指标间压力、状态、响应的动态联系与因果关系,以及政策设计和制度安排的调控作用。在可拓学物元模型的基础上,结合系统复杂性的特点,建立了复合物元可拓综合评价模型,根据模型的特点指出了该模型可用于各种规划实施效果的评价和可持续发展评价等。最后,通过实例说明了文中提出的城市交通可持续发展指标体系框架的合理性,复合物元可拓法的有效性和实用性。     

沈阳地铁一号线沈阳站站方案研究

研究目的:解决沈阳市地铁一号线沈阳站站的设置问题。研究方法:通过对火车沈阳站站前现状的分析,将地铁在此设站的问题分解为几项,再针对每项展开分析研究,采取不同方式解决。研究结果:对火车沈阳站的老站房及其它主要历史风貌建筑予以保留,对部分既有建筑物分别采取迁移、改造利用的手段,解决地铁的建设问题。并在地铁车站与火车站之间留出发展空间,满足铁路及市政远期建设要求。研究结论:在老城市中历史风貌街区修建地铁,设计中要结合周边既有建筑实际情况,分别采取完全保留、合理利用、适当改造的不同手段,处理好地铁与环境之间的关系。同时,对于难以与地铁同步完成的市政配套工程,要留有足够的发展空间,实现未来地铁与城市建设的可持续发展。